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• 2014 Volume 24 Issue 02
  Published: 30 April 2014

    

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  Construction and identification of the recombinant expression lentivirus vector carrying KSHV Rta gene

  CHEN Fei, YAN Qin, LU Chun

  2014, 24(02): 93-98,104.

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  Objective: To construct the recombinant lentivirus carrying Kaposi′s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) replication and transcriptional activator（Rta） gene. Methods: The fragment of Rta gene from expression vector pcDNA3.1-Rta was cloned into the lentivirus vector pHAGE-CMV-MCS-IzsGreen, then the recombinant vector pHAGE-Rta, packaging vector psPAX2 and envelope vector pMD2.G were cotransfected into the 293 T cells. Filtered culture media were harvested and the viral titer was checked by observing the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). BCBL-1 cells were infected with the LentivirusRta of which multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0, respectively, and Rta protein was detected by western blotting; meanwhile, the expression of KSHV lytic protein viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) and the production of KSHV virion were examined by western blotting and virion release assay, respectively. Results: Recombinant lentivirus with high titer and efficient infection were obtained by the lentivirus vectors system. BCBL-1 cells could be efficiently infected, and the expression of Rta protein in BCBL-1 cells infected with Lentivirus-Rta was detectable. The expression of Rta could promote KSHV lytic replication,upregulate the expression of vIL-6 protein and the production of KSHV virion. Conclusion: The recombinant lentivirus vector carrying Rta gene was constructed successfully; and the expression of Rta in BCBL-1 cells infected with Lentivirus-Rta could reactivate KSHV from latency successfully.
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  Effect of soy isoflavones on the expression of inflammatory molecules gene in atherosclerosis rats

  LUO Jie1, QIN Xu1, WEI Yu2, QIAN Min-zhang1

  2014, 24(02): 99-104.

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  Objective: To investigate the effects of soy isoflavones(SIF) on the expression of gene for proinflammatory of atherosclerosis(As) in the As rats. Methods: To establish the rats model of As, were randomly divided into normal control, model, model+SIF and normal+SIF group; the pathological changes of thoracic aorta of rats in each group were observed by HE staining; Real time-PCR and immunohistochemical detection of the expression of gene for proinflammatory of As in vessels. Results: The model group showed severe atrophy and calcification of thoracic aorta compared with normal control group, even appear atherosclerotic plaques; compared with model group, model+SIF group showed actions in lessening the atherosclerosis lesion obviously; both normal control group and normal+SIF group without pathological changes of thoracic aorta. Compared with model group, mRNA level of MCP-1/CCR2, MCPIP and CRP were higher than that in normal control group of thoracic aorta（P<0.01 or P<0.05）; mRNA level of the four genes in model+SIF group of thoracic aorta were lower than that in model group; there was not significant difference in mRNA level of the four genes between normal control group and normal+SIF group. Immunohistochemistry results showed that expression of positive staining and range of MCPIP, MCP-1,and NF-κB in model group were higher than in normal control group（P<0.01）, the expression of positive staining and range of the three protein in model+SIF group were lower than in model group（P<0.05）. Between the normal control group and the normal+SIF group, the expression of positive staining and range of the three protein were no significant difference. Conclusion: SIF can obviously decrease the expression of genes related to proinflammatory of As , and inhibit the atherosclerosis formation in rats.
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  Tumor growth influence of rlRVG on lung adenocarcinoma A549 transfected in vivo

  JIA L-juan1,2, LIU Yang2, ZHANG Jin2, LIANG Bing1, ZHANG Jie1, YAN Yu-lan2

  2014, 24(02): 105-109,113.

