Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2015 Vol.36 Issue.1 Published 2015-01-10

	Article

Article

	1	Effect of premixed Brown gas on emission under accelerating operation
		Wang Zhong, Wang Fei, Yao Kang, Liu Shuai, Zhao Yang
		With the considerations of implosive and catalytic characteristics of Brown gas, a lightduty vehicle with diesel engine was chosen as research object. To investigate the effect of Brown gas on the emission of lightduty vehicle under accelerating operation, the Brown gas was taken into the intake manifold of diesel engine to participate the combustion. On the transfer hub test bench, the emissions of NOx, THC and CO were tested under accelerating process with or without Brown gas. The results show that NOx decreases by 4.8％ with unchanged THC, and CO increases by 5.6％ when the speed accelerates from 13 km·h-1 to 27 km·h-1. When the speed accelerates from 23 km·h-1to 40 km·h-1, NOx decreases by 4.1％ with still unchanged THC, and CO increases by 4.0％. When the speed is accelerated from 40 km·h-1 to 62 km·h-1, NOx, THC and CO are reduced by 8.1％, 5.3％ and 3.0％, respectively.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 1-5 [Abstract] ( 1417 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1791KB] ( 1556 )

	6	Design and simulation power system for hybrid electric vehicles with wheel motors
		Chen Long, Ren Hao, Yuan Chaochun, Wang Shaohua, Sun Xiaoqiang, Li Daoyu
		Based on the traditional FF vehicles，a new hybrid system with front wheel engine drive and rear wheel motor drive was designed to achieve a simplified HEV power train structure.The type and the parameters of wheel motor were determined based on the vehicle component parameters and the vehicle dynamic performance requirements. A simulation model of hybrid vehicles with wheel motors was built by ADVISOR2002, and the vehicle energy management strategy was designed based on fuzzy logic control. The vehicle simulation experiment was carried out in NEDC cycle. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional FF vehicles,the vehicle dynamic performance and the vehicle fuel economy are improved, which indicates that the proposed design is reasonable, and can provide important theory basis for further design of hybrid vehicles with wheel motors.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 6-10 [Abstract] ( 1334 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1836KB] ( 1274 )

	11	Emission characteristics of low temperature cold start of SI engine using butanolgasoline blended fuel
		Jiang Li, Chu Jiangwei
		In an electroncontrolled port injection gasoline engine， separately with gasoline， B10 and B30 at -7℃ ambient temperature， the coldstart emission characteristics of regulated and nonregulated pollutants were investigated after catalytic converter. Using chemical kinetic scheme, the main pathways of nonregulated pollutants were identified. The results show that in the first 120 seconds of cold start， with the increasing of butanol proportion, HC and CO emissions decrease for three kinds of fuel. HC and CO emissions firstly increase with latter decreasing for each kind of fuel. For the nonregulated pollutants,with the butanol volume ratio increasing from 10% to 30%, the emission volume fractions of ethylene, formaldehyde and acetaldhyde are increased by 37.0%, 67.6% and 69.9%, respectively. The addition of butanol causes 40.5% reduction in benzene emission and 16.0% decreasing in methane emission with slight effect on acetylene emission.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 1477 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1451KB] ( 1446 )

	16	Finite element models for vehicle leaf spring suspensions
		Chai Shan, Guo Ming, Xu Shanghai, Zhang Qiang, Gang Xianyue
		Based on the structure and working characteristics of leaf spring suspension, four basic conditions were investigated to satify the finite element model of leaf spring. The stiffness of leaf was obtained through stiffness test to be used in simulation model. Five different simplified models of leaf spring suspensions were proposed. The FEA model of fringebeam truck frame was built in ANSYS by the shell element. The analyses of truck frame combined with different leaf spring suspension models were conducted under bending condition with vertical load and under braking condition with both vertical load and longitudinal load. Five different simplified models of leaf spring suspensions were summaried. Combined with analysis example of truck bending condition and braking condition, the advantages and the disadvantages of the five models and the satisfaction of the four basic conditions were analyzed. The results show that the equivalent curved plate model in model 3 can be effectively used to simulate the no deputy spring leaf spring suspension, while deputy spring models are more suitable for model 5, and both of them can meet the basic requirements.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 16-22 [Abstract] ( 1379 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2724KB] ( 2630 )

