JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL ELECTROCARDIOLOGY

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JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL ELECTROCARDIOLOGY

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JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL ELECTROCARDIOLOGY

	2024 Vol.33 Issue.2 Published 2024-04-22

	105


		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 105-105 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 133726KB] ( 35 )

	107


		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 107-107 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 21077KB] ( 29 )

	108


		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 108-108 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 856KB] ( 29 )

	109	Influence of pulmonary vein anatomical variations on cryoablation efficacy in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation

		Objective To evaluate the impact of pulmonary vein anatomical variations on the efficacy of cryoablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 98 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who had undergone cryoballoon ablation. According to the presence or absence of pulmonary vein variations, they were divided into pulmonary vein variation group (variants group, 21 cases) and non-pulmonary vein variation group (normal group, 77 cases). The procedure time, duration and dose of X-ray exposure, intraoperative complications, procedure success rate of isolation, and each follow-up index were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the normal group, the ablation procedure time\[(35.1±13.4) min vs. (64.3±17.7) min] and X-ray exposure time [(22.3±5.8) min vs. (33.6±6.0) min] of the variants group were both longer (P<0.01) while the CD value of radiation exposure [(607.1±212.9) mGy vs. (1 018.5±280.8) mGy] significantly increased (P<0.01). In the normal group, the success rate of primary isolation was significantly higher than that in the variants group (75/77 vs. 16/21, P=0.01). However, both groups completed pulmonary vein isolation 100% at the end of procedure. The recurrence rate of the two groups did not vary significantly during one-year follow-up (19/77 vs. 6/21, P=0.726). Conclusion For patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and pulmonary vein variations, the acute-stage and long-term success rates of cryoablation are similar to the rates in the patients without pulmonary vein variation. However, patients with pulmonary vein variations have prolonged procedure time and increased radiation exposure.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 109-113 [Abstract] ( 4 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1014KB] ( 33 )

	114	Feasibility study of secondgeneration cryoballoon ablation as initial treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
		郭红婧，罗凡，滕传珍，张晓川，庞占琪
		Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of secondgeneration cryoballoon ablation and conventional drug therapy separately as the initial treatment for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods We selected 44 patients with paroxysmal AF who had been initially treated by secondgeneration cryoballoon ablation as the ablation group. The operation time, ablation time, X-ray fluoroscopy time, pulmonary vein isolation rate, and surgical complications were observed. We selected another 44 inpatients with paroxysmal AF who had been initially treated by drug therapy during the same period as the medication group. The two groups were followed up separately one month, and 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge to observe the recurrence rate and complications of AF. The efficacy and safety of treatment were further compared between the two groups. Results The operation time, ablation time and X-ray fluoroscopy time of the ablation group were (108.0±39.0) minutes, (35.0±11.7) minutes and (10.0±6.9) minutes, respectively; the immediate isolation rate of pulmonary vein was 100%; there were 3 cases (6.8%) of operationrelated complications, including one case of vagus reflex and 2 cases of transient phrenic nerve injury. In the medication group, drug-induced sinus bradycardia occurred in 2 cases, QTc was prolonged in one case, and thyroid function was decreased in one case. After a mean follow-up of (12.0±5.) months, the recurrence rate of AF was 11.4% in the ablation group while the rate was 20.5% in the medication group. The recurrence rate in the ablation group was significantly lower than that in the medication group (P=0.033). The incidence of complications or adverse reactions did not vary significantly from the ablation group to the medication group (6.8% vs 9.1%, P=0.108). Conclusion Compared with drug therapy, the secondgeneration cryoballoon ablation has a higher success rate for paroxysmal AF without increased risk of complications. The secondgeneration cryoballoon ablation can be considered as one of the initial treatment strategies for paroxysmal AF.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 114-117 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 955KB] ( 29 )

