Effect of drip irrigation pattern and irrigation lower limit on yield and quality of cotton
Shen Xiaojun1, Zhang Jiyang1, Sun Jingsheng1, Li Mingsi2, Wang Jinglei1, Liu Hao1
1.Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China; 2.Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
Abstract:To explore the high-quality irrigation index of cotton under drip irrigation, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different irrigation lower limits on seed cotton yield, fiber quality and water use efficiency of cotton under subsurface drip irrigation with film mulching(SSDI)and surface drip irrigation with film mulching(SDI)in Shihezi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The results show that water consumption during squaring stage increases with irrigation lower limit rising, and the water consumption of water deficit treatments during blooming-boll forming stage are lower than control experiment. It is beneficial to improve seed cotton yield under moderate water stress(60% FC)during squaring stage and no water stress(75% FC)during blooming and boll forming stage(SDI-7 and SSDI-7), and comparing to the control treatment, seed cotton yield is improved by 14.48%(SDI-7)and 11.60%(SSDI-7). Water treatments has no obvious influence on lint percentage and uniformity of cotton fiber, and the effect of water stress on length of cotton fiber during squaring stage and blooming-boll forming stage increases with irrigation lower limits decreasing. Mode-rate water stress at squaring stage can increase the breaking tenacity of cotton fiber. Compared with surface drip irrigation under film mulching, subsurface drip irrigation can improve seed cotton yield and irrigation water use efficiency of cotton at the same water treatment. This research suggests that the irrigation model with 30 mm of irrigation water quota and irrigating at lower limits of 60% FC and 75% FC during the squaring stage and flowering-boll forming stage, respectively, can be taken as suitable irrigation index of drip irrigation cotton to save irrigation water, to increase seed cotton yield and to improve cotton fiber quality in Reclamation Area of Shihezi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
申孝军, 张寄阳, 孙景生, 李明思, 王景雷, 刘浩. 灌水模式及下限对滴灌棉花产量和品质的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2014, 32(8): 711-718.
Shen Xiaojun, Zhang Jiyang, Sun Jingsheng, Li Mingsi, Wang Jinglei, Liu Hao. Effect of drip irrigation pattern and irrigation lower limit on yield and quality of cotton. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin, 2014, 32(8): 711-718.
[1]Wang C, Isoda A, Wang P. Growth and yield perfor-mance of some cotton cultivars in Xinjiang, China, an arid area with short growing period[J]. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2004, 190: 177-183.[2]张志刚,曾昭云,杨芳荃,等. 对我国棉花纤维品质的探讨[J]. 作物研究,2002(5):258-261. Zhang Zhigang, Zeng Zhaoyun, Yang Fangquan, et al. Study on fiber quality of cotton in China[J]. Crop Research, 2002(5): 258-261.(in Chinese)[3]Reddy K R, Koti S, Gayle H, et al. Interactive effects of carbon dioxide and nitrogen nutrition on cotton growth, development, yield, and fiber quality[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2004, 96(4): 1148-1157.[4]王允喜,李明思,蓝明菊. 膜下滴灌土壤湿润区对田间棉花根系分布及植株生长的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2011,27(8):31-38. Wang Yunxi, Li Mingsi, Lan Mingju.Effect of soil we-tting pattern on cotton-root distribution and plant growth under plastic mulched drip irrigation in field [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(8): 31-38.(in Chinese)[5]康绍忠,杜太生,孙景生,等. 基于生命需水信息的作物高效节水调控理论与技术[J]. 水利学报,2007,38(6):661-667. Kang Shaozhong, Du Taisheng, Sun Jingsheng, et al. Theory and technology of improving irrigation water use efficiency based on crop growing water demand information[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2007, 38(6): 661-667.(in Chinese)[6]申孝军,孙景生,刘祖贵,等. 灌水控制下限对冬小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2010,26(12):58-65. Shen Xiaojun, Sun Jingsheng, Liu Zugui, et al. Effects of low irrigation limits on yield and grain quality of winter wheat[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(12): 58-65.(in Chinese)[7]马福生,刘洪禄,吴文勇,等. 不同灌水下限对设施滴灌无土栽培红掌水分利用和生长的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2012, 28(8):65-70. Ma Fusheng, Liu Honglu, Wu Wenyong, et al. Effects of different drip irrigation threshold on water use and bio-mass of soilless culture anthurium in greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(8): 65-70.(in Chinese)[8]申孝军,孙景生,张寄阳,等. 滴灌条件下土壤平均含水率计算方法研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2011,25(3):241-244,253. Shen Xiaojun, Sun Jingsheng, Zhang Jiyang, et al. Study on calculation method of soil moisture content under drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 25(3): 241-244, 253.(in Chinese)[9]Ertek A, ?瘙塁ensoy S, Gedik(·overI)brahim, et al. Irrigation scheduling based pan evaporation values for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)grown under field conditions [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2006, 81(1/2): 159-172.[10]申孝军,张寄阳,刘祖贵,等. 膜下滴灌条件下不同水分处理对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(2):118-124. Shen Xiaojun, Zhang Jiyang, Liu Zugui, et al.Effects of different water treatments on yield and water use efficiency of cotton with drip irrigation under film mulch[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2012, 30(2): 118-124.(in Chinese)[11]刘净贤,周石硚,晋绿生,等. 新疆北部膜下滴灌棉田的蒸散特征[J]. 干旱区研究,2012,29(2):360-368. Liu Jingxian, Zhou Shiqiao, Jin Lüsheng, et al. Evapotranspiration of a film-mulched cotton field under drip irrigation in North Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2012, 29(2): 360-368.(in Chinese)[12]孔清华,李光永,王永红,等. 不同施肥条件和滴灌方式对青椒生长的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2010,26(7):21-25. Kong Qinghua, Li Guangyong, Wang Yonghong, et al. Influences of subsurface drip irrigation and surface drip irrigation on bell pepper growth under different fertilization conditions[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(7): 21-25.(in Chinese)[13]马富裕,朱艳,曹卫星,等. 棉纤维品质指标形成的动态模拟[J]. 作物学报,2006,32(3):442-448. Ma Fuyu, Zhu Yan, Cao Weixing, et al. Modeling fiber quality formation in cotton[J]. Acta Agrongmica Sinica, 2006,32(3): 442-448.(in Chinese)