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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2007 Vol.25 Issue.4
Published 2007-07-25
article
Article
1 Experiment on cavitation noise and vibration in liquid jet pump
LONG Xin-ping, , WANG Lei,
The experimental study on the noise and vibration in liquid jet pump was conducted.The B&K accelerometer and hydrophone were used for the measurement of the cavitation noise and vibration at different part of jet pump under different operating modes.The measured results reveal that:(1) The primary source of cavitation noise in jet pump is monopole source and the effect of dipole source increases with the augment of velocity and intensity of turbulence;(2) With the development of cavitation,the intensity of noise and vibration increase and the most intensive place moves from throat tube to diffuser;(3) Before critical cavitation,the smaller the area ratio is,the stronger the fluctuation of noise spectrum is.In post critical cavitation stage,the noise spectrum degree decreases smoothly with the increase of frequency;(4) When incipient cavitation occurs,there is a sharp increase about 5~10 dB at the whole spectrum.This sharp increase can be adopted as an indicator of whether or not the incipient cavitation occurs;(5)The vibrations in three orthogonal directions are in different modes.The vibration perpendicular to the axial direction overwhelms that to the axial direction.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 1-5 [Abstract] ( 1413 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 497KB] ( 1466 )
6 Experimental study on the pressure in the balance cavity of floating impeller
LIU Zai-lun, WANG Bao-ming, LIANG Sen
The structure and principle of the floating impeller of water pump were introducted.The pressure of balance cavity of 3BA-6 single stage single-suction volute pump was measured.The result showed that the pressure of balance cavity changes with the flow rate on conditions that the packing ring diameters are equal and the rear packing ring diameter is enlarged.The analysis was compared with the experimental data.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 6-8 [Abstract] ( 1533 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 83KB] ( 1550 )
9 Influence of rotating speed change to the performance of centrifugal pump
PEI Yi, TIAN Li, YANG Xiao-zhen, SHI San-ming
The rotating speed has an influence on the pump performance.The operating point of centrifugal pump is affected by the characteristics of both pumps pipelines.By changing the rotating speed of pump in both open and closed pipelines,together with experimental data and calculated results for 50-160 type pumps,the effects of power are studied in detail.The effects of energy saving of variable speed pumps in the closed circuit are different from those in the open pipeline system.The reason is that there is a static head in the open system causing the pump efficiency varying.The energy saving effects of variable speed pumps in open systems are discussed and calculation examples are provided.According to the calculated result of 50-160 type pumps,the pump power in closed system is 76.47% of that in open system.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 9-13 [Abstract] ( 1649 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 139KB] ( 2194 )
14 Experimental study on a new self-priming equipment of centrifugal pumps
YANG Feng-ge, LIU Hou-lin, TAN Ming-gao, YANG Feng-lei
In order to realize the self-priming for normal centrifugal pumps,a new self-priming equipment with simple structure was designed,which can be maintained conveniently and combined to centrifugal pump as a whole.The design of this equipment was based on the technique of self-priming tanks.A jetting-recycle system was added to the self-priming tank.When the pump starts,the equipment begins to work,which increases the speed of mixing gas and liquid in the pump inlet,as well as the separating speed in the pump outlet.So the self-priming time decreases significantly.The experimental results indicate that the new equipment can decrease the self-priming time evidently,the minimum self-priming time is just 11 s,and the performance curve is steady and smooth.The external characteristic of centrifugal pump is not influenced,the pump efficiency is decreased by 1.83% at design point.So the equipment can meet engineering needs.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 14-17 [Abstract] ( 1324 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 131KB] ( 1522 )
18 Application of the redevelopment of ANSYS in calculating the shaft intensity of pumps
SHEN Yong-juan, SHI Wei-dong, ZHANG De-sheng
In order to simplify the process of pump shaft strength calculation by ANSYS software,APDL language is used to compile the program file for calculating pump shaft strength.The circulation and redevelopment command are used to the design interface to input different kinds of parameters.Build model is generated automaticly with simplified chamfer and worm in the model.The grid division style is advanced smartsize meshing.So with this software,all steps in the calculation of strength,from model to grid dividing,loading and calculation could be completed automaticly.Users only need to input parameters when calculating the strength of pump shaft of various types.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 18-21 [Abstract] ( 1410 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 183KB] ( 1413 )
22 Radial sealing technology on centrifugal pump
GUO Shun-gui, ZHOU Xian-hua
The seal parts for pump shaft are important parts of centrifugal pump.In this study several non-leakage rotary seals for centrifugal pumps(including stratiform shearing type packing seal,magnetic fluid seal,dry-gas seal,power seal,and stop seal etc.),the structure,the characteristics and applicable situations are discussed.Successful cases from home and abroad are enumerated.Moreover,a kind of pump of special structure that changes the inhalation to the side is introduced which makes the pumps having no leakage to some extent.By applying these radial sealing measures safe sealing can be realized.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 22-26 [Abstract] ( 1417 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 171KB] ( 2302 )