	23	Numerical simulation of fluidstructure interaction characteristics for propeller
		Sun Haitao, Xiong Ying, Shi Lipan
		Based on ANSYS Workbench platform, FSI algorithm was established to consider the unsteady viscous fluid of propeller. To make use of respective advantages of computational fluid dynamics and computational structural mechanics, the external CFX solver functions were used. A 3D numerical simulation method was presented to investigate the fluidstructure interaction of marine propellers. The coupled simulation was implemented by a twoway technique with the online transmission between fluid load and structure response data in ANSYS software. The method reliability was verified by comparing with experimental data. The hydrodynamics, the blade deformation, the stress and strain of a propeller with two different materials were simulated. The results show that material characteristics have remarkable effect on the deformation and strain of blade. The deformation and the strain of flexible blade have an order of magnitude higher than that of rigid blade. The deformed propeller has influence on hydrodynamics and flow field. The thrust and the torque of flexible propeller are smaller than those of rigid propeller.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 23-29 [Abstract] ( 1554 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3162KB] ( 1584 )

	30	Experiment on drag reduction characteristics of xanthan gum solution in pipe flow
		Li Changfeng, Yu Yanfei, Zhao Wenbin, Li Mingyi, Hou Jinliang
		The systematic experiments on drag reduction characteristics of xanthan gum solution in continuous cycle smooth pipes with diameters of 5, 10 and 20 mm were respectively conducted. The concentration and pipe diameter effects and the withstanding mechanical degradation of xanthan gum solution on drag reduction characteristics were analyzed to obtain relationship between drag reductions and concentration of xanthan gum solution, influence of Reynolds number on drag reductions and percent drag reduction changing with shearing time. The experimental results show that xanthan gum solution is good drag reduction agent. At low Reynolds number, xanthan gum solution performs typeB drag reduction characteristics in small pipes with diameter of 5 mm and 10 mm, but shows typeA drag reductions characteristics in large pipe with diameter of 20 mm. At high Reynolds number, the xanthan gum solution performs typeB drag reduction characteristics in all pipe flows with three diameters. Xanthan gum solution exhibits high resistance to mechanical degradation because of the essential typeB drag reduction characteristics.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 30-35 [Abstract] ( 1164 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2017KB] ( 1989 )

	36	Numerical simulation of dust particle collection by charged droplet
		Wang Junfeng, Xie Liyu, Huo Yuanping, Zuo Ziwen
		To investigate the adsorption mechanism of dust particles on a single charged droplet, air drag force, gravity force and electrostatic force were considered. By solving Newton equation, the motion equation for dust particles in the vicinity of charged droplets was achieved. A numerical model was established to track the dust particle trajectories in the vicinity of charged droplets. The collection efficiency of dust particles was mainly affected by Stokes and Coulomp number. The primary effect parameters and acting mechanism on the collection process were obtained. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. The results show that larger size of charged droplet leads to bigger collection area ratio, while for the same vapor liquid ratio, the collection efficiency is larger for smaller droplet. The dust particles with size among 1 μm to 10 μm have good collection efficiency.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 36-42 [Abstract] ( 1831 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1734KB] ( 1518 )

	43	Research on coupling style of mechanical seal with spiral groove and micropores based on cavitation
		Chen Huilong, Liu Zhibin, Liu Tong, Zhao Binjuan, Li Shulin
		To achieve optimum coupling style of mechanical seal with spiral groove and micropores, geometrical and computational models of four kinds of micropores distributing at different location of spiral seal face were investigated. The fluid film between seal faces was simulated based on cavitation by Fluent method. The four coupling schemes were verified by experiment and compared with spiral seal face. The simulated results show that not all coupling styles can improve opening performance and stability of the fluid film. When the micropores are only located in the dam area of rotational ring, the opening force and the stability are increased with decreased friction torque, and the performance improves with the increasing of rotational speed. The advantage of optimum coupling seal face is more obvious than that of spiral face under higher shaft speed.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 43-47 [Abstract] ( 1155 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1971KB] ( 1423 )

