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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2009 Vol.30 Issue.3 Published 2009-05-10

	Article

Article

	217
		Yang Shuzi, Shi Tielin

		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 217-223 [Abstract] ( 1004 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 623KB] ( 1426 )

	224	Non-redundant collision avoidance and kinematic optimization of a grinding robot for inner-wall of slight rocket engines
		Liu Hongyi, Sun Yilan, Liu Zhizhong, Cui Dandan
		Traditional robot collision avoidance method applied to free operation space is carried out by adding robot DOF. However, this method isn＇t suitable to limited operation space such as a kind of slight solid-propellant rocket engines inner-wall. Hence, a new robot collision avoidance method with non-redun- dant DOF for limited operation space is presented. Without adding robot DOF, this method can judge collision situation in grinding trajectory by mathematical model, and adjust dynamically the grinding interface of the robot end-effector. So robot bodies＇ poses are transformed to avoid collisions between the different robot bodies or between robot bodies and inner-wall. Moreover, kinematic optimization and simulation are carried out by setting the smoothness of joints＇ velocity variety as optimization objective and discriminant of colli- sion as constraints. The results indicate that the grinding robot can track the grinding trajectory without collision and robot joints＇ velocity varies with time uniformly and smoothly at the same time
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 224-227 [Abstract] ( 1376 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 299KB] ( 1580 )

	228	Compelling threshold denoise method of wavelet transformation on dynamic weight signal
		Zhang Xiliang, Yang-Weiling, Li-Pingping- , Zhang Shiqing- , Xu Yunfeng-
		To solve the problem of much noise and unwanted shaking remained after threshold denoising on dynamic weight signal, and by analyzing the effect of threshold denoise method of wavelet transform, the compelling threshold suitable for dynamic weight signal was put forward. The decomposition and re- construction arithmetic of the compelling threshold was realized using MATLAB language. The result indicates that after denoising the stability of the weighting value is better, the relative error is between -1.5% -2.0% , and the processing speed of dynamic weight signal is improved to certain extent.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 228-231 [Abstract] ( 1388 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 262KB] ( 2194 )

	232	Sliding effect test of locust on surface of slope plates
		Wang Lixin, Zhou Qiang, Cheng Xiaotong-
		To provide theoretical reference for the selection of materials and slanting angle in locust capturing machine, by utilizing slippage experiment box and video monitoring system, and by adopting contrast experiment method, sliding effects of locust on the surface of slippage plate with different materials and slanting angles were tested, and the factors that affect the sliding behaviors were analyzed. The resuits suggest that when the materials are zinc plate, silicate glass, and PVC plastic, the sliding effect improves obviously as the slanting angle increases. The zinc plate shows considerable sliding effect, the silicate glass shows weak effect, and the PVC plastic is in the middle when the slanting angle is fixed. Based on the experiment result, zinc plate is more suitable for slope plate of locust capturing and the minimum slanting angle should be 40°. Presumably, the sliding effect is affected by avoirdupois of locust, the slanting angle, the surface roughness and rigidity of slope plate.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 232-235 [Abstract] ( 1659 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 293KB] ( 1734 )

	236	Design of electrostatic spray machine for killing locust
		Ge Fucai, Xu Youyi, Shen Liangjun, Xu Qiaobao, Ge Tao
		To increase the efficiency of large area spraying pesticide to kill locust, the electrostatic spray theory is applied on the machine design. This machine has been applied to the work of killing locust in Xinjiang province, and has achieved great effect. 4WD cross-country vehicle was used as carrier, and many components were installed on it. Spraying and movement of spray bucket can be controlled in vehicle cab. The main components of this machine and their functions are stated, which include transmission system, spray fan bucket, spray bucket rotary part and brake part. Design and analysis are focused on spray fan bucket and spray bucket rotary part which consist of electromotive handspike, spherical bearing, platform of rotary part, pinwheel reducer, electromagnetic braking controller, machine frame and so on. Calculation method of working stroke of electromotive handspike is deduced. Structure design and movement analysis of electromagnetic braking controller are indicated.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 236-240 [Abstract] ( 1316 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 319KB] ( 1524 )