27 Estimation of water suction time for fire pumps
ZHU Jian-peng, JING Xiang-hua, LU Shou-fang, WANG Feng-zhou
The factors affecting fire pump′s water suction time were analyzed.A relationship for water suction time and pump flow was obtained.A mathematic model for the fire pump′s water suction time was established.The formula is derived.From 3 kinds of fire pump′s water suction experiments,it shows that this formula is successful and viable to make fire pump′s parameters more accurate.It is also very meaningful for designing a useful and reasonable fire pump.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 27-29 [Abstract] ( 1075 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 95KB] ( 1318 )
30 Study on the optimum test of pumping station outlet
LI Da-liang, ZHANG Xiao-fang, CHEN Song-san
In order to have a deeper understanding of hydraulic properties of the box outlet,research and experiments have been done about the Bodugang Pumping Station′s outlet.By adjusting flow pattern and reducing the hydraulic loss,model test and numerical simulation were conducted to optimize the hanging depth,the shape of outlet rearward and the distance between the outlet rearward and pumping axis.The results show that the design of outlet is reasonable.The hanging depth is unreasonable if bigger or smaller.The shape of outlet rearward should adopt the symmetrical spiral case.The site of whirlpool in the outlet is determined and the causes of the phenomena are analyzed.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 30-33 [Abstract] ( 1238 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 166KB] ( 1395 )
34 Application of combination support technique by anchorage and concrete in renovation of pumping station
TANG Zheng-jun
Combination support technology by anchorage and concrete is a new technique used to maintain the stabilization of slope earth in tunnel excavation or excavation of structures′ deep foundation.The technique is rarely used in construct of hydraulic engineering.In Jiangdu′s two pumping stations,the technique is used in the project of wing wall for clearing dangerous illness and strengthening.Compared with earth-retaining wall program,combination support technology has many merits,such as shorter construct time,smaller earth volume,lower fabrication cost and more convenient construct.The project invest is two thirds of that of the earth-retaining wall program.In the projects,the earth behind the wing wall is replaced with cinder to reduce the load,the pervious hose tubes are buried to reduce the water level behind the wing wall,and the excavated section towards the road is supported by anchorage.Many methods are used in designing the combination support,such as increasing the size of injected hole,gravity injecting,increasing the diameter of the main bar,increasing the anchoring depth,increasing the quantity and the diameter of the bar,reducing the anchoring separation,and so on.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 34-37 [Abstract] ( 1064 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 103KB] ( 1437 )
38 Study on seep-irrigation characterization of irrigation system under gravitional force
YUAN Qiao-xia, CAI Yue-qiu
In order to design properly a low pressure irrigation system for water sabing and to study the seep-irrigation characterization under gravitational force in greenhouse,a simulated test is conducted to study the infiltration rate of seepage-pipe and infiltration characterization of soil moisture by controlling the initial soil moisture,soil compaction,hydraulic height and depth of seepage-pipe under gravitational force.The test results show that infiltration capacity of the seepage-pipe varies with time in power-law,and the infiltration rate varies cubically with time.After irrigation,the area of wetting and soil moisture are influenced by hydraulic height,initial soil moisture,soil unit weight and depth of seepage-pipe in different degrees.The effects of 4 factors on infiltration rate are in descending order as hydraulic height,initial soil moisture,soil unit weight and depth of seepage-pipe.The interactions of hydraulic height,initial soil moisture and soil unit weight influence significantly on infiltration rate too.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 38-42 [Abstract] ( 1625 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 119KB] ( 1248 )
43 Development and applications of low-water-head drip irrigation filter
QIN Yong-guo
To solve the problems of opening blockage and high water-head loss in drip irrigation system,some kinds of open filters are developed,which have different cross sections,such as box type,cylindrical-type and prism-type.The results of hydraulic performance test show that water-head loss of cylindrical-type filter is the least(7.95 cm) when flow rate is 2 m3/h and that of box-type filter is the least(16.93 cm) when flow rate is 5 m3/h.Both meet the requirement of less than 30 cm water-head loss.The practice proves their excellent performance of good filter effects and lower water-head loss.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 43-45 [Abstract] ( 1398 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 84KB] ( 1318 )
46 Application and study on dish separator in agricultural irrigation for Yellow River
SUN Bu-gong, GONG Jun, XIN Zhou
To solve the problem of silt separation for Yellow River′s water for agricultural drip irrigation,the dish silt separator is designed considering the major characteristics of silt in Yellow River.The key constructional parameters of separator are calculated.The experiment system to separate the silt of Yellow River is discussed.The effects on separation efficiency are qualitatively summarized and evaluated by the analysis of gradation efficiency on limpid liquid.The major factor and best parameter combination are analysed by making a primary orthogonal regression test.The regression equation is found out based on orthogonal regression test.The results showed that the separation efficiency of separator is related to rotation speed of drum closely and is less related to nozzles and the gap between two dishes of disc separator.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 46-49 [Abstract] ( 1263 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 103KB] ( 1399 )