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  Objective: To explore the effects of recombinant avirulent newcastle disease virus LaSota strain expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (rl-RVG) on the proliferation of A549 lung adenocarcinoma tumor-bearing mice and potential immune mechanism. Methods: A tumor model of human A549 into nude mice was constructed and divided randomly into rl-RVG group, newcastle disease virus(NDV) group and control group. The mice in each group received rlRVG, NDV and PBS injection, respectively, twice a week, for 3 weeks. The growth of tumor were recorded, and the expression of NDV and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) were assayed by immunohistochemistry. The pathological change of the tissues were observed by HE staining. The number of NK (CD3-CD49+) cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with the control group, the growth of tumor in rl-RVG group and NDV group were inhibited more effectively. The subcutaneous tumor necrosis were more evident and there were much more multinucleated giant cells in the spleen tissue of the mice in rlRVG group and NDV group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that RVG protein was expressed in rl-RVG group and NDV protein was expressed in both rl-RVG group and NDV group. The number of NK cells was significantly higher in rl-RVG group and NDV group than that in the control group, and in rl-RVG group it was more higher than that in NDV group. Conclusion: Recombinant rl-RVG transfected successfully, and effectively inhibited the growth of A549 lung adenocarcinoma by mechanism which activating cell immune response.
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  A modified method for primary culture and calcification of aortic vascular smooth muscle cell of mouse

  XU Li-hua, YAN Jin-chuan, WU Chao, LU Zhao-yang, WANG Zhong-qun, YUAN Wei

  2014, 24(02): 110-113.

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  Objective: To establish a simple and efficient method for primary culture of mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and calcification model in vitro. Methods: The primary VSMCs were harvested by modified tissue-piece inoculation and identified by immunocytochemistry. The established VSMCs were randomly divided into control group and calcification group. Calcification of cells was assayed by von kossa staining and colorimetry method. Results: VSMCs migrated from explants of mouse aorta tissue after 3-5 days of culture. After 7-10 days, VSMCs grew to form a fusing monolayer.Immunofluorescence staining with specific mAb against mouse α-actin demonstrated VSMCs were positive. The cell purity of the 2nd generation of VSMCs was over 95%. Compared with the control group, the calcium content and ALP activity in the calcification group were increased significantly (both P<0.05). Conclusion: The method of modified explant-culture successfully established a effective model for primary culture of VSMCs, of which calcification in vitro could be induced by β-glycerophosphate.
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  Fumonisin B1 promoted HepG2 cell proliferation by upregulating  TGF-β signaling pathway

  ZENG Tian-tian, LU Xiao-dong, CHEN Lu-fang, CHEN Yuan-yuan, SHAO Qi-xiang

  2014, 24(02): 114-117,121.

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  Objective: To investigate the influence of Fumonisin B1(FB1) on the proliferation of HepG2 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods: HepG2 cells were cultured 48 h in prepared DMEM with different concentrations of 0.5, 1.0,10, 50 μmol/L FB1, the morphology of each group were observed under inverted microscope. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK-8)assay. The mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1), Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 4(Smad4) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) were detected by quantitative real-timePCR. Results: Microscope showed that cell division was increased in parallel with the increase of FB1 concentration. CCK-8 assay revealed that cell proliferation was remarkably increased after treatment of FB1. In the 0.5 and 1.0 μmol/L groups, mRNA expression of Smad4 and PAI-1 in HepG2 cells showed no significant difference compared with control group, while in the 10 and 50  μmol/L groups were increased dramatically. Conclusion: FB1 could promote cell proliferation effectively, and the elevated level of TGF-β1, Smad4 and PAI-1 in TGF-β pathway may be one of mechanisms for promoting cell proliferation in HepG2 cells.
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  Fumonisin B1 promoted HepG2 cell proliferation by upregulating  TGF-β signaling pathway

  ZENG Tian-tian, LU Xiao-dong, CHEN Lu-fang, CHEN Yuan-yuan, SHAO Qi-xiang

  2014, 24(02): 114-117,121.

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  Objective: To investigate the influence of Fumonisin B1(FB1) on the proliferation of HepG2 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods: HepG2 cells were cultured 48 h in prepared DMEM with different concentrations of 0.5, 1.0,10, 50 μmol/L FB1, the morphology of each group were observed under inverted microscope. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK-8)assay. The mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1), Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 4(Smad4) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) were detected by quantitative real-timePCR. Results: Microscope showed that cell division was increased in parallel with the increase of FB1 concentration. CCK-8 assay revealed that cell proliferation was remarkably increased after treatment of FB1. In the 0.5 and 1.0 μmol/L groups, mRNA expression of Smad4 and PAI-1 in HepG2 cells showed no significant difference compared with control group, while in the 10 and 50  μmol/L groups were increased dramatically. Conclusion: FB1 could promote cell proliferation effectively, and the elevated level of TGF-β1, Smad4 and PAI-1 in TGF-β pathway may be one of mechanisms for promoting cell proliferation in HepG2 cells.
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  Establishment and detection of a Tet-off stable cell line expressing Egr-1 protein regulated by doxycycline

  PENG Wan-xin1,2, MENG Fan-li2,3, JIN Jie1, GONG Ai-hua1

  2014, 24(02): 118-121.

