Safety analysis of two different methods for producing canine atrial fibrillation models#br#
MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiabudula, YANG Xu, ZHANG Ling, MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiaili, CAO Guiqiu, LI Yaodong, SUN Huaxin, MA Mei, TANG Baopeng
1. Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054; 2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830011; 3. Research Base of Clinical Medicine Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054; 4. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hotan District Peoples Hospital, Hotan Xinjiang 848099; 5. Department of Teaching Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054, China
摘要目的 通过比较开胸植入电极法与X线透视下经颈外静脉植入电极法制作心房快速起搏模型的安全性，为心房颤动（简称房颤）动物模型的制作提供参考。方法 根据起搏器电极植入途径的不同，将12只实验犬随机分为两组，开胸组（n=6）开胸后在左心耳固定起搏电极，介入组（n=6）经颈外静脉途径植入起搏器电极至右心耳或右心房。待一般情况稳定后，开启起搏器予以连续起搏6周，两组起搏频率均为400次/min。分别在基础状态和持续起搏6周后进行心脏B超检查，评估心脏结构的变化。术后通过观察伤口、监测体温、检测降钙素原以及NT-proBNP，评估是否有皮下感染、囊袋感染、血性感染、感染性心内膜炎、心力衰竭（简称心衰）。结果 12只犬中，开胸组1只术后第3天死亡，介入组1只术后第7天猝死，其余10只犬均完成实验。两组均能诱发房颤。起搏前和起搏6周后，两组心脏结构都有一定程度的变化，左心房内径、左心室收缩末期内径、左心室舒张末期内径、右心房以及右心室内径均较起搏前增大。但两组射血分数起搏前后均无明显变化。开胸组心衰发生率明显高于介入组（50.0% vs. 16.7%，P＜0.05）,两组感染率的差异也有统计学意义（66.7% vs. 33.3%，P＜0.05）。结论 制作心房快速起搏犬模型时，从降低感染率和心衰发生率的角度而言，X线透视下颈外静脉植入电极法要优于开胸植入电极法。
Abstract：Objective To compare the safety of the thoracotomy implantation of electrodes and the implantation of electrodes under X-ray fluoroscopy in creating a rapid atrial pacing model, and to provide a basis for producing an atrial fibrillation (AF) animal model. Methods Twelve experimental dogs were randomly divided into two groups according to different pathways of pacemaker electrode implantation. In the thoracotomy group (n=6), pacemaker electrodes were fixed in the left atrial appendage following thoracotomy while in the intervention group (n=6), pacemaker electrodes were implanted into the right atrial appendage or right atrium through the external jugular vein. Based on stable general situations, the pacemaker was opened and continuously paced for 6 weeks at 400 times per minute in each group. Changes of the cardiac structure was evaluated by performing cardiac B ultrasound examinations separately in the baseline state and after six weeks of continuous pacing. After the surgery, subcutaneous infection, pouch infection, bloody infection, infectious endocarditis, heart failure were assessed by observing the wound, monitoring body temperature, and detecting procalcitonin and NT-proBNP. Results Among the 12 dogs, one in the thoracotomy group died on the third day after the surgery while one in the intervention group suddenly died on the seventh day after the surgery; the remaining 10 dogs all completed the experiment. AF could be induced in both groups. Compared with the cardiac structure before the pacing, the cardiac structure of both groups change to a certain extent following six weeks of pacing; the left atrial diameter, the left ventricular end systolic diameter, the left ventricular end diastolic diameter, the right atrial diameter, and the right ventricular diameter of the two groups all increase after six weeks of pacing. However, there is no statistically significant difference of ejection fraction before and after pacing. The incidence of heart failure in the thoracotomy group is significantly higher than that in the intervention group (50.0% vs. 16.7%，P＜0.05) while the infection rate is also significantly different between the two groups (66.7% vs. 33.3%，P＜0.05). Conclusion In terms of reducing the infection rate and the incidence of heart failure, the method of implanting electrodes in an external jugular vein under X-ray fluoroscopy is superior to the thoracotomy implantation of electrodes to produce a canine rapid atrial pacing model.
麦麦提阿卜杜拉·麦麦提敏，杨徐，张玲，麦麦提艾力·麦麦提敏，曹桂秋，李耀东，孙华鑫，马嵋，汤宝鹏. 两种不同方法制作犬心房颤动模型的安全性分析[J]. 实用心电学杂志, 2023, 32(6): 416-421.
MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiabudula, YANG Xu, ZHANG Ling, MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiaili, CAO Guiqiu, LI Yaodong, SUN Huaxin, MA Mei, TANG Baopeng. Safety analysis of two different methods for producing canine atrial fibrillation models#br#. JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL ELECTROCARDIOLOGY, 2023, 32(6): 416-421.