	48	Experiment of restitution coefficient of processing tomato seeds in collision models
		Wang Lihong, Ran Bing, Kan Za, Li Chengsong
		To establish collision models of processing tomato seeds in seed skin cleaning device and seed sower, based on basic definition of restitution coefficient, a processing tomato seeds restitution coefficient test device was established with FASTCAM-10K Series Model 500 highspeed camera, homemade drop instrument and personal computer. Ligeer No.87-5 was chosen as test material. The results show that the significant factors on normal and tangential restitution coefficients of processing tomato seeds are impact material, drop height and sheet thickness. The L4(23) orthogonal regression combination table was used to establish binary linear regression model of normal and tangential restitution coefficient for drop height and sheet thickness.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 48-52 [Abstract] ( 1416 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1426KB] ( 2156 )

	53	Dynamic recognition of oscillating orange for harvesting robot
		Ning Zhigang, Cheng Hui, Yang Heng, Cheng Xiong
		In order to improve picking speed and picking efficiency, a fast dynamic identification method was proposed for harvesting robot with orange oscillating and covering. The two acquired successive oscillation orange images were analyzed to separate the fruit image from background by color space selection and threshold segmenting method. The dynamic region of oscillation fruit was labelled by the interframe difference method, the minimum enclosing rectangle method in horizontal direction and the square inscribed circle method. The oscillation orange was located and identified. The experimental results show that the outstanding performance of the proposed method can be used to solve the harvesting problems caused by various reasons in practice. The recognize time of sole target is less than 0.4 s.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 53-58 [Abstract] ( 1371 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2834KB] ( 1437 )

	59	Effects of transplanting configuration of paper pot seedling on sugar yield
		Su Wei, Lai Qinghui
		The effects of perpendicularity, nudity height, burying height of paper pot seedling on seedling percent, yield, sugar content and sugar yield of sugar beet were analyzed by a single factor randomized block design. The results show that the seedling perpendicularity has significant influence on seedling percent, yield and sugar yield, while it has no influence on sugar content. When perpendicularity of seedling is less than 30°, the seedling perpendicularity has significant influence on seedling percent. When the seedling perpendicularity is less than 60°, yield and sugar yield decrease sharply. The nudity height and the burying height have marked effect on yield and sugar yield with slight influence on seedling percent and sugar content. When nudity height and burying height of seedling are at the range of 1 to 3 cm, yield and sugar yield decrease significantly.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 59-84 [Abstract] ( 1239 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1652KB] ( 1441 )

	65	Application of binocular stereo vision in downthehole drill position
		Wu Wanrong, Shi Jian, Xu Zhi
		In order to improve accuracy of downthehole (DTH) drill position, binocular stereo vision was adopted to obtain a 3D location measurement of holes marker for DTH position. A pair of stereo images with holes marker were obtained by stereo cameras to be segmented by fuzzy thresholding method based on trapezoidal membership functions. The holes marker centroid was extracted by image invariant moment principle. The holes marker 3D locations were obtained by triangulation principle. On DTH testbed, the autonomous position experiments were implemented based on binocular stereo vision system. The experiment results show that the holes marker can be efficiently segmented by fuzzy thresholding method based on trapezoidal membership functions with position error less than 25 mm.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 65-69 [Abstract] ( 1645 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1609KB] ( 1302 )

	70	Improving of fuzzy entropy based on string variable
		Zhang Xiliang, Jin Lulu
		To solve the continuity lack of sample entropy algorithm and the complex with slow computing speed of improved entropy algorithm for fuzzy entropy, according to sample entropy and fuzzy entropy algorithm characteristics, the idea of a string variable was introduced instead of phase space reconstruction to establish a new fuzzy entropy algorithm. To analyze the event related potential embodied cognition characteristics, 35 college students were chosen as subjects, and the sample entropy, fuzzy entropy and the new fuzzy entropy algorithm were respectively used to calculate the complexity parameter. The results show that the calculation results of new improved algorithm are consistent with sample entropy and fuzzy entropy algorithm, and the new improved algorithm can be applied to EEG feature extraction. Compared with the sample entropy algorithm, the new improved algorithm can obtain bigger variations in entropy value of event related potential(ERP) to identify subjects′ midbrain dynamism of cognitive activities more effectively. The computation time of improved algorithm with 1 000 length EEG is only about 2.1 s, which improves computation speed greatly with comparison to those of sample entropy with 3.2 s and fuzzy entropy with 10.4 s.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 70-73 [Abstract] ( 1394 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1960KB] ( 1378 )