	241	Varying tooth pitch design and application of sprocket wheel in sintering machine
		He Yunhua, Bai Minghua, Liang Hongzhi, Zheng Haiwu-
		By analyzing the velocity fluctuation of the pallet cars in the sintering machine, the varying tooth pitch design of the sprocket wheel was presented. According to the altenating changing wheelbases of the rolling wheels in the pallet cars, two kinds of tooth pitch were arranged alternately and the even number teeth were determined. By combining the meshing principle with the actual working condition be- tween the sprocket wheel and the pallet cars, the basic tooth profile curve was obtained. Considering the turning demand of the pallet cars, the practical subsection tooth profile curve was established and expressed by universal equation. The duplex gear tooth and the sprocket wheel body were designed, manu- factured and used in factory successfully, and the velocity fluctuation of the pallet cars was totally disap- peared.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 241-245 [Abstract] ( 1348 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 310KB] ( 1618 )

	246	An advanced regenerative braking control strategy optimization
		Zhang Jingming, Cui Shengmin, Song Baoyu, Sun Gang
		A strategy of parallel regenerative braking force distribution based on the distribution of ideal braking force and proportion control strategy is given by analyzing the working principle of regenerative braking system in hybrid electric vehicles. It can utilize the regenerative braking energy fully and improve the fuel economy of the vehicle. The friction braking force and regenerative braking force are distributed rationally. The average braking force is considered as the target, the coordinates of the key points on the braking control strategy curve are selected as control variable and the control strategy is optimized. Saturn SL1 is selected and simulated under urban 15 drive cycle. Through optimization the parallel braking strategy is proved safe enough and more braking energy can be recycled.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 246-250 [Abstract] ( 1372 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 289KB] ( 1572 )

	251	Optimization of heavy truck suspension system based on ride comfort and road friendliness
		Chen Yikai, He Jie, Guo Yan, Peng Jia, Gao Mengqi
		A suspension optimization strategy which could enhance ride comfort and road friendliness of heavy truck is presented based on vehicle dynamic simulation. Thus, the reduction of driving fatigue and the extension of road service life could be realized. Firstly, a 10- DOF heavy truck assembled with leaf spring-road model system is established using Matlab/Simulink. Subsequently, the passive air suspension matching the truck is chosen and the semi-active air suspension fuzzy controller is designed. In order to compare the effects of different suspensions, simulation results of leaf spring suspension truck, passive air suspension truck and semi-active air suspension truck are analyzed. Passive air suspension is chosen for further optimization. Through simulation, changing laws of ride comfort and road friendliness following the variation of suspension damping are summarized, from which the best damping coefficients of passive air suspension are finally obtained.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 251-255 [Abstract] ( 1377 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 342KB] ( 1850 )

	256	Control method of braking torque for self-excited retarder
		Yang Xiaojun, He Ren-
		To realize the intelligent control on the braking torque of a self-excited retarder, the excitation current was taken as a reference for dividing the braking torque gear. Taking SCR＇s conduction angle as a control object, the control method of the braking torque was presented. The theoretical driving circuit of an excitation coil and the trigger circuit of SCR＇s conduction angle were discussed. The caculation formu- lae of SCR＇s conduction angle in various working conditions and the discriminant functions of the highest gear in low speed were deduced based on the sequence diagram of SCR＇s conduction angle. After verifi- cation by experiment, the control method basically achieves the real-time and accurate control on braking torque. This would lay a theoretical basis for realizing intelligent control on the braking torque of a self- excited retarder.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 256-260 [Abstract] ( 1279 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 295KB] ( 1679 )

	261	Friedel - Crafts alkylation of anthracene with 2 - chloropropane catalyzed by [ Bmim ]Cl-AlCl3 ionic liquid
		Yuan Xinhua, Chen Min, Dai Qixun, Cheng Xiaonong
		To obtain novel fine chemicals, [ Bmim ]Cl-AlCl3（ [ Bmin ] ＋ = 1 - butyl - 3 - methylimidazolium cation） ionic liquid was used as catalyst in the Friedel - Crafts alkylation of anthracene with 2 - chloropropane. Fine chemical intermediate of 2 -isopropylanthracene was prepared and confirmed by GC/MS analysis. The influences of various reaction conditions on the yield and selectivity of 2 - isopropylanthracene were studied by GC analysis. The results show that the optimum conditions of the alkylation reaction are as follows ： reation temperature of 30℃ for 4 h while the molar fraction of A1CI3 in [ Bmim ] Cl-AlCl3 to be 0.67, m（ [ Bmim] Cl-AlCl3 ）： m（anthracene） = 8： 1, n（2 - chloropropane）： n（ anthracene） = 1.5： 1. Under the optimum condition, the yield and selectivity of 2 -isopropylanthracene are 69.2 % and 77.1% , respectively. The present study shows that [ Bmim ] Cl-AlCl3 is not only a novel environmental-friendly catalyst and solvent but also can be reused. The structure of 2 - isopropylanthracene was identified by GC/MS, FTIR and 1H NMR analyses.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 261-264 [Abstract] ( 1763 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 252KB] ( 1414 )

