Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2017 Vol.38 Issue.2 Published 2017-03-10

	Article

Article

	125	Design and performance analysis of airflow energy recovery device of electric vehicle
		JIANG Hao-Bin, LI Ao-Xue, MA Shi-Dian, CHEN Long
		To explore the airflow energy recovery technology for increasing the driving range of electric vehicle, an airflow energy recovery device was designed. Based on the research method of small wind power generator, the device was constructed with lift-drag hybrid vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) and air duct. After added air duct, the flow around the vehicle head was changed, and the effects of flow change were analyzed. Based on energy conversion theory with considering dimension constraints of electric vehicle cabin space, the structure of air duct was designed. The effects of air duct on wind speed enhancement were verified through CFX simulation. The models of original car, original car with air duct and original car with wind turbine and air duct were established in CATIA. The effects of airflow energy recovery device on the vehicle aerodynamic drag were investigated in Ansys CFX. Based on the similarity principle, the bench tests were conducted on a scale-up model to obtain the flow fields inside the air duct. The results show that the wind speed can be increased by 30% after concentrated by the air duct. When wind energy recovery device is added, the aerodynamic drag of the electric vehicle is reduced by about 8.84%. When air duct and wind turbine are in the best matching position, the cut-in speed of wind turbine is about 4.78 km·h-1 with the maximum rotational speed of 458 r·min-1.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 125-132 [Abstract] ( 1393 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4515KB] ( 1940 )

	133	Heating analysis and experiment of lithium battery for different discharge rates
		PAN Chao-Feng, ZHANG Liang, CHEN Long, JIANG Hao-Bin, DING Ya-Qiang
		To solve the problem of serious heat generating during the discharge of electric vehicle, the heating conditions of battery with different discharge rates were investigated. An accurate model of the battery heating was established. The internal resistance experiments were conducted at different temperatures using dense temperature range. The influence of temperature on internal resistance of battery was discussed to verify the changing regularity of battery internal resistance with temperature. The three-dimensional model of single battery was established by CATIA and imported into ICEM to divide the mesh. Under the premise of grid quality, the thermal field of lithium battery was analyzed by FLUENT software. The battery heating conditions were simulated for different discharge rates and verified by experiment. The results show that the discharge rate has great influence on temperature rise of battery, and the battery temperature is rised faster and higher at high discharge rate.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 133-138 [Abstract] ( 1789 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2352KB] ( 4860 )

	139	Measurement system of tire footprint geometric parameters based on image processing
		WANG Guo-Lin, YIN Min, LIANG Chen
		Because of the geometric complexity, it is hard to get accuracy parameters by traditional manual measurement. The image processing was used to filter the image and enhance the image edge. The random error caused by inner holes and edge burr was reduced, and the geometry features of projected area, contacted area, length, width, ratio and width of pattern were obtained. By the scanning image of tire footprint, a precise reconstruction of tire footprint was realized, and a fast measurement of geometric parameters of footprint was achieved to check the accuracy of system by test. The results show that the relative error of system is about 1.00%，and the system has good applicability for different tire types and color inks.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 139-143 [Abstract] ( 1216 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2034KB] ( 1846 )

	144	Characteristic analysis of external circulating water intake for automobile air condition
		WANG Dong, XIAO Lu, HUANG Xiao, CHEN Fei
		To solve the problem that water was easy to splash into automobile air condition from external circulating inlet on rainy day, CFD method was utilized to simulate the motion course of raindrops from inlet grille on external circulating ventilate cover of air condition to external circulating inlet with air flow. The mechanism of external circulating water intake for automobile air condition was also discussed. The simulation models were built up separately according to position of inlet grille on external circulating cover of air condition, opening area of grille and opening shape of grille. The motion morphology of air flow was optimized to reduce the amount of external circulating water intake within permissible range of intake resistance. The results show that motion morphology of air flow, size of raindrops and rainfall intensity are major affecting factors on the amount of external circulating water intake for automobile air condition. When the distance between inlet grille and inlet is enlarged with reduced opening area of grille and changed opening shape of inlet grille, the water intake at external circulating of automobile air condition may be decreased.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 144-149 [Abstract] ( 1904 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2360KB] ( 1789 )