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  Objective: To construct the responsive plasmid of pTRE2hyg-Egr-1 Tet-off gene expression system and examine its expression. Methods:PCR was performed to obtain the cDNA of early growth response-1(Egr-1) which was inserted into the responsive plasmid PTRE2hyg.DNA sequencing was performed after the recombinant of responsive plasmid pTRE2hy-Egr-1 was identified by sequencing. This recombinant vector was transfected into 293Tet-off cells by means of liposome and its expression was examined by Western blotting under the control of deoxycycline.Results:The responsive plasmid pTRE2hyg-Egr-1 verified by sequencing , was capable of expression in 293Tet-off could be controlled by deoxycycline concentration.Conclusion: The responsive plasmid pTRE2hygEgr-1 of Tet-off expression system was constructed successfully, and it can express under the regulation of deoxycycline in the 293Tet-off cells.
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  Construction of Bcl-6 gene 3′UTR dual luciferase reporter vector and targeting verification between Bcl-6 and miR-346

  CHEN Juan, YUAN Jing, WU Jing-jing, TIAN Jie, TANG Xin-yi, RUI Ke, TIAN Xin-yu, ZHANG Yue, LIU Hai-bing, GENG Li-na, YANG Jun, XU Hua-xi, WANG Sheng-jun

  2014, 24(02): 122-125.

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  Objective: To construct a luciferase reporter vector containing the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of Bcl-6 gene and measure the correlation between Bcl-6 and miR-346. Methods: The miRNA targeting Bcl-6 3′UTR was predicted by miRanda and PicTar. The synthetic 3′UTR fragment of Bcl-6 was cloned into PsiCHECK-2 reporter vector. The luciferase reporter vector and miRNA mimics were transfected into 293T cells. The relative luciferase activity was detected. Results: PicTar and miRanda database shared the results that miR346 have the complementary binding sites with 3′UTR of Bcl-6. Results of double enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing showed that sequence of luciferase reporter vector was correct.The luciferase activity of reporter vector treating miR346 was decreased observably about 66%. Conclusion: The luciferase reporter vector containing the 3′UTR of Bcl-6 was constructed successfully.
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  High performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of ergosterol and 22,23dihydroergosterol in Flammulina velutipes

  YI Cheng-xue1,2, TONG Shan-shan2, XU Xi-ming2, YU Jiang-nan2

  2014, 24(02): 126-128.

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  Objective: To develop an efficient high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of ergosterol and 22,23dihydroergosterol in Flammulina velutipes. Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Inertsil ODS-SP (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) analytical column using a mobile phase of 100% methanol at 1.0 mL·min-1. The sterol content was detected at 282 nm. The temperature of column was 25 ℃. Results: The established linearity range for ergosterol and 22,23-dihydroergosterol was 0.025-1.5 μg (r=0.999 9). The average recoveries (n=6) were 104.6% with RSD 0.89%,103.5% with RSD 3.34%,respectively. Conclusion: The established HPLC method was simple,rapid and reliable for the separation and simultaneous determination of ergosterol and 22,23-dihydroergosterol in Flammulina velutipes.
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  Expressions and correlations of lncRNA MALAT-1 and NF-κB in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

  YIN Yue1, ZHANG Zhao-yue1, MOU Xiao1, WU Shi1, MAO Chao-ming2, CHEN De-yu2

  2014, 24(02): 129-133.

