As an ideology and lifestyle, consumerism impacts the harmonious relationship between man and nature, and brings about the ecological environmental risks caused by human factors. The institutional root of capital logic, the practical root of alienated labor and the cognitive root of instrumental rationality constitute the internal logic of the formation of ecological environmental risks from the perspective of consumerism. These risks are gradual, cumulative and hidden ones, showing themselves in environmental safety,health and ethics. We should establish the awareness of ecological environment risk, improve the control and guidance mechanism of capital operation under socialist conditions, keep constructing green consumption mode, and strive to improve the ability of controlling ecological environmental risks.