	150	Effects of sudden expansion on H2／O2premixed combustion characteristics in micro-combustor
		PAN Jian-Feng, CHEN Lin-Lin, LU Qing-Bo, LIU Qi-Sheng, CHA Zheng-Qian
		To investigate the hydrogen/oxygen premixed combustion process in micro-combustor, the numerical mechanism model of the coupled gas-phase reaction kinetic was established， and the numerical simulation was performed by CFD software. The combustion characteristics of micro-combustor with sudden expansion were obtained on the basis of experimental verification. The effects of sudden expansion size and inlet velocity on the combustion process were investigated. The results show that the sudden expansion can improve the mixing effect of hydrogen and oxygen and can make the combustion more complete to increase the fluid temperature in micro-combustor. The residual time of gas mixture in micro-combustor is increased by the increasing of sudden expansion size to obtain high inside temperature even at low inlet flow rate. The conversion rate is decreased with the increasing of inlet flow rate. Micro-combustor with sudden expansion can alleviate the decreasing of hydrogen conversion rate caused by the increasing of inlet velocity.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 150-154 [Abstract] ( 1102 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2228KB] ( 1697 )

	155	TG-MS-FTIR analysis of co-combustion of enteromorpha and rice husk
		LIU Xin-Lin, CAO Bin, WANG Shuang, JI Hong-Fei, HU Ya-Min, WANG Qian
		To investigate the co-combustion characteristics of marine algae biomass and terrestrial biomass, the combustion experiment was conducted using the mixture of enteromorpha and rice husk with mass ratio of 1 to 1. The combustion processes of enteromorpha, rice husk and the mixture were analyzed by TG-MS-FTIR. The gas products of H2O, NO, CO2, NO2 and SO2 were monitored online by mass spectrometer. The MS-FTIR technique was utilized for the synthetic analysis of gas products. The results show that the combustion can be broadly classified into three stages of moisture evaporation, release and combustion of volatile and char combustion. The emissions of noxious gases of NO, NO2 and SO2 can be significantly decreased by co-combustion. The MS-FTIR analysis of gas products shows that the complete combustion time of enteromorpha is longer than that of rice husk. The adding enteromorpha can make rice husk ignite and combust in advance.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 155-160 [Abstract] ( 1175 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2289KB] ( 1473 )

	161	Cavity and hydrodynamic features of supercavitating vehicle with conical cavitator
		LI Fu-Yuan, DANG Jian-Jun, ZHANG Yu-Wen
		To investigate the relationship between cavity shape and hydrodynamic of supercavitating vehicle with conical cavitator and discuss the effects of conical cavitator and tail skirt on vehicle performance, the relationship between cavitation shape and attack angle was analyzed. The fluid dynamic with corresponding cavity shape was also discussed. The universality of cavity shape during changing process was demonstrated，and the difference between cavitator cavity and vehicle cavity at high attack angle was analyzed. The coordination between conical cavitator and tail skirt of supercavitating vehicle was investigated based on the hydrodynamic force. The results show that the hydrodynamic has strong correlation with cavity shape, and it shows certain variation law with attack angle. The structure of conical cavitator with tail skirt can improve the mobility of self-guide vehicle.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 161-167 [Abstract] ( 1173 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2790KB] ( 1721 )

	168	Application of improved particle swarm algorithm in 3D design of hydrofoil
		REN Wan-Long, HAO Zong-Rui, WANG Yue, XU Juan
		The weight was modified to improve particle swarm optimization algorithm. According to the non-linear weight， the particle swarm optimization algorithm was accelerated to the optimal solution close to quickly during finding optimization particle to obtain the optimal solution. The improved particle swarm optimization（PSO） was verified for searching the best solution by the verification functions of Rastrigin and Quadric functions. The improved PSO was introduced for the optimal design of three-dimensional hydrofoils. The lift drag ratio and the pressure distribution were respectively used as optimization objectives with 3D hydrofoil lift coefficient as limit constraints, and the optimization was iteratively conducted. The results show that the performance of 3D hydrofoil is improved, and the application of particle swarm algorithm in three-dimensional hydrofoil optimization design is feasible and effective.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 168-172 [Abstract] ( 805 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1786KB] ( 1465 )