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  Objective: To evaluate the expression and correlations of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT-1）， and NF-κB in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) tissue. Methods: The expressions of MALAT-1 and NF-κB mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR in 60 ESCC tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues. The expression of NF-κB protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining (SP method), and the relationship between MALAT-1 and clinico-pathological feature of ESCC patients was analyzed, and the correlation was explored. Results: The expression of MALAT-1 and NF-κB both were higher in ESCC tissues than that in adjacent nontumorous tissues (Z=－3.600，P<0.001；Z=－2.856，P<0.05). The positive rate of NF-κB protein in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent nontumor tissues (χ2=36.39, P<0.001). Meanwhile, the higher expression of MALAT-1 and NF-κB were correlated with the differentiation degree, lymphnode metastasis and clinical stage of ESCC (P<0.05).And the expression of MALAT-1 and NF-κB was positive correlated (r=0.795，P<0.001). Conclusion: MALAT-1 might play a significant role in the occurrence and development of ESCC.
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  Impact of different dialysis modalities on nutrition status and microinflammation of maintenance hemodilysis patients

  HU Yong-wei, SONG Su-zhen, MIN Qun-yan, SHAO Min

  2014, 24(02): 134-138.

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  Objective: To investigate the impact of different dialysis modalities on the nutrition status and microinflammation of maintenance hemodilysis patients. Methods: Fiftytwo hemodilysis patients were randomly divided into three groups and received hemodialysis(the HD group, 24 cases), hemodiafihration and hemodialysis (the HD+HDF group, 14 cases), and hemodialysis and hemoperfusion(the HD+HP group, 14 cases), respectively, for one year. The malnutrition inflammation score (MIS), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), hemoglobin (Hb), handgrip strength, brachial three triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) before and after treatment among the three groups were compared. Results: After one year of treatment, MIS and CRP of the HD+HDF group and the HD+HP group were remarkably lower than that of the HD group(P<0.05); PA, ALB, CRP and TSF were significantly increased in the HD+HDF group compared with the HD group (P<0.05); PA, CRP, handgrip strength were markedly increased in the HD+HP group compared with the HD group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in TSF. No significant differences in all indices between HD+HDF group and HD+HP group were found( both P>0.05). Compared with the pre-treatment indices, only Hb markedly increased in HD group(P<0.05), MIS, ALB, PA, CRP, handgrip strength, TSF slightly improved, but there were no significant differences (P>0.05); MIS, ALB, PA, CRP, HB, handgrip strength, TSF notably increased in comparison with pretreatment in HD+HDF group (both P<0.05); and PA, CRP, handgrip strength notably increased in comparison with pre-treatment in HD+HP group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Hemodiafiltration or hemoperfusion associated with hemodilysis could improve nutrition status and reduce microinflammation better.
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   Contrast analysis of the value of 2D-CDUS and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosing small hepatic carcinoma

  CHEN Bao-ding, XUE Yu, WU Xin-cai, DENG Hong-wei, SHANG Meng-yuan，WANG Ke-ke, ZHANG Hui-xia

  2014, 24(02): 139-141.

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  Objective: To analyze 2dimensional color doppler ultrasound(2D-CDUS) and contrastenhanced ultrasound（CEUS）-imaging characteristic about small hepatic carcinoma which diameter≤2 cm, and evaluate the value of 2D-CDUS and CEUS in diagnosing the small hepatic carcinoma. Methods: Retrospectively analyze the imaging characteristic and diagnostic results about the 134 cases of patients and 203 small hepatic lesions，and then compare the diagnostic value between the both methods in diagnosing small hepatic carcinoma. Results: The sensitivity，specificity and accuracy in diagnosing the small hepatic carcinoma by 2D-CDUS and CEUS were 81.3% (91/112),82.4%（75/91）, 81.8%（166/203） and 91.1%（102/122）,93.4%（85/91）,92.1%(187/203),respectively，and the difference between two methods had the statistical significance(P＜0.05). Conclusions: As a routine imaging method, 2DCDUS had the diagnostic value, to a certain extent, for small hepatic carcinoma; and CEUS can further enhance its sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
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   Clinical observation on moxifloxacin sequential therapy for healthcare-associated pneumonia

  CHEN Pei-li, GUO Dong-feng, XU Xiao-chun

  2014, 24(02): 142-144.