	74	Parameter selection for reducing line spectrum of Duffing system
		Lan Chaofeng, Chen Huan, Zhang Meng, Li Fengchen
		To determine the parameter combination for reducing the line spectrum energy value of Duffing system, based on a single degree of freedom vibration Duffing system, fourthorder RungeKutta method simulation was used to analyze the output characteristics of linear systems and nonlinear systems. The effects of damping and nonlinear parameters on system performance were analyzed to determine system parameters. In the conditions of fixed parameters system, the external cycle control method of excitation power was selected to control system output in practical applications, and the haotic area parameters were determined by Lyapunov exponent diagram in the system outputs. The system output size of Lyapunov exponent was used to determine the chaos strength of selected system. The results show that the decline of line spectrum can be realized by selecting parameters.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 74-78 [Abstract] ( 1286 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1678KB] ( 1474 )

	79	Torque control of BLDCM based on predictive current control
		Zhou Linyang, Wang Shengjie
		To reduce torque ripple of brushless DC motor (BLDCM) control system, two torque control methods were proposed based on predictive current control of BLDCM with trapezoidal back electromagnetic fields (EMF). According to the characteristics of trapezoidal back EMF, an extended PARK transformation was used to make torque value proportional to current and to transform torque control into current control. Based on 120 degree commutation mode and hybrid commutation mode, two predictive current control methods were proposed by current calculating of the next control cycle through mathematical model analysis of BLDCM and by voltage vector choosing through values comparison of a cost function. The simulation results show that both of the proposed methods can successfully control current and speed of BLDCM with rapid torque response and low torque ripple.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 79-86 [Abstract] ( 1241 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5839KB] ( 1363 )

	87	Comprehensive operation optimization of distribution network based on improved bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm
		Chen Jiming, Wang Yuanyuan, Sun Mingyu, Kang Zhongjian
		Comprehensive operation optimization of distribution network was discussed．Considering both network reconfiguration and reactive power optimization, the mathematical model of distribution network comprehensive optimization was established. The improved bacterial colony chemotaxis (IBCC) algorithm was proposed to solve the problem of distribution network comprehensive operation optimization. To avoid locally optimal solution, according to basic bacterial colony chemotaxis (BCC) algorithm, dynamic adjustment strategy, adaptive mutation operator and chaos search mechanism were proposed to improve the bacterial optimizing speed and efficiency. The comprehensive operation optimization results of IEEE33 system show that the system loss is reduced, and the voltage level is improved through the improved algorithm. The possibility and the validity of the improved algorithm are also verified.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 87-92 [Abstract] ( 1370 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1501KB] ( 1616 )

	93	Characterization of partitioned alienation surface texturing on cylinder bore
		Kang Zhengyang, Fu Yonghong, Yin Bifeng, Ji Jinghu
		To solve the lack of effective characterization method for the laser partitioned alienation texturing processing on cylinder bore, a partition characterization method was proposed. The characterization parameters were divided into four parts of texturing district parameters characterizing partitioned alienation scheme, mechanical honing parameters characterizing untexturing area, shape parameters characterizing pits geometry and diameter relative error and bottom microscopic roughness evaluating texturing quality. The characterization parameters were deduced to obtain the tribological property and the void volume of texturing surface. The ″single pulse intervals″ process was adopted to prepare cylinder sample. The characterization results show that the parameters can reflect partitioned alienation scheme, surface tribology property and texturing quality successfully.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 93-98 [Abstract] ( 1485 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2506KB] ( 1514 )

	99	Solubilization of PBDEs from contaminated soil by surfactants
		Xie Qingjie, Ye Dan, Zhao Rujin, Yao Yifan, Bai Ge
		Solubilization effects of PBDEs from contaminated soil by two anionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Triton X100), two nonionic surfactants (SDS and SDBS) and their combinations were investigated. The solubilization enhancement of NaCl solution concentration on the surfactants to BDE15 was also studied. The results show that the dosages of single surfactants in excess of their critical micelle concentrations can dramatically enhance the solubilization effects of BDE15, and nonionic surfactants exhibite higher solubilization ability than that of anionic surfactants. Anionicnonionic mixed surfactants exhibite synergistic solubilization, and the solubilizing capacity is increased with the quantity of nonionic surfactant with the maximum value at the mass ratio of 7∶3 for nonionic to anionic surfactant. The solubilization abilities of mixed surfactants can be increased obviously by adding NaCl solution.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 99-102 [Abstract] ( 1855 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1770KB] ( 1136 )