	173	Description and analysis method of higher-order statistical characteristics for biological electric shock signal
		QI Guang-Yun-1, LI Lei-1, GUAN Hai-Ou1, DU Song-Huai-2
		To solve the complexity and diversity problems of the residual current protection technology in biological shock current branch, the combination method of higher-order statistics combinatorial algorithm and Fourier transform was used to analyze the variation law of residual current and electric shock current. The residual current and the electric shock current of original signal and higher-order statistics of each component of the feature vector components were demonstrated to have significant correlation with the average correlation coefficient up to 0.976 5. The simulation results show that for the extractions of residual current and high-order statistical feature vector of electric shock current in biological electric shock signal, DC component, 2rd, 3th, 4th, 6th and 8th harmonic characteristic quantities present significant correlation. The average correlation coefficient is above 0.85, and the quantitative characterizations of residual current characteristic and electric shock current change are realized.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 173-178 [Abstract] ( 1087 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2984KB] ( 1316 )

	179	Control strategy of saving or taking parking vehicles for stacker type stereo garage
		WANG Li-Jie, CHU Hong-Rui, YANG Yu-Yi, SUN Xiao-Ming
		To solve the problems of long saving or taking vehicle time with high running failure rate for stereo garage, intelligent measurement and control method and vehicle delivery strategy for the stacker-type stereo garage were investigated. Based on process mutual exclusion principle, the parallel optimization control with multiple access process was realized with bounded depth first search (DFS) algorithm on the basis of neighborhood. The design scheme of the frame structure of garage main body was proposed, and the vehicle transportation and delivery strategies for multi-gallery and multi-layer garage were investigated. The mixed control strategies with switch functions were applied to complete saving or taking parking vehicles during peak and other periods under different service environment. Using industrial PC and unit gallery programmable logic controller (PLC) as network node, the secondary monitor and management network with one main more sub was formed with profibus. PLC kingview control software and PC management software were programed by MCGS and VC++. The results show that vehicle stacking and intelligent measurement and control can be realized by the multi-channel and multi-level roadway, and the land area can be economized to the maximum extent. The ground utilization is increased by about 85% with only double-layer settings. The optimal control of vehicle automatic access can be realized by the proposed control strategy, and the operation efficiency of saving or taking parking vehicles for stacker type intelligent stereo garage is improved.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 179-185 [Abstract] ( 1365 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2387KB] ( 1682 )

	186	A two-phase low-level motion data segmentation method based on relative position
		YANG Yang, ZHAN Yong-Zhao, WANG Xin-Yu
		To solve the problem that traditional low-level segmentation methods can hardly achieve suitable segmentation for motion data due to high dimensionality, a two-phase low-level motion data segmentation method was proposed based on relative position. The positions of end joints relative to root joint were utilized as the features and were later processed to remove noise by Butterworth filter. According to zero-crossing and thresholding methods, the segment points for each dimension were located in three dimensions of end joint and synthesized to get segment points for end joint. Those segment points of all end joints were merged to derive the segment points for whole body. The 12 941 frames of motions from CMU Mocap database were explored to evaluate the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method is effective for segmenting motion capture data. Compared with the 2 velocity-based segmentation methods, the proposed method can lead to better recall and precision ratio.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 186-191 [Abstract] ( 962 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2660KB] ( 1302 )

	192	Seismic random noise suppression based on C-WNNM method
		WANG Dai-Xiang, LI Juan, MENG Ke-Xin
		To solve the reorganization problem of seismic events with low signal to noise ratio, the weighted nuclear norm minimization (C-WNNM) method was proposed to suppress the random noise in seismic data. The low rank approximation theory was presented based on WNNM. The low rank approximate matrices were constructed according to the similar characteristics of seismic signals in time and space domain. The IMF1 component obtained from CEEMD decomposition was used to estimate the local noise variance and lead to more accurate weights. The final denoising signal was obtained by iterative approximation. The C-WNNM method was used to process the simulated seismic exploration data generated by ricker wavelets. The results show that the proposed method can remove random noise effectively and preserve the effective signals well in the presence of strong noise in seismic data. The signal to noise ratio filtered by C-WNNM is promoted by about 3 dB than original WNNM.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 192-196 [Abstract] ( 1640 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2896KB] ( 1878 )