	118	Clinical significance of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography in patients with pacemaker implantation
		刘沛，范楠楠
		Objective To investigate the clinical significance of 24hour ambulatory electrocardiography (AECG) in patients with pacemaker implantation. Methods A total of 65 patients with pacemaker implantation were selected as research subjects, and all of them both underwent routine 12 lead electrocardiogram(ECG) and 24hour AECG. The detection rates of pacemaker dysfunction \[abnormal pacing, and abnormal perception (absence of atrial perception, atrial over perception, absence of ventricular perception and ventricular over perception)\], special functions of pacemaker (pacing mode switching, frequency response, frequency lag, dynamic threshold monitoring and ventricular pacing management), self arrhythmias (atrial tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrial premature beats and premature ventricular beats), and pacemaker mediated arrhythmias (atrioventricular block, pacemaker mediated tachycardia, rapid rate and ventricular escape) separately by the two examination methods were compared. Results By using 24hour AECG, the detection rates of pacemaker dysfunction and abnormal perception, and special functions of pacemaker such as pacing mode switching and frequency response were all significantly higher than those of routine ECG (P<0.05). The detection rates of self arrhythmias and pacemaker mediated arrhythmias were also significantly higher than those of routine ECG (P<0.05). Conclusion The 24-hour AECG examination could effectively detect the working state of pacemaker in patients implanted with pacemaker, and sensitively make judgment of pacemaker dysfunction and cardiovascular events such as arrhythmias.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 118-121 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 947KB] ( 29 )

	122	Diagnostic value of Peguero-Lo Presti index on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
		陈乐昀，游濠乐，郑炜平
		Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Peguero-Lo Presti index on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods We selected patients with clinical symptoms of heart failure (HF) who had been hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology of Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University; their clinical data were complete, including ECGs, cardiac ultrasound, biochemistry, and NT-proBNP. Based on the HFA-PEFF score standard recommended by the Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic HF, 120 patients were enrolled in the HFpEF group (60 males and 60 females) while 100 cases without HF were divided into the control group (56 males and 44 females). The baseline data characteristics were compared between the two groups. Peguero-Lo Presti index, Cornell product index, and RomhiltEstes score were separately calculated and analyzed in the standard 12lead ECGs. We compared the area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity of the above three indicators for diagnosing HFpEF. Results Compared with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in the baseline data such as sex, age, diabetes proportion, coronary heart disease, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum creatinine in the HFpEF group (P>0.05); the proportion of hypertension, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and hyperuricemia increased (P<0.05). In the male subgroup, the area under the ROC curve of the Peguero-Lo Presti index was 0.84 (0.76, 0.90), which was higher than that of the Cornell product index \[0.70 (0.61, 0.78)\] and that of the Romhilt-Estes score[0.62 (0.53, 0.71)\ (all P<0.05). The sensitivity of the PegueroLo Presti index was 6667%, which was higher than that of the Romhilt-Estes score (36.57%) and that of the Cornell product index (48.33%), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) while the difference of specificity was not statistically significant. In the female subgroup, the area under the ROC curve of the Peguero-Lo Presti index was 0.77 (0.69, 0.85), which was higher than that of the Cornell product index [0.68 (0.58, 0.77)] and that of the Romhilt-Estes score [0.57(0.47, 0.66)， all P<0.05］. The sensitivity of the Peguero-Lo Presti index was 68.33%, which was higher than that of the Romhilt-Estes score (26.67%), with statistically significant difference (P<0.01) while the difference of specificity was not statistically significant. Conclusion The Peguero-Lo Presti index of ECG has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing HFpEF. The examination method is convenient, and could be used as an auxiliary diagnosis and screening index for HFpEF clinically.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 122-127 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1176KB] ( 32 )

	128	Correlation analysis and clinical significance of serum CK-MB, Hcy, BNP and the severity of acute myocardial infarction
		李佳星，杨保同，刘亚林
		Objective To investigate the changes of serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), homocysteine (Hcy) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to analyze their correlation with the severity of the disease and their predictive value on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods A total of 102 patients with AMI were selected as the research group while another 102 healthy physical examinees during the same period were selected as the control group. The changes of serum CK-MB, Hcy and BNP levels were compared separately between different groups and among the enrolled patients with different numbers of coronary lesions. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between serum indicators and the number of coronary lesions or Gensini score. Patients in the research group were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). They were divided into subgroups with or without MACEs according to the presence or absence of MACEs 6 months after the surgery. The serum CK-MB, Hcy and BNP levels were analyzed in each group before PCI and one month after the surgery. The predictive value of each serum indicator level one month after operation on MACEs was analyzed by using ROC curve. ResultsThe serum levels of CK-MB, Hcy and BNP in the research group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01); serum CK-MB, Hcy and BNP levels were positively correlated with the number of coronary lesions and Gensini score (P<0.05). One month after surgery, the serum CK-MB, Hcy and BNP levels of the patients with MACEs were higher than those of the patients without MACEs (P<0.05). The AUC value of the combination of serum CK-MB, Hcy and BNP levels one month after surgery for MACEs was 0.943, which was higher than the AUC value of single indicator (0.769, 0.847 and 0.794, respectively;P<0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of CK-MB, Hcy and BNP in AMI patients are elevated, which are closely related to the severity of the disease. The combined detection of the above serum indicators has certain predictive value for the occurrence of MACEs.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 128-132 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1504KB] ( 41 )