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  Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of moxifloxacin sequential therapy on patients with healthcareassociated pneumonia(HCAP). Methods: Sixty-two patients with HCAP hospitalized from January 2010 to January 2013 in the emergency ward of Shanghai Gongli Hospital were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(n=31) was administrated 0.4 g moxifloxacin intravenously, once a day, took the same medicine orally when the symptoms were improved, with total treatment course of 8~12 d; and the control group(n=31) was administrated 2.0 g cefotiam intravenously, twice a day, with total treatment course of 10~14 d. The efficacy of two groups was compared. Results: The clinical curative effect rates of moxifloxacin and cefotiam were 93.5% and 71.0%, the bacterial clearance rates were 94.7% and 61.1%, respectively; moxifloxacin was better than cefotiam in clinical curative effect(P<0.05). Conclusion: The anti-infection function of moxifloxacin sequential therapy was effective, meanwhile, with high bacterial clearance rate and clinical value.
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   Clinical observation on moxifloxacin sequential therapy for healthcare-associated pneumonia

  CHEN Pei-li, GUO Dong-feng, XU Xiao-chun

  2014, 24(02): 142-144.

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  Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of moxifloxacin sequential therapy on patients with healthcareassociated pneumonia(HCAP). Methods: Sixty-two patients with HCAP hospitalized from January 2010 to January 2013 in the emergency ward of Shanghai Gongli Hospital were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(n=31) was administrated 0.4 g moxifloxacin intravenously, once a day, took the same medicine orally when the symptoms were improved, with total treatment course of 8~12 d; and the control group(n=31) was administrated 2.0 g cefotiam intravenously, twice a day, with total treatment course of 10~14 d. The efficacy of two groups was compared. Results: The clinical curative effect rates of moxifloxacin and cefotiam were 93.5% and 71.0%, the bacterial clearance rates were 94.7% and 61.1%, respectively; moxifloxacin was better than cefotiam in clinical curative effect(P<0.05). Conclusion: The anti-infection function of moxifloxacin sequential therapy was effective, meanwhile, with high bacterial clearance rate and clinical value.
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   Clinical observation on moxifloxacin sequential therapy for healthcare-associated pneumonia

  CHEN Pei-li, GUO Dong-feng, XU Xiao-chun

  2014, 24(02): 142-144.

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  Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of moxifloxacin sequential therapy on patients with healthcareassociated pneumonia(HCAP). Methods: Sixty-two patients with HCAP hospitalized from January 2010 to January 2013 in the emergency ward of Shanghai Gongli Hospital were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(n=31) was administrated 0.4 g moxifloxacin intravenously, once a day, took the same medicine orally when the symptoms were improved, with total treatment course of 8~12 d; and the control group(n=31) was administrated 2.0 g cefotiam intravenously, twice a day, with total treatment course of 10~14 d. The efficacy of two groups was compared. Results: The clinical curative effect rates of moxifloxacin and cefotiam were 93.5% and 71.0%, the bacterial clearance rates were 94.7% and 61.1%, respectively; moxifloxacin was better than cefotiam in clinical curative effect(P<0.05). Conclusion: The anti-infection function of moxifloxacin sequential therapy was effective, meanwhile, with high bacterial clearance rate and clinical value.
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  Association between pulse wave velocity and the Framingham risk score in patients with different glucose metabolism status

  ZHANG Qian1，FU Qiang2，WEI Peng2，ZHONG Jian1，ZHU Ke2

  2014, 24(02): 145-148,152.

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  Objective: To investigate the relationship between different glucose metabolism status and pulse wave velocity(PWV)，and to further explore PWV with the Framingham risk score(FRS) of 10-year as predictors of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Methods: A total of 105 subjects were divided into three groups：normal glucose tolerance group(G1,n=47);prediabetes group(G2,n=32)，and type 2 diabetes mellitus group(G3，n=26)．General clinical data of subjects in each group were collected，and biochemical parameters were measured.PWV was measured using the Complior SP(pulse wave velocity determinator).FRS was calculated with the lipids excel spreadsheets from Framingham Heart Study homepage.The correlation of different glucose metabolism status ,PWV and FRS in different groups was analyzed and compared. Results: A positive correlation was found between carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity(cf-PWV) and impaired glucose regulation,age,SBP，2hPG, carotid-to-radial pulse wave velocity （cr-PWV）.A negative correlation was also evident between cf-PWV and fasting insulin /fasting C-peptide(FIN/Cp). A correlation was found between cr-PWV and sex, or HDL-C(negative). A correlation was also found between FRS and cf-PWV，or FIN/Cp，or Homa-IR(Cp). Conclusion: cf-PWV has a good clinical value as a vascular structure and function indicator for evaluating the 10year risk of CVD.
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  In vitro evaluation of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions

  CHU Ting, KONG Fan-zhi, JIANG Yu-feng, DING Sheng-ping, SUN Hongtao, QIU Chen-guang

  2014, 24(02): 149-152.

