Principle and application of evaporation pan with device of water automatic replenishing
LIU Xiao-Fei, ZHANG Ji-Yang, SUN Jing-Sheng, SHEN Xiao-Jun, Uzokwe Pauline Adaobi
(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences／Key Lab of Crop Water Use and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang, Henan 453003,China)
Abstract：In order to better make use of pan evaporation for guiding crop irrigation,a simple,cheap and easy for use evaporation pan with a device of water automatic replenishing was designed based on the working principle of the Markov′s bottle.In fact,such a pan was an updated version of the 20 cm standard evaporating pan by attaching a device that can replenish water automatically,so that water keeps a constant level in the updated pan.According to the standard evaporation in the 20 cm standard evaporation pan,the water evaporation process in the designed pan was verified.The relationship between the water evaporation and water consumption by winter wheat during the same growing period was established by field experiment.The results showed that the designed pan has a good stability,the average relative error between two different measurement groups was less than 5%,and the average relative error in more than 5 day was less than 2%.In addition,there was such a significant correlation between the water surface evaporation of the designed pan and 20 cm standard evaporation pan that the correlation coefficient was as high as 0.99.In North China,the ratios of the water consumption by winter wheat over that accumulated water evaporation of the designed pan device were 1.09,1.31 and 1.16 at jointing,headingflowering and grainfilling maturity stage,respectively.Therefore,the water evaporation of the designed pan device can guide farmland irrigation to realize excellent quality,high efficient and high yield of crop.
刘小飞, 张寄阳, 孙景生, 申孝军, Uzokwe Pauline Adaobi. 自动补水蒸发皿装置的原理及应用[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2012, 30(1): 80-84.
LIU Xiao-Fei, ZHANG Ji-Yang, SUN Jing-Sheng, SHEN Xiao-Jun, Uzokwe Pauline Adaobi. Principle and application of evaporation pan with device of water automatic replenishing. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin, 2012, 30(1): 80-84.
参考文献(References)［1］Sahin U,Kuslu Y,Tunc T,et al.Determining crop and pan coefficients for cauliflower and red cabbage crops under cool season semiarid climatic conditions［J］.Agricultural Sciences in China,2009,8(2):167-171.［2］Ertek A,Sensoy S,Küükyumuk C,et al.Determination of plantpan coefficients for fieldgrown eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) using class A pan evaporation values［J］.Agricultural Water Management,2006,85(1／2):58-66.［3］Ertek A,Sensoy S,Gedik I,et al.Irrigation scheduling based on pan evaporation values for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) grown under field conditions［J］.Agricultural Water Management,2006,81(1／2):159-172.［4］RahimiKhoob A.Artificial neural network estimation of reference evapotranspiration from pan evaporation in a semiarid environment［J］.Irrigation Science,2008,27(1):35-39.［5］Sabziparvar AliAkbar,Tabari H,Aeini A,et al.Evaluation of class a pan coefficient models for estimation of reference crop evapotranspiration in cold semiarid and warm arid climates［J］.Water Resources Management,2010,24(5):909-920.［6］Wang Zhenying,Liu Zuoxin,Zhang Zikun,et al.Subsurface drip irrigation scheduling for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) grown in solar greenhouse based on 20 cm standard pan evaporation in Northeast China［J］.Scientia Horticulturae,2009,123(1):51-57.［7］康跃虎.实用型滴灌灌溉计划制定方法［J］.节水灌溉,2004(3):11-12,15.Kang Yuehu.Applied method for drip irrigation scheduling［J］.Water Saving Irrigation,2004(3):11-12,15.(in Chinese)［8］Liu Haijun,Kang Yaohu.Sprinkler irrigation scheduling of winter wheat in the North China Plain using a 20 cm standard pan［J］.Irrigation Science,2007,25(2):149-159.［9］李万义.影响水面蒸发精度的因素［J］.人民黄河,1999,21(4):9-10.Li Wanyi.Effects of water surface evaporation factors of accuracy ［J］.Yellow River,1999,21(4):9-10.(in Chinese)［10］张寄阳,段爱旺,申孝军,等.基于蒸发量的膜下滴灌棉花灌溉预警装置设计与试验［J］.农业机械学报,2010,41(9):56-59,89.Zhang Jiyang,Duan Aiwang,Shen Xiaojun,et al.Design and experiment of scheduling irrigation device based on pan evaporation for dripirrigated cotton under plastic mulch［J］.Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(9):56-59,89.(in Chinese)