	133	ECG characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS among Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
		庞磊，吴文英，黄妹青，邵宏华
		Objective To analyze the ECG characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region so as to provide clinical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of population. Methods We selected 200 cases infected with HIV and 200 AIDS patients from inhabitants of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region who had been hospitalized in our hospital, separately as infection group and patient group. In addition, 200 healthy physical examinees during the same time period were selected as control group. Routine 12-lead ECG detection was performed on the three groups of research subjects. We compared active arrhythmia, passive arrhythmia, ST-T changes, QT interval/QTc prolongation and other abnormal ECG changes. Results In the infection group and the patient group, the incidences of active arrhythmias, passive arrhythmias, QT interval/QTc prolongation were all significantly higher than those in the control group. The incidences of the above three abnormal ECG changes in the patient group were also significantly higher than those in the infection group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Abnormal ECG changes are more common among patients with HIV infection and AIDS in Guangxi Zhuang population, mainly arrhythmias, ST-T changes and QT interval/QTc prolongation. Clinicians need to pay close attention to abnormal ECG changes of patients with HIV infection and AIDS patients among these population in order to prevent adverse cardiac events.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 133-136 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 958KB] ( 35 )

	137	Value of arteriosclerosis index combined with pulse pressure index in predicting degree of coronary artery lesions in patients with coronary heart disease
		高亚萍，张政，王娇
		Objective To analyze the value of arteriosclerosis index combined with pulse pressure index in predicting the degree of coronary artery lesions in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Seventy-two patients with CHD were selected, and divided into singlebranch group (21 cases), double-branches group (34 cases) and threebranches group (17 cases) according to the number of lesioned coronary arteries. Arteriosclerosis index and pulse pressure index were compared among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the indexes and the degree of coronary artery lesions. ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of the combined index. Results The arteriosclerosis index and Gensini score of the threebranches group were higher than those of the other two groups, and the pulse pressure index was higher than that of the singlebranch group. Arteriosclerosis index and Gensini score in the doublebranches group were higher than those in the singlebranch group (P<0.05). The arteriosclerosis index and pulse pressure index were both positively correlated with Gensini score. ROC curve was drawn taking the double and threebranches groups as a whole and the singlebranch group as the control. The results showed that arteriosclerosis index and pulse pressure index had certain predictive value for the degree of coronary artery disease in patients with CHD (AUC=0.897 and 0.697,respectively), and the combined detection had greater predictive value (AUC=0.924). Conclusion Arteriosclerosis index and pulse pressure index are closely related to the degree of coronary artery disease in patients with CHD. The combined detection of the two indexes has greater predictive value for the degree of coronary artery disease.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 137-140 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1631KB] ( 30 )