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  Objective: To evaluate the effect of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions. Methods: Aritificial enamel caries lesions were divided into four groups (n=15), group A, immersed in artificial saliva; group B, daily 0.05% fluoride solution; group C, resin infiltration; group D, resin infiltration + daily 0.05% fluoride solution. The specimens were kept in artificial saliva and evaluated for vickers hardness number (VHN) at four points: before treatment, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, and demineralization. Results: In group A, the VHN of 4 weeks after treament was higher than before treatment, while there was no difference between 4 weeks  and 8 weeks after treament. In group B, the VHN showed no differences between 4 weeks , 8 weeks and demineralization. In group C, compared with demineralization, the VHN of 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment were markedly decreased. The Group C had a lower VHN after demineralization than 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment. After 4 and 8 weeks treatment, the VHN from group C and D were higher than group A and B,respectively, while there was no difference in VHN between group C and D. Group D showed the highest VHN after demineralization, while group A showed the lowest. Conclusion: The VHN of carious lesions increased with the infiltration of resin with or without fluoride therapy, but the infiltration technique alone had a weaker effect on antidemineralization than the infiltration technique with fluoride therapy.
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  In vitro evaluation of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions

  CHU Ting, KONG Fan-zhi, JIANG Yu-feng, DING Sheng-ping, SUN Hongtao, QIU Chen-guang

  2014, 24(02): 149-152.

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  Objective: To evaluate the effect of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions. Methods: Aritificial enamel caries lesions were divided into four groups (n=15), group A, immersed in artificial saliva; group B, daily 0.05% fluoride solution; group C, resin infiltration; group D, resin infiltration + daily 0.05% fluoride solution. The specimens were kept in artificial saliva and evaluated for vickers hardness number (VHN) at four points: before treatment, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, and demineralization. Results: In group A, the VHN of 4 weeks after treament was higher than before treatment, while there was no difference between 4 weeks  and 8 weeks after treament. In group B, the VHN showed no differences between 4 weeks , 8 weeks and demineralization. In group C, compared with demineralization, the VHN of 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment were markedly decreased. The Group C had a lower VHN after demineralization than 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment. After 4 and 8 weeks treatment, the VHN from group C and D were higher than group A and B,respectively, while there was no difference in VHN between group C and D. Group D showed the highest VHN after demineralization, while group A showed the lowest. Conclusion: The VHN of carious lesions increased with the infiltration of resin with or without fluoride therapy, but the infiltration technique alone had a weaker effect on antidemineralization than the infiltration technique with fluoride therapy.
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  In vitro evaluation of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions

  CHU Ting, KONG Fan-zhi, JIANG Yu-feng, DING Sheng-ping, SUN Hongtao, QIU Chen-guang

  2014, 24(02): 149-152.

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  Objective: To evaluate the effect of the infiltration technique with or without fluoride therapy on the microhardness of enamel carious lesions. Methods: Aritificial enamel caries lesions were divided into four groups (n=15), group A, immersed in artificial saliva; group B, daily 0.05% fluoride solution; group C, resin infiltration; group D, resin infiltration + daily 0.05% fluoride solution. The specimens were kept in artificial saliva and evaluated for vickers hardness number (VHN) at four points: before treatment, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, and demineralization. Results: In group A, the VHN of 4 weeks after treament was higher than before treatment, while there was no difference between 4 weeks  and 8 weeks after treament. In group B, the VHN showed no differences between 4 weeks , 8 weeks and demineralization. In group C, compared with demineralization, the VHN of 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment were markedly decreased. The Group C had a lower VHN after demineralization than 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment. After 4 and 8 weeks treatment, the VHN from group C and D were higher than group A and B,respectively, while there was no difference in VHN between group C and D. Group D showed the highest VHN after demineralization, while group A showed the lowest. Conclusion: The VHN of carious lesions increased with the infiltration of resin with or without fluoride therapy, but the infiltration technique alone had a weaker effect on antidemineralization than the infiltration technique with fluoride therapy.
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  Clinical application and efficacy of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper

  WANG Qiang, ZHU Xiao-bo, WU Wei-min, JIANG Min-yan, ZHANG Jian-ping

  2014, 24(02): 153-157,159.