	265	Characterization of negative thermal expansion property of ZrW2O8
		Liu Hongfei, Cheng Xiaonong, Zhang Zhiping-
		Negative thermal expansion （NTE） ZrW2O8 powder and ceramic were synthesized by solidstate reaction using analytically pure ZrO2 and WO3. The microstructures and section morphologies of the products were characterized by X -ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） re- spectively. The NTE coefficients of the samples were measured by three different methods. The effects of testing method on NTE coefficients were investigated. The results indicate that the resulting product is cubic ZrW2O8. The average thermal expansion coefficient of cubic ZrW2O8 is - 5. 605 × 10^-6 K-1 from room temperature to 600℃ obtained by high temperature X - ray diffraction measurement and Power X software ; and that of sintering ZrW2O8 ceramic rod is - 10. 709 × 10^-6 K^-1 and pressing ZrW2O8 powder rod is -4. 490 × 10^-6 K^-1, obtained by thermal dilatometer. The measuring method, density and microstructure all have effects on the measurement of NTE coefficient of the samples.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 265-269 [Abstract] ( 1465 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 333KB] ( 1582 )

	270	Experiment on air supplying position for improvement of jet pump cavitation performance
		Long Xinping, Guan Yunsheng, Wang Fengjing, Xiang Qingjiang
		Experiments on the cavitation performence by air supply method in jet pumps of area ratio 2.78 and 4.94 were carried out. The cavitation induced noise and vibration varied with air flow rate in different positions were measured under several cavitation conditions. The experimental results show that air supply in the throat tube under different cavitation conditions can decrease the cavitation noise and vibration. The greater the air-supply flow rate is, the more effective the noise and the axial vibration acceleration are reduced. The noise can be decreased by up to 5.1 dB and the maximum vibration reduction can reach to 4.3 m/s2. Air supply can improve the pressure distribution along the throat pipe, and damage the choke phenomenon which occurs in two-phase cavitating flow under limiting cavitaion conditions. Thus, the cavitation performance of water jet pump is improved. Air supply near and upstream the minimum pressure position in the throat pipe is more effective in inhibiting cavitation in a jet pump, and the optimal air-supply position is between 1 - 3 times the diameter of the throat pipe.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 270-273 [Abstract] ( 1393 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 350KB] ( 1628 )

	274	Design of fluidic sprinkler＇s jet component based on offset jet theory
		Li Hong, Yuan Shouqi, Xiang Qingjiang, Chen Chao
		The wall-attachment radius and distance as function of offset ratio were deduced by using attachment point model and control volume model. A late the wall-attachment radius and the distance of computer program was written and applied to calcufluidic component of fluidic sprinkler controlled by clearance typed 10PXH and 30PXH. The calculating result coincides with the actual size of sprinkler approximately, which indicates that the calculating method could guide the geometric design of fluidic component. The flow in the core area of fluidic component is analyzed with Kimura＇s model. The calculating results show that the wall-attachment takes place inside the core area of jet flow in the fluidic component.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 274-278 [Abstract] ( 1244 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 281KB] ( 1801 )

	279	Development and application of design program for crankshaft of reciprocating pumps
		Sh iWeidong, Jiang Xiaoping, Xu Jianqiang, Ye Xiaoyan, Hu Jingning-
		In order to raise the design level of reciprocating pump, and to slove the problems such as large amount of work, complicated process, and making mistakes easily in crankshaft design and strength checking, a DLL application program was developed on VC ＋＋6.0 and run on AutoCAD by using ObjectARX, APDL, MFC, ADO, and technologies such as discrete curve and graph digitizing. In this program, such tasks as designing, drawing 3D models by parameterization, strength checking and FEM to crankshaft could be fulfilled. The results and data indicate that the program can enlarge the capability of pump unit, modify the defects in crankshafts, select the most favorable alternatives to crankshafts, and increase design efficiency.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 279-283 [Abstract] ( 1247 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 343KB] ( 1891 )