	197	CTQ identification model and algorithm of solar photovoltaic modules complex process oriented to green energy product
		YU Ying-Xia, SHENG Jing-Feng
		To identify the CTQ of solar photovoltaic modules complex process oriented to green energy products, the quality relational model was proposed based on state space algorithm. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was introduced and imported into quality relational model to establish CTQ identification model for complex process product. The variable importance in projection (VIP) was used to verify the validity and the correctness of critical quality characteristics. The productive process of solar photovoltaic modules was analyzed as an example. The results show that the new method not only can effectively identify the quality characteristic of solar photovoltaic module complex process output for the impact of terminal product, but also can extract the CTQ of solar photovoltaic module from discrete production process. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 197-203 [Abstract] ( 1246 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2513KB] ( 1575 )

	204	Shearing property and permanent deformation prediction model of cold recycled mixture with emulsified asphalt
		WANG De-Cai, ZHANG Hai-Wei, ZHANG Hua
		Based on the uniaxial penetration strength test and unconfined compressive strength test, shear strength, cohesion and inner friction angle of the cold recycled mixture with emulsified asphalt were determined under the conditions of room temperature and high temperature. The effects of cement mass fraction, characteristics and mass fraction of emulsified asphalt and reclaimed asphalt pavement（RAP）content on shearing properties of cold recycled mixture were analyzed. The permanent deformation was investigated by the finite element method and rutting test. The results show that all the shearing indexes are increased with the increasing of cement mass fraction, especially obvious for the cement mass fraction from 0 to 1.5%. The shearing indexes are decreased with the increasing of emulsified asphalt mass fraction, and there is significant impact on the shearing properties at high temperature. The characteristics of emulsified asphalt have no obvious effect on shearing properties. The shear strength and the cohesion are improved obviously with the decreasing of RAP content, while the inner friction angle has no effect. The permanent deformation model applied for predicting the deformation of cold recycled mixture with emulsified asphalt should be further revised to obtain more improved precise.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 204-210 [Abstract] ( 1031 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2205KB] ( 1326 )

	211	Concurrent multi-scale modeling and analysis of springing joint for CFST tied-arch bridge
		CUI Feng-Kun, ZHU Yi-Biao, DU Peng, XU Yue
		To solve the difficulties of local boundary condition simulation and analytical precision guarantee for analyzing the springing joint of CFST tied-arch bridge by traditional elaborate finite element model, a new modeling idea of introducing global scale model to local accurate finite element model of springing joint with reasonable connections was proposed based on the multi-scale modeling theory. The multi-scale modeling method was also developed to investigate the behaviors of springing joint for CFST tied-arch bridge. The mechanical behavior and the safety of springing region of a CFST tied-arch bridge with computed span of 96 m and rise-span ratio of 1/5 were investigated. The results show that the concurrent multi-scale modeling method can not only model the local boundary conditions of CFST tied-arch bridge, but also can predict the mechanical behavior of springing joint with significantly reduced computation cost. The stress in springing joint is reasonable, while the stress concentration in prestressed anchorage zone and near supports is obvious.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 211-217 [Abstract] ( 1210 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2590KB] ( 1952 )

	218	Cloud model evaluation of swell-shrink grade of swelling soil based on improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method
		RUAN Yong-Fen, GAO Chun-Qin, LI Zhi-Wei, LIU Ke-Wen
		The swell-shrink grade of swelling soil was evaluated based on the cloud model, the improved analytic hierarchies process and the entropy weight method. The five evaluation indicators of liquid limit, swell-shrink total rate, plasticity index, natural moisture content and free swelling ratio were used to investigate 15 swelling soil samples. The cloud digital characteristics of each evaluation criterion were generated based on the swell-shrink grade classification standard, and each evaluation indicator cloud model was established. According to the calculated weights by component weighting method, the comprehensive certainties were obtained. The corresponding quality degree was determined as shrink and expansion grade of swelling soil. The cloud model results show good consistence with the results of certainty measurement method, matter-element extension model and approaching in variable weight. The cloud model method can provide reference for similar engineering problems with high classification accuracy.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 218-223 [Abstract] ( 1049 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2178KB] ( 1345 )