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  Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical effect of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper on pneumothorax. Methods: A total of 32 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and 80 patients with trauma pneumothorax were randomly divided into four groups of closed pleural drainages including group A,treated with the new chest tube;group B,treated with ordinary tube;group C,treated with double airbag closed pleural drainage and group D,treated with small central venous catheter with side holes. The effect and complications were observed. Results: The operating time （min） of group A to D were 11.1±1.8, 20.7±3.9, 20.3±3.5, 11.9±2.0. The recover days of group A to D were 5.8±2.2, 8.1±5.4, 7.7±5.9, 8.0±4.6. According to subcutaneous emphysema, tube end skidded off the chest, catheter blocking and lung repair surgery, there were 0 case, 0 case, 0 case,and 3 cases in group A;12 cases, 4 cases, 0 case, and 4 cases in group B；3 cases, 1 case, 2 cases, and 5 cases in group C; 5 cases, 4 cases, 5 cases, and 7 cases in group D. Compared to the index of other groups, some corresponding indexes of group A were statistically significant difference(P＜0.05). Conclusion: It was less complication to treat pneumothorax with new type of chest tube with special balloon and stopper.
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  Clinical application and efficacy of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper

  WANG Qiang, ZHU Xiao-bo, WU Wei-min, JIANG Min-yan, ZHANG Jian-ping

  2014, 24(02): 153-157,159.

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  Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical effect of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper on pneumothorax. Methods: A total of 32 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and 80 patients with trauma pneumothorax were randomly divided into four groups of closed pleural drainages including group A,treated with the new chest tube;group B,treated with ordinary tube;group C,treated with double airbag closed pleural drainage and group D,treated with small central venous catheter with side holes. The effect and complications were observed. Results: The operating time （min） of group A to D were 11.1±1.8, 20.7±3.9, 20.3±3.5, 11.9±2.0. The recover days of group A to D were 5.8±2.2, 8.1±5.4, 7.7±5.9, 8.0±4.6. According to subcutaneous emphysema, tube end skidded off the chest, catheter blocking and lung repair surgery, there were 0 case, 0 case, 0 case,and 3 cases in group A;12 cases, 4 cases, 0 case, and 4 cases in group B；3 cases, 1 case, 2 cases, and 5 cases in group C; 5 cases, 4 cases, 5 cases, and 7 cases in group D. Compared to the index of other groups, some corresponding indexes of group A were statistically significant difference(P＜0.05). Conclusion: It was less complication to treat pneumothorax with new type of chest tube with special balloon and stopper.
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   Response to bronchodilator in patients with different severity chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

  WANG Yuan-zheng

  2014, 24(02): 156-159.

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  Objective: To evaluate the differences of flow and volume responses in patients with mild to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in bronchodilatation test. Methods: The different changes of forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1）and forced vital capacity（FVC） in 220 patients over sixtyyearold with mild to very severe COPD (GOLD stageⅠⅣ) were analyzed retrospectively after inhaling salbutamol. Results: After inhaling β2 agonist, FEV1 and FVC of the patients with COPD at stageⅠⅣ increased remarkably, there were significant differences in the changes of FEV1 and FVC between patients with COPD compared with before treatment (P<0.01)．ΔFEV1 at stage ⅠⅡpatients with COPD increased more obviously than stage ⅢⅣ patients with COPD (P<0.01); on the contrary,ΔFVC at stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients with COPD improved more markedly than stage ⅠⅡ patients with COPD (P<0.01). Conclusion: There were differences between postbronchodilator flow and volume responses in patients with COPD at different stage．The reversibility of stage ⅠⅡ patients with COPD could be evaluated by FEV1, while stage ⅢⅣ patients with COPD could be evaluated by FVC.