	103	Elasticity analysis of laminated cylinders with compressive load
		Zhao Zong， Zhou Ding， Wang Jun， Liu Weiqing
		Based on elasticity theory, the stress and the strain of certain part of laminated cylinders with different materials laminated at radical direction were analyzed under axial pressure. With the consideration of threedimensional stress influence， the elastic solution of each layer was obtained respectively. The recursive relationship from laminated cylinder inner boundary to outer boundary was established based on the deformation coordination relationship among layers. The stress and the strain at any point within laminated cylinder were achieved according to the boundary conditions. Taking three different laminated columns as examples， the elastic stress and strain were analyzed. Because the influence of extrusion force caused by different Poisson′s ratio in each layer is considered in the proposed theory， the theoretical results are well consistent with those from finite element software.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 103-107 [Abstract] ( 1200 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1521KB] ( 1129 )

	108	Active earth pressure on cylindrical wall with consideration of soil arching effects
		Chen Guozhou， Zhou Guoqing
		Assuming that the slip plane of nonviscous soil around cylindrical wall was straight line, the horizontal differential plane between slip plane and cylindrical wall was analyzed. Based on the static equilibrium condition of horizontal differential plane, the theoretical formulas for determining active earth pressure against cylindrical wall were deduced and compared with experimental results with considerations of wallsoil friction angle, radius of cylindrical wall and tangential stress coefficient. The results show that the active earth pressure against wall is related to cylindrical wall radius, wallsoil friction angle and tangential stress coefficient. The active earth pressure increases with the increasing of wallsoil friction angle and cylindrical wall radius and decreases with the increasing of tangential stress coefficient. In order to check the accuracy of the proposed formulas, the predictions from the equation were compared with both existing model test results and values from existing equations. The comparisons between calculated and measured values show that the results from the proposed formulas are consistent with the results of model test.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 108-113 [Abstract] ( 1325 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1534KB] ( 1685 )

	114	Analysis of shear stress for asphalt pavement based on response surface methodology
		Liu Shengjie， You Qinglong， Cong Zhuohong
		To solve the early pavement diseases of slippage， folding and rut caused by insufficient shear strength of steep slope sections， the influencing factors of asphalt pavement shear strength parameters of depth, thickness, elastic module and Poisson ratio of pavement were analyzed by testing method. The response surface methodology(RSM) model of the maximum shear stress for asphalt pavement was built with the maximum shear stress as target function. The precision of model and the significant factors were investigated. The results indicate that RSM model has good validity and precision and can be used to analyze and predict the shear stress of asphalt pavement. The proposed model can be applied in structural design and shear stress control.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 114-118 [Abstract] ( 1413 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1362KB] ( 1497 )

	119	Grouting lifting deformation based on energy method
		Chen Juan， Xu Lisheng， Xu Meng， Zhang Fan
		To solve the lifting deformation and damage of concrete covering caused by improper pressure control of dam grouting, based on the minimum potential energy principle, single and multiple holes grouting concrete covering models were respectively established to calculate the deformation of concrete covering. The stresses of soil and the concrete covering for single hole grouting were analyzed to establish single hole potential energy equations of concrete covering grouting lifting deformation. Based on the principle of minimum potential energy, the deformation value of grouting analytic solutions was estimated.The model was extended to multiple grouting hole to set up multiple holes grouting concrete covering uplift analytic model of deformation and to analysis the effects of casting parameters on the deformation. According to engineering example, ABAQUS finite element analysis software was used to establish a threedimensional finite element lifting deformation analysis model of concrete covering grouting for single and multiple holes. The results show that analytic solutions are well consistent with field experimental data analysis, which shows the effectiveness of analytic solutions.
		2015 Vol. 36 (1): 119-124 [Abstract] ( 1666 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1605KB] ( 1585 )

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