Abstract:Objective: To analyze the correlation between serum galectin-3 (Gal-3) with heart function, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Btype natriuretic peptide (BNP) in chronic heart failure (CHF), and evaluate the value of Gal3 in diagnosis of CHF. Methods: A total of 200 patients with CHF were divided into three groups according to their heart function: NYHA class Ⅱ, class Ⅲ and class Ⅳ; and 200 normal subjects enrolled as control group. Clinic parameters, including triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine(SCr), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), BNP and Gal3 were determined and echocardiography was tested for each participant. Results: Compared with control group, Gal3 levels in CHF group were significantly elevated \[(34.88±11.86)μg/L vs.(15.67±6.20) μg/L, P<0.01\]. With the deterioration of NYHA heart function in CHF group, concentration of serum Gal-3 increased gradually(P<0.01). The correlation analysis showed that the serum Gal-3 concentration was positively related to BNP (r=0.504,P<0.01), NYHA heart function (r=0.756,P<0.01) and negatively related to LVEF (r=-0.678, P<0.01). The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that Gal-3 could be a predictor of CHF with an area under the curve (AUC) 0.792 (P<0.01) and the cutoff point for Gal3 was 18 μg/L. Conclusion: The serum Gal-3 concentration in CHF group was significantly elevated, positively related to NYHA heart function and could be used as diagnostic criteria of CHF.
[1]Henderson NC, Sethi T. The regulation of inflammation by galectin3\[J\]. Immunol Rev, 2009,230(1):160-171.[2]Liu FT, Rabinovich GA. Galectins as modulators of tumour progression\[J\]. Nat Rev Cancer,2005,5(1): 29-41.[3]Falcone C, Luclbello S, Mazzuchelli I, et al. Galectin3 plasma levels and coronary artery disease: a new possible biomarker of acute coronary syndrome \[J\]. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol, 2011, 24(4):905-913.[4]Pugliese G, Pricci F, Leto G, et al. The diabetic milieu modulates the advanced glycation end productreceptor complex in the mesangium by inducing or upregulation galectin3 expression\[J\]. Diabetes,2000,49(7):1249-1257.[5]Henderson NC, Mackinnon AC, Farnworth SL, et al. Galectin3 regulates myofibroblast activation and hepatic fibrosis \[J\]. PNAS, 2006, 103(13): 5060-5065.[6]de Boer RA, Voors AA, Muntendam P, et al. Galectin3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression \[J\]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2009, 11(9):811-817.[7]Travers JG, Kamal FA, Robbins J, et al. Cardiac fibrosis: The fibroblast awakens\[J\]. Circ Res,2016,118(6):1021-1040.[8]中华医学会心血管病学分会.中国心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南2014\[J\].中华心血管病杂志,2014,4(2):98-122.[9]Malhotra R, Bakken K, D’Elia E, et al. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in heart failure\[J\]. JACC Heart Fail, 2016, 4(8):607-616.[10]Troughton R, Michael Felker G, Januzzi JL Jr. Natriuretic peptideguided heart failure management\[J\]. Eur Heart J, 2014,35(1):16-24.[11]Wang L, Friess H, Zhu Z, et al. Galectin1 and galectin3 in chronic pancreatitis\[J\]. Lab Invest,2000, 80(8):1233-1241.[12]Nishi Y, Sano H, Kawashima T, et al. Role of galectin3 in human pulmonary fibrosis\[J\]. Allergol Int, 2007, 56(1):57-65.[13]Sharma UC, Pokharel S, van Barkel TJ, et al. Galectin3 marks activated macrophages in failureprone hypertrophied hearts and contributes to cardiac dysfunction\[J\]. Circulation, 2004, 110(19):3121-3128.[14]Yu L, Ruifrok WP, Meissner M, et al. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of galectin3 prevents cardiac remodeling by interfering with myocardial fibrogenesis\[J\]. Circ Heart Fail, 2013, 6(1):107-117.[15]van Kimmenade RR, Januzzi JL, Ellinor PT, et al. Utility of aminoterminal probrain natriuretic peptide, galectin3, and apelin for the evalution of patients with acute heart failure\[J\]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2006,48(6):1217-1224.[16]Lok DJ, Lok SI, BrugginkAndré de la Porte PW, et al. Galectin3 is an independent marker for ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure\[J\]. Clin Res Cardiol,2013, 102(2):103-110.[17]Yao Y, Shen D, Chen R, et al. Galectin3 predicts left ventricular remodeling of hypertension\[J\]. J Clin Hypertens, 2016,18(6):506-511.[18]EudeLe Parco, Gendronneau G, Dang T, et al. Genetic assessment of the importance of galectin3 in cancer initiation, progression, and dissemination in mice\[J\]. Glycobiology, 2009, 19(1): 68-75.