Abstract:To explore the optimal mode of water and nitrogen management and effective utilization of young arabica coffee tree, using two water levels, i.e. middle water WM, 65%~80% of soil field capacity(FC)and low water(WL, 50%~65%FC), three nitrogen levels, i.e. high nitrogen(NH, 0.4 g/kg air-dried soil), low nitrogen(NL, 0.20 g/kg air-dried soil)and no nitrogen(NZ, 0), two SAP levels, i.e. added SAP(SH, 1 kg/m3)and no SAP(SZ, 0), the effects of soil moisture, nitrogen and superabsorbent polymers(SAP)on accumulation of water and nitrogen, dry mass production and use of water as well as nitrogen in root-zone of young arabica coffee tree were studied. The results show that, compared to WL, WM can increase total dry mass, water use efficiency(WUE), total nitrogen uptake(TNU)and nitrogen dry matter production efficiency(NDMPE)by 86.0%, 36.4%, 73.1% and 5.3%, respectively. Compared to NZ, NL and NH has the same effect on WUE and TNU increment. Compared to SZ, SH can increase soil NO-3-N content, total dry mass, WUE and TNU by 21.9%~43.0%, 78.3%, 68.9% and 91.2%, respectively, while NDMPE is redued by 10.0%. Under the condition of middle water(65%~80%FC)and low nitrogen(0.2 g/kg dry soil), SAP can effectively regulate soil moisture and nitrogen environment, and can promote dry mass production and increase water and nitrogen use efficiency. Therefore, WMNLSH is the optimum combination of water and nitrogen efficient use in the experiment.
刘小刚, 殷欣, 符娜, 杨启良, 杨新荣. 水、氮和保水剂对小粒咖啡水氮利用的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2014, 32(6): 547-552.
Liu Xiaogang, Yin Xin, Fu Na, Yang Qiliang, Yang Xinrong. Effects of soil moisture, nitrogen and superabsorbent polymers on water and nitrogen use of arabica coffee. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin, 2014, 32(6): 547-552.
[1]Cai Chuantao, Cai Zhiquan, Yao Tianquan, et al. Ve-getative growth and photosynthesis in coffee plants under different watering and fertilization managements in Yunnan, SW China[J].Photosynthetica, 2007,45(3):455-461.[2]杨培岭, 廖人宽, 任树梅, 等. 化学调控技术在旱地水肥利用中的应用进展[J].农业机械学报, 2013,44(6):100-109. Yang Peiling, Liao Renkuan, Ren Shumei, et al. Application of chemical regulating technology for utilization of water and fertilizer in dry-land agriculture[J].Tran-sactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machi-nery, 2013,44(6):100-109.(in Chinese)[3]马强, 宇万太, 沈善敏, 等. 旱地农田水肥效应研究进展[J].应用生态学报, 2007,18(3):665-673. Ma Qiang, Yu Wantai, Shen Shanmin, et al. Research advances in water-fertilizer effect on dry land farmland[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007,18(3):665-673.(in Chinese)[4]华元刚, 陈秋波, 林钊沐, 等. 水肥耦合对橡胶树产胶量的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2008,19(6):1211-1216. Hua Yuangang, Chen Qiubo, Lin Zhaomu, et al. Coupling effects of water and chemical fertilizers on Hevea brasiliensislatex yield[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008,19(6):1211-1216.(in Chinese)[5]Nazareno R, Oliveira C, Sanzonowicz C, et al. Initial growth of Rubi coffee plant in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and water regimes [J].Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 2003, 38(8): 903-910.[6]Arantes K, Faria M, Rezende F. Recovery of coffee tree(Coffea arabica L.)after pruning under different irrigation depths [J]. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, 2009, 31(2): 313-319.[7]Yazdani F, Allahdadi I, Akbari G. Impact of superabsorbent polymer on yield and growth analysis of Soybean(Glycine max L.)under drought stress condition[J].Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2007,10(23):4190-4196.[8]杨永辉, 吴普特, 武继承, 等. 复水前后冬小麦光合生理特征对保水剂用量的响应[J].农业机械学报, 2011,42(7):116-123. Yang Yonghui, Wu Pute, Wu Jicheng, et al. Response of photosynthetic parameters of winter wheat before and after re-watering to different rates of water-retaining agent[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2011,42(7): 116-123.(in Chinese)[9]李嘉竹, 黄占斌, 陈威, 等. 环境功能材料对半干旱地区土壤水肥利用效率的协同效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(1):232-236. Li Jiazhu, Huang Zhanbin, Chen Wei, et al. Synergistic effects of environment functional materials to water & fertilizer use efficiency in semi-arid region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 26(1): 232-236.(in Chinese)[10]俞满源, 黄占斌, 方锋, 等. 保水剂、氮肥及其交互作用对马铃薯生长和产量的效应[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2003, 21(3): 15-19. Yu Manyuan, Huang Zhanbin, Fang Feng, et al. Response of aquasorb, fertilizer and their interaction to growth and yield of potato[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2003, 21(3): 15-19.(in Chinese)[11]黄占斌, 吴雪萍, 方峰, 等. 干湿变化和保水剂对植物生长和水分利用率的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报, 2002,8(6): 600-604. Huang Zhanbin, Wu Xueping, Fang Feng, et al. Effects of soil dry-wet changes and aquasorb treatment on plant growth and water use efficiency [J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 2002,8(6):600-604.(in Chinese)[12]鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2000.[13]梁艳萍, 许迪, 李益农, 等. 冬小麦不同畦灌施肥模式水氮分布田间试验[J].农业工程学报, 2009, 25(3):22-27. Liang Yanping, Xu Di, Li Yinong, et al. Field experiment on water and nitrogen distribution for winter wheat under border strip fertigation[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2009,25(3):22-27.(in Chinese)[14]白文波, 王春艳, 李茂松, 等.不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响[J].农业工程学报, 2010,26(10):69-76. Bai Wenbo, Wang Chunyan, Li Maosong, et al. Effects of super absorbent polymer on growth and yield of cotton under different irrigation conditions in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(10): 69-76.(in Chinese)[15]黄占斌, 孙在金. 环境材料在农业生产及其环境治理中的应用[J].中国生态农业学报, 2013,21(1):88-95. Huang Zhanbin, Sun Zaijin. Application of environmental materials in agricultural production and environmental treatment [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2013, 21(1):88-95.(in Chinese)