50 Realization of the electric valve′s PI control in pump test-bed based on PLC
YOU Ya-feng, MA Xin-hua, LI Qiao-jun, Xiao Kai-hua
The control of electric valve is important to the auto-control system of the pump test-bed.The control system of electric valve adopts industrial computer,which determines the optimal operating conditions of the test flux according to expert system.With sensor data received from the pump parameter measuring instrument,the industrial computer analyses acquisition of the corresponding data and sends instructions to the PLC.In the PLC,the PI control method is adopted,with the enactment and self-adjustment of the PI parameter,in which the output of PI regulator is proportional to the import of the deviation,and is also proportional to the deviation time to the integral.The PI control method eliminates the static error of the control process and achieves a closed-loop adjustment of the precise valve control.The monitoring software,PLC software,the communication software of PLC and industrial computer are designed.And the control,data acquisition and processing of pump test are achieved.The experiment indicates that the PI control method has fairly good stability and dynamic behavior to the flux adjustment in water pump testing.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 50-53 [Abstract] ( 1213 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 111KB] ( 1687 )
54 PLC control system of the GMB200-2.5 of reciprocating diaphragm pump
ZHANG Hong-sheng, XIE Hai, SHI Qin-xiao
The control of the diaphragm pump all uses the relay control,in which the control precision is low,and the operational reliability is poor.To solve the above problem,PLC control in reciprocating diaphragm pump is adopted.The PLC examines the signal which reed pipe transmits and controls the electromagnetic valve′s opening and closing so that to change the piston′s displacement.Hydraulic system use PLC to control electromagnetic valves thus to control the oil chamber volume and diaphragm displacement.The OMRON CPM2A is taken as an example to introduce PLC control system of reciprocating diaphragm pump.As it is proved,it can increase the precision and the reliability of control,reduce the rate of malfunction,and enhance the life expectancy.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 54-56 [Abstract] ( 1346 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 103KB] ( 1457 )
57 Calculation and analysis of electric field in electrostatic spraying by corona discharge method
CHEN Zhi-gang, YANG Chao-zhen, SUN Ying-kun, CHU Jin-yu
To study the distribution of the electric field in electrostatic spraying by corona discharge method,the electric field induced by a multi-needle electrode arranged in ring shape was calculated by simulation charge method and through running program based on matlab language.The values of the potential and electric strength as well as their distributing figures were obtained.It is found that the induced electric field is extremely uneven and field strength is affected by the structure parameters of electrode such as the diameter of the annular electrode,curvature radius of the needle electrode,voltage on the electrode,the number of the needle electrodes and the height from the centre of the annular electrode to the ground.During the transporting process of the droplets from the nozzle to target,the electric field induced by the electrode plays an important role only at the beginning.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 57-60 [Abstract] ( 1146 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 209KB] ( 1457 )
61 Zeolite-GAC biological filter for pretreatment of micro-polluted source water in Lanzhou section of Yellow River
WANG Ying, WEI Li, YANG Ya-hong, XIE Gang
Zeolite-GAC biological filter was used for pretreatment of micro-polluted source water of Lanzhou section of Yellow River.Wastewater flowed upward through the Zeolite-GAC biological filter.By means of natural bio-film,biological film is attached and grown on the surface of the fillers after a series of comparative experiments.Under different conditions of HRT,removal efficiency of pollutants was detected and measured.The bio-film endurance of shock loading,under a certain condition of gas and water ratio and HRT,was detected and the effects of Zeolite filter bed are compared with Zeolite biological filter and active carbon biological filter.The results show that under the conditions of HRT of 40 min,air-water ratio 1∶ 1,and water temperature 25~30 ℃,the removal rate NH3-N,CODcr,UV254,and turbidity are averaged at 95%,32.68%,9.42% and 70.10%,respectively,with high resistance to shock loading.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 61-63 [Abstract] ( 1068 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 92KB] ( 1314 )
64 Progress on piezoelectric micropump based on MEMS
HE Xiu-hua, ZHANG Rui, JIANG Quan-ying
Piezoelectric micropumps for MEMS have actuator parts,working parts and control parts,which are all integrated together.The actuator parts are made of piezocrystal.Piezoelectric micropumps are classified as piezoelectric membrane micropumps and piezoelectric supersonic ones according to different working principles and structure differences.In this article,both single-chamber piezoelectric micropumps and multi-chamber ones are introduced.Piezoelectric micropumps are widely used in the places of micro-flow control due to the advantages of its small size,simple structure and quick response etc.The authors not only introduce the recent research advances at home and abroad,but also point out the main subjects in future research of piezoelectric micropumps.
2007 Vol. 25 (4): 64-68 [Abstract] ( 1623 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 132KB] ( 2185 )
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