	141	Principles and clinical applications of CR lead ECGs
		景永明，申继红，黄训华，李世锋，樊好义
		Objective To explore the principles and clinical applications of CR lead ECGs. Methods The CR lead system is a bipolar chest lead system with a common negative electrode. The right upper limb (R) is its common negative electrode, the positive electrode is a point on the chest (C), and each point of V leads were multiply chosen. We can obtain CR lead ECGs by the following two methods. The first method is to make direct acquisition by a conventional ECG machine, with all four limb electrodes connected to the right upper limb and the chest lead electrode connected normally. The second method is to obtain CR lead ECGs through lead conversion based on conventional ECG data. First, the original data of leads such as aVR, V1-V6, V3R-V5R and V7-V9 were retrieved, and then a fixed conversion coefficient CR-Vi=Vi－2/3aVR was used to calculate the target lead (the algorithm was implemented under the compiling environment of Pycharm in Python language); finally, the conversion is completed and plotted. ResultsBoth the direct acquisition method and the conversion method obtained the same CR lead ECGs. However, compared with the corresponding Wilson lead ECG, CR lead ECG in the left chest lead had a similar morphology but slightly great wave amplitudes while CR lead ECG in the right chest lead had similar wave amplitudes but distinctly different wave morphology. The CR lead ECG in the right chest lead had a clear P wave, an upward QRS complex with no wide or deep Q wave, and an upright T wave. Wilson lead ECG had a lower P wave, a downward QRS complex, and could exhibit noninfarctionrelated wide and deep Q waves and nonischemic T wave inversion, known as the socalled right ventricular blind zone. Conclusion CR lead ECG opens up the right ventricular blind zone, and achieves equal detection of the left and right ventricles, providing more valuable ECG morphological information for clinical practice and compensating for the limitations of the Wilson chest lead system. It is worthy of being promoted and popularized.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 141-150 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 23334KB] ( 47 )

	151	Significance of standard operation of ECG examination for ECG quality control of remote ECG network
		曹友钰，何建萍，付颖文，耿旭红，王珂，杨莹
		Objective To investigate the importance of standard operation of ECG examination for quality control of remote ECG network. Methods We analyzed ECGs transmitted through the network from January 1,2022 to June 30,2023 at the ECG Network Center of the First People’s Hospital of Xianyang. During the time period, we took every six months as a stage, and performed targeted operation training of ECG examination at each stage. We compared the graphic quality problems and the number of ECGs with quality problems among different stages. Results After regular ECG operation training for clinical medical staff and instrument maintenance, the quality of ECG graphics has been greatly improved. Conclusion Standard operation of remote ECG network directly affects the diagnostic accuracy of ECGs. Regular standardized training of ECG operation for clinical medical staff could improve the accuracy of ECG examination results, and avoid the occurrence of medical adverse events.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 151-153 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 969KB] ( 27 )

	154	Practical skills of using handheld ECG collector
		景永明，荆凡釿，黄训华，樊好义
		Handheld ECG collector is a simple bipolar singlelead ECG recording device. A standard Ⅰlead ECG can be conveniently recorded just by pressing the positive and negative electrodes with both thumbs. It is mainly utilized in the monitoring of arrhythmias. As a household medical equipment, it is quite popular with the majority of middleaged and elderly friends. Based on the nature of unipolar and bipolar leads, and their intrinsic connection, this paper derives a recording method of standard leads and augmented unipolar leads. Meanwhile, on the basis of further exploring the internal connection between CR lead and Wilson lead, the method of directly recording CR chest lead ECGs by handheld ECG collector is creatively proposed. Both theory and practice show that the equivalent recording method of augmented unipolar limb lead and the bipolar recording method of CR chest lead can not only meet the clinical needs, but also prove to be unique. This method can fully develop the medical value of household medical devices, which is worthy of be promoted and popularized.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 154-157 [Abstract] ( 4 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6110KB] ( 28 )

	158	Understandings of tachyarrhythmia other than atrial fibrillation
		廖欢燕，程思源，韩宇臣，李琰，李峰，汪雪松，牛海涛，卢喜烈，李自成，姚焰，郭军
		In the past, it has been generally accepted that tachyarrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation (AF) such as atrial premature beats (APB) and atrial tachycardia (AT) are not of great clinical significance. However, with the development of detection methods in recent years, more and more clinical studies have found that the atrial ectopic activities of APB and AT except for AF are associated with the risk of stroke, and may further contribute to increased mortality. Meanwhile, a positive association has also been revealed between the frequency of this kind of atrial yarrhythmias, and incidence of adverse events such as AF and ischemic stroke, which may be mediated by subclinical atrial cardiomyopathy. There is still no clear definition of the clinical threshold for this type of arrhythmia and its excessive supraventricular ectopic activities at present. Therefore, it is essential to make regular detection and management of tachyarrhythmia other than AF by means such as ambulatory electrocardiography and by following standardized process. This article describes the relationship between such atrial arrhythmias and cardiogenic stroke, and introduces the role of detecting such arrhythmias in the assessment of cardiogenic stroke.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 158-165 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3397KB] ( 35 )