	284	Model experiment on large-scale non-grid-connected wind power system
		Gu Weidong-
		In order to resolve the universal problem that the contribution rate of wind power to electricity net was lower than 10%, because of the high degree of instability in wind energy which seriously restricts wind power application, a new approach to develop the non-grid-connected wind power is proposed. In the new approach, the large-scale wind power is not connected into the power grid but is directly applied tO a series of end-users which are suitable for the characteristic of wind power. The feasibility of non-grid wind power directly applied to the chlorine-alkali electrolytic aluminum production is studied by model experiment. Results of experiments show that the chlorine-alkali and aluminum production are able to adapt to wind power characteristics. The voltage or current fluctuations in production process only affect the output of products, but do not affect the quality of products and processes. When the dual power sup- ply is applied, non-grid wind power is automatically complemented by the grid so that the normal operation of electrolytic baths is ensured. It is proved that the use of non-grid wind power production of largescale industrialization is feasible.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 284-287 [Abstract] ( 1228 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 257KB] ( 1624 )

	288	A novel real-time harmonic detection method using fast lifting wavelet transform
		Liu Hui, Liu Guohai, Shen Yue-
		A new real-time harmonic detection method for active power filters based on lifting wavelet transform was proposed. A classical Daubechies wavelet primary function was factored into lifting steps of second generation wavelet using Euclidean algorithm for harmonic analysis. The improved real-time frame operation algorithm can avoid the reconstruction of data frames by joining the current sample values with history data in succession. Period extension method was adopted in lifting wavelet process and resolving data edge influence. Real-time harmonic detection algorithm was constructed by self-writing Simulink/ Embedded Matlab. The C codes, which were generated from Simulink/RTW and dSPACE/RTI tools, were loaded into dSPACE real-time hardware system, and the analysis was completed. Experimental resuits show that the proposed method can abstract harmonic component accurately, reduce the control tran- sient adjusting time to less than one period wave, and achieve hardware implementation rapidly. It is proved that the lifting wavelet transform algorithm can save half of time compared with the first generation wavelet mallet algorithm.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 288-292 [Abstract] ( 1329 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 332KB] ( 1793 )

	293	Clustering of medical image based on Gaussian mixture density model
		Song Yuqing, Wang Chunhong, Chen Jianmei, Xie Conghua
		Problem of medical image clustering was studied. A kind of K - EM clustering algorithm based on Gaussian mixture density model was proposed. Human abdominal image data was processed with this algorithm, in order to classify liver, kidney, spleen and other major organs. In this algorithm, abdominal image pixel data was randomly selected, the QAIC information criterion was used to determine the best class number of training samples, and K - means clustering algorithm was used to get initial parameters of this mixture model. Multiple iteration of the expection maximum （EM） algorithm was used to set up the mixture density model of abdominal image data. According to Bayes rule, all pixels of the abdominal image were partitioned into the corresponding Gaussian components of the mixture model, and the correct rate and the misjudgement rate of partitioning all pixels of each organ were obtained. Results of experiments show that the average correct rate of the classification of the algorithm is higher than 85% and its misjudgement rate is lower than 10%, which are better than the results of K -means algorithm.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 293-296 [Abstract] ( 1217 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 256KB] ( 1855 )

	297	Fast scalar multiplication based on subset of double-base number system
		Wang Yuanyuan, Yin Xinchun
		A new algorithm based on subset of double-base number system（DBNS） was proposed in order to improve the efficiency of scalar multiplication. The concept of subset of DBNS was described, and storagespaee and precomputation time were decreased from tz2 to 3n -2. A greedy algorithm was deduced to compute the DBNS chain at the same time. The number of 2-integers is smaller, so that the length of DBNS chain becomes a little longer. Mixed-coordinate was used to optimize the algorithm. The new rithm was compared with the traditional fixed-point window algorithm and Dimitrov method, and the resuits show that the new algorithm is more efficient in computation time and storage space than others.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 297-301 [Abstract] ( 999 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 284KB] ( 1569 )

	302	Synthesis of WO3-Fe2O3 heterojunction and its photocatalytic activity
		Xie Jimin, Lv Ping , Lv Xiaomeng , Ding Jianlin, Lin Jiamin-
		α-Fe2O3 and hexagonal cubic WO3 nanorods were successfully prepared by new combustion synthesis and hydrothermal method, respectively. WO3-Fe2O3 heterojunction was prepared by solvent dispersion method. The product was characterized by XRD, TEM, BET specific surface area and UV - Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （DRS）. The photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction. The results indicate that particles are all rodlike, with sizes of about 80 nm and specific surface area of 46.91 m2/g. The heterojunction has a strong absorption in the visible light range and its band gap is calculated to be 2.4 eV. WO3-Fe2O3 has marked photocatalytie degrada- tion activity of multiple dyes. The highest degradation efficiency is reached at 97.73% when 0.1 g WO3-Fe2O3 （ω（Fe2O3） = 5% ）was dispersed in 100 mL at 10 mg/L Rhodamine B. Basis on the calculated energy band positions, the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity is discussed.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 302-305 [Abstract] ( 2466 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 273KB] ( 2018 )

