目的:  分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS）患儿龋齿的发生率及不同程度OSAHS患儿血清食欲素A浓度。方法： 经多导睡眠监测确诊的167例OSAHS患儿为病例组，90例体检健康儿童为对照组。经口腔专科检查评估有无龋齿，比较两组的龋齿发生率；按呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）和最低血氧饱和度（LSaO2）将OSAHS患儿分为轻度组（5次/h≤AHI＜10次/h，0.85≤LSaO2＜0.91，n=89），中度组（10次/h≤AHI<20次/h，0.75≤LSaO2≤0.84，n=71），重度组（AHI≥20次/h，LSaO2<0.75,n=7），比较3组OSAHS患儿龋齿的发生率；采用竞争酶联免疫分析(EIA)法测定3组OSAHS患儿血清食欲素A浓度，对OSAHS患儿病情轻重程度与血清食欲素A浓度进行相关性分析。结果： OSAHS组患儿龋齿发生率为64.67%（108/167），明显高于对照组［51.11%（46/90）， χ2=3.930 6，P＜0.05］。轻度、中度以及重度OSAHS患儿龋齿发生率分别为 67.42%(60/89)、66.20%(47/71)、14.29%(1/7),3组间差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.144，P＜0.05）；轻、中和重度OSAHS患儿血清食欲素A浓度分别为（0.27±0.04），（0.41±0.07），（0.52±0.06）μg/mL，差异有统计学意义（F＝114.22，P＜0.01）。Spearman相关分析显示，OSAHS睡眠障碍程度与血清食欲素A浓度存在正相关。结论： OSAHS患儿龋齿的发生率明显增加，睡眠障碍程度与血清食欲素A浓度存在正相关。

Objective:  To explore the incidence of dental caries in the children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and the changes of serum orexinA in the different degrees OSAHS children. Methods: A total of 167 children with OSAHS diagnosed by the polysomnography(PSG) were selected as the research group.Another 90 healthy children were as the normal control group. Both of the two groups were examined by dentist，and the incidence of dental caries of the two groups was compared. According to the apnea hypopnea index(AHI) and LSaO2, the OSAHS group was divided into mild group（5 times/h≤AHI<10 times/h，0.85≤LSaO2<0.91,n=89），moderate group（10 times/h≤AHI＜20 times/h,0.75≤LSaO2≤0.84,n=71），and severe group（AHI≥20 times/h，LSaO2<0.75,n=7）, and competitive enzyme immunoassay analysis(EIA) was used to determine the serum orexinA level of the OSAHS children,and also the serum orexinA levels of different degree OSAHS children were compared. Correlation of orexinA levels,the degree of the OSAHS and the incidence of dental caries were analyzed.Results: The incidence of dental caries of the OSAHS group was 64.67%(108/167), and the controls group was 51.11%(46/90), and the difference of the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=3.930 6,P＜0.05).Among of OSAHS children, the incidence of dental caries of the the mild was 67.42%(60/89),of the the moderate was 66.20%(47/71), of the the severe was 14.29%(1/7);and the incidences of dental caries of the different degree of OSAHS was statistically significant different(χ2=8.144,P＜0.05).There was statistically significant difference of serum orexinA level among the different degrees of OSAHS children(F=114.22,P＜0.01), and serum orexinA level and the degree of OSAHS were significant correlated.Conclusion: Compared with the control group, the incidence of dental caries in OSAHS group is obviously increased,the incidences of dental caries of the mild and the moderate were higher than that of the severe;the level of serum orexinA and the degree of OSAHS were positively correlated.