	224	Test of shear resistance of modified emulsified asphalt by waterborne epoxy resin
		CHANG Yan-Ting-1, CHEN Zhong-Da-1, NIU Xiao-Hu-2, ZHOU Zi-Gang-3
		To solve the diseases of slippage and surge of pavement structure due to the lack of interlayer cohesive force performance of asphalt pavement, the shear strength of epoxy emulsified asphalt tack coat was investigated for different epoxy emulsified asphalt distributing amount, test temperature and normal stress. Mohr-Coulomb principle was used to obtain cohesive force and internal friction angle. The interlayer shear stresses of five kinds of typical pavement structures were calculated by finite element software Ansys. The shear fatigue performance and the shear strength performance of epoxy emulsified asphalt were tested based on the calculation of interlayer maximum shear stress and shear strength. The results indicate that the shear strength increases with the increasing of normal stress by approximately linear trend, and the optimum epoxy emulsified asphalt distributing amount is 0.8 kg·m-2 at high temperature of 60 ℃. When distributing amount and normal stress are the same, the shear strength decreases with the increasing of temperature due to the decreasing of cohesive force. The maximum interlayer shear stress under the loads of 100 and 200 kN are respectively less than allowable shear stress and shear strength, and the shear fatigue damage and the ultimate shear failure at high temperature and heavy load are not generated on the asphalt surface.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 224-229 [Abstract] ( 1747 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1766KB] ( 1517 )

	230	Filtration efficiency of porous pavement materials and thickness on pavement runoff
		JIANG Wei-1, YUAN Dong-Dong-1, XIAO Jing-Jing-2, WANG Zhen-Jun-3
		To solve the pavement runoff quality change after infiltrated through permeable asphalt pavement materials, the permeable pavement infiltrate apparatus was developed. The effects of 3 filtration functions of porous pavement materials and thickness on the filtration efficiency and mechanism for runoff water were investigated by measuring 16 pollutant indices. The results show that porous pavement material type and thickness have significant effect on the removal efficiency of pollutants. Natural sand has high removal efficiency on TP, COD, Zn, BOD, PP and Cr6+. The removal efficiency of natural sand can be improved by increasing the thickness. Open-graded gravel has significant effect on the removal efficiency for Pb, NH4-N, AVO, COD and BOD in pavement runoff. Porous asphalt concrete has high removal efficiency for the pollutions of NH4-N, Pb and TP.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 230-235 [Abstract] ( 1130 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1984KB] ( 1713 )

	236	Pavement performance of cold patch asphalt liquid
		ZHANG Zheng-Qi-1, XU Cheng-1, CHENG Gao-Li-2, SONG Liang-Liang-3
		To deeply investigate the pavement performance of cold patch asphalt liquid and make up the deficiency of evaluation method, the performance evaluation method of cold patch asphalt liquid was put forward. A new type of solvent cold patch asphalt liquid was developed by orthogonal experiment, and the suggesting technical requirements were proposed. The properties were validated by comparison experiment. The results show that diluent and tackifier are the main affecting factors on the performance of solvent cold patch asphalt liquid. The optimum ratio of base asphalt, diluent, tackifier, surfactant and anti-stripping agent of the new type of solvent cold patch asphalt liquid is 100 ∶25 ∶2 ∶0.5 ∶0.6. The evaluation methods and the suggesting technical requirements of cold patch asphalt liquid can well reflect the pavement performance. According to the suggesting technical requirements, the excellent cold patch asphalt mixture can be prepared by the cold patch asphalt liquid.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 236-242 [Abstract] ( 1131 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2697KB] ( 1369 )

	243	Degradation of nitrobenzene using chloromethylated polystyrene microspheres supported nanoscale zero-valent iron
		LI Li-Xia, LU Bing, LYU Bao-He , SHI Lu-Kai, YANG Yi
		With suspension polymerized chloromethylated polystyrene microspheres as carrier, NZVI—PS was prepared by the sodium borohydride reduction method in liquid phase. The prepared NZVI—PS was characterized by SEM, EDS and BET and used to degrade the high toxic and hard-degraded substance of nitrobenzene (NB). The experiments were conducted to discuss the effects of microsphere dosage, solution temperature and pH on the degradation of different initial concentration nitrobenzene. The adsorber-reduction dynamics mechanism of NZVI—PS to nitrobenzene and the reuse performance of microspheres were also discussed. The results show that the nanoscale zero-valent iron in NZVI—PS has good dispersion performance with large specific surface area, and the agglomeration is not obvious. After being used repeatedly for four times, the using value of the carrier microspheres is still very high. The nitrobenzene degradation rate can reach 99.8％ under the optimal conditions, and the adsorber-reduction reaction rate is in line with the first order reaction.
		2017 Vol. 38 (2): 243-248 [Abstract] ( 1002 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2039KB] ( 1525 )

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