For Karl Marx, the traditional responsible government is not only the realistic source of its responsible government thought, but the historical reference as well. This led to the existence of two responsible governments in the his world, namely the bourgeois government with hypocritical responsibility and the proletarian government with true responsibility. If we want to understand his responsible government thought, we must be based on historical materialism: First, only through the historical changes of modern production methods can we reveal the material basis of the traditional responsible government; Second, if we can sneak to the historical starting point of how the traditional responsible government is established: the political emancipation of the bourgeoisie and its inherent structural contradictions, we can reveal the essence of the traditional responsible governments hypocritical responsibility system; Third, only through the interpretation of such dimensions as the class attribute of the true responsibility system, revolutionary creation, institutional norms and historical mission can we open up the profound implication of Marxs responsible government thoughts.