	306	Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a new manganese complex [Mn （PyPhen） 2Cl2]
		Che Guangbo, Li Xiuying, Xu Zhanlin, Liu Chunbo, Yan Yongsheng
		A new complex [ Mn （PyPhen）2Cl2] based on the pyrazino [ 2,3 -f] [ 1,10 ] phenanthroline （PyPhen） ligand was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG and single crystal X ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c, with α = 0.847 47（10） nm, b=1.251 29（14） nm, c=2.2705（3） nm, β = 94. 955 0（10）°, V=2.398 8（5） nm3, Z=4, R1 =0.037 4, wR2 =0.0914. The manganese （II） atoms in distorted octahedral coordination geometries. [ Mn （PyPhen）2Cl2 ] is stacked between the PyPhen ligands to form a 3D supermolecular architecture. [ Mn （ PyPhen）2Cl2] have through π-π interactions
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 306-308 [Abstract] ( 1497 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 199KB] ( 1594 )

	309	Elastic-plastic fracture analysis of multiple-cracks with two-parameters under biaxial loads
		Wang Zhongxian, Jiao Guangchen-
		The elastic-plastic fracture J- A2 method was performed to study the collinear two cracks in plate under biaxial load. By using finite element analysis, the fracture driving force J - integral and constraint parameter A2 of the main crack-front were calculated with different crack sizes and different dis- tances of cracks in biaxial load condition for different load ratios. As a comparison, the analysis result under uniaxial load condition was also presented. Results show that the constraint parameter A2 strongly depends on the tension that parallels with the crack, and the constraint increases with the tension when the J - integrals are the same. The constraint level of main crack-tip increases with the increasing length of the adjacent crack under uniaxial load condition, but it decreases with the increasing length of the ad- jacent crack under biaxial load condition. The constraint level of main crack-tip decreases with the increasing distance of the cracks under all load conditions.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 309-312 [Abstract] ( 1086 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 246KB] ( 1370 )

	313	RC structure beam-column model with consideration of shearing deformation
		Zhang Qiang, Zhou Deyuan, Zhu Mengyang, Zhu Limeng
		The RC structure under monotonic loading was analyzed, including axial bending and shear effects. Based on the plastic stress-strain theory of multi-axis stress state, and taking into account of shear deformation in plastic region to stiffness of the element, the tangent flexibility matrix which accounts for nonlinear shear deformation of column element during the complex loading was set up. Shear deformations are thus uncoupled from axial and bending effects in the section stiffness, but shear and bending forces become coupled at the element level because equilibrium is enforced along the beam element. The model is validated by comparing calculated values with experimental data on the shear performance of columns.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 313-316 [Abstract] ( 1199 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 261KB] ( 1851 )

	317	Existence of symmetric solutions of a singular elliptic equation
		Jin Lingyu, Wang Xia, Fang Shaomei-
		A class of singular p - Laplace equations is considered. Using the concentration-compact principle, the Dirac functions existed in this problem are discussed for the case of＂s = 0＂ and＂s 50＂ respectively. Then a minimal energy level is determined. This minimal energy level is the level which makes PS conditions of the problem hold. Finally through a series of exquisite estimates, the existence of G - symmetric solutions is obtained.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 317-320 [Abstract] ( 1000 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 197KB] ( 1530 )

	321	Stability of a kind of third-order impulsive differential system
		YAO Hong-Xing, Zhu Qing
		By constructing the equivalent system and Lyapunov function, the stability for a kind of third order impulsive differential system at fixed times is investigated. Stability is obtained for a kind of impulsive differential system at fixed times by themethods involving construction of Lyapunov function. So the conclusion is drawn that p （t） = 1 is the full condition of uniform stability for a generic impulsive differential system at fixed times. The impulsive effect on the stability of the system of crucial impact is also studied. Finally the application of this method is illustrated with some examples.
		2009 Vol. 30 (3): 321-324 [Abstract] ( 987 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 207KB] ( 1388 )

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