	166	Progress of prediction and early diagnosis of cancer therapyrelated cardiovascular toxicity
		彭佳，白芳，林燕青，罗安果，尹立雪
		Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, and a quarter of global cancerrelated deaths occur in China. At present, cardiovascular disease has emerged as the second most common cause of death among cancer survivors subsequent to cancer recurrence and metastasis. Accurate prediction and early diagnosis of potential cardiovascular toxicity during cancer treatment could not only optimize patients clinical outcomes but also could alleviate the burden on the healthcare system. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent research pertaining to predicting and early diagnosing cancer therapyrelated cardiovascular toxicity, offering valuable insights into identifying highrisk patients.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 166-174 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1115KB] ( 24 )

	175	Research progress of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis hypertension
		杨坤，张桂霞
		More and more patients with renal artery stenosis (RAS) have been found in the clinical practice of cardiovascular disease. RAS is an important cause of hypertension and(or) renal insufficiency, and its main cause is atherosclerosis. In China, with aging of population, among the patients with coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease, those with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) have been constantly increasing. ARAS is one of the important causes of secondary hypertension. If ARAS patients can be found in an early phase, and made correction, diagnosis, treatment and effective intervention, it will be of positive significance for them to control blood pressure and improve the quality of life. This review focuses on the epidemiology for ARAS, the relationship between ARAS and hypertension, the diagnostic clues for ARAS, and its examination methods and treatment.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 175-180 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1054KB] ( 28 )

	181	Clinical research status and application progress of deceleration capacity of rate
		余开创，张舒媚，温伟谊
		Deceleration capacity of rate (DC) is one of the indicators reflecting the function of autonomic nervous regulation. Due to its noninvasiveness, and high sensitivity and specificity, it had been widely used in the prognosis and sudden death risk assessment of cardiovascular diseases at present. In recent years, domestic and foreign researchers have applied DC detection to research related to diseases other than heart diseases, and have made great progress. This article reviews the clinical research progress related to DC at home and abroad, aiming to further comprehensively and systematically sort out the clinical application value and potential of DC.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 181-185 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 986KB] ( 36 )

	181	Application of artificial intelligence-based wearable devices in screening atrial fibrillation
		穆耶赛尔·麦麦提明，刘惠娟，王芳丽，冯艳
		Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and may easily lead to various complications. Therefore, precision medical methods are needed to identify and enhance AF detection to achieve early diagnosis and treatment. Artificial intelligencebased wearable devices are of great value for the screening and management of AF patients. This article reviews the relevant literature on recent applications of such devices for AF screening.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 181-194 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 961KB] ( 22 )

	186	Research progress of artificial intelligence-based screening and management of atrial fibrillation
		王芳丽，穆耶赛尔·麦麦提明，冯艳
		Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias. It is characterized by concealment, paroxysmal nature, complexity, and high mortality and disability rate; the prevalence rate of AF is on the rise. The new emergence of artificial intelligence technology breaks through the limitations of traditional methods of AF screening, showing unique advantages and broad application prospects in the screening, diagnosis and prediction of AF. Intelligent wearable devices have higher feasibility, specificity and sensitivity in the screening of AF, with high cost-effectiveness in clinical application.
		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 186-190 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 996KB] ( 27 )

	195
		陈腾飞，孔巧琼

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 195-196 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6811KB] ( 25 )

	197
		龙佑玲，盛祖桃，张伟，李娟，黄雯，刘明

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 197-201 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 21818KB] ( 34 )

	202
		申红霞，李田田，龙洁

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 202-205 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 23283KB] ( 40 )

	206
		刘惠娟，穆耶赛尔·麦麦提明，冯艳

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 206-209 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11650KB] ( 31 )

	210
		姚远，李一帆，吴宇辉，刘洋

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 210-212 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 9854KB] ( 30 )

	213
		眭慧芳，曾芳，李丽

		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 213-216 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10950KB] ( 32 )

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		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 214-214 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 922KB] ( 36 )

	215


		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 215-215 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 815KB] ( 27 )

	216


		2024 Vol. 33 (2): 216-216 [Abstract] ( 0 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 21077KB] ( 29 )

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