In the study of modernization, we should combine the paradigm of modernization with that of revolution, for the former does not deny the role of revolutionary forces, the history of modernization includes the history of revolution, and the dynamic role of revolution in modernization can be better understood through the comparison between China and Japan. The combination of the two paradigms with comparison paradigm gives birth to the  paradigm of comparative study of modernization.The motive force of the modernization of China and Japan was the peoples struggle, mainly the peasant revolution against imperialism and feudalism.In modern history, the revolutionary pattern in both countries was mainly peasant land revolution, a bourgeois revolution in nature.The revolution in Japan at the end of the shogunate and in the Meiji Restoration had this shape and character, but the peasant movements such as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the late Qing Dynasty did not have such a form and nature while the new democratic revolution had such a shape and nature,showing that Japans modernization was faster than Chinas.When studying the history of modernization of China and Japan,we should fully affirm the dynamic role of revolution in modernization and combat the historical nihilism that negated the violent revolution.