Abstract：Drip irrigation with Yellow River water has become an important way to solve water shor-tage. However, emitter clogging is a major problem for extending drip irrigation. The scanning electron microscope(SEM)technology and fractal theory were used to analyse the surface topography characteristics of sediment particles in the Yellow River. The results showed that there was a complex biofilm on the surface of sediment particles, which consisted of solid suspended particles, microorganism and extracellular polymers(EPS). The surface topography of sediment particles expressed the fractal and multifractal characteristics, while the multifractal singularity spectrum was more suitable to characterize the complex surface topography of sediment particles.With its huge surface area, a large amount of microorganism could be adsorbed on the sediment surface in the Yellow River, and the extracellular polymers secreted by microorganism was up to 276.08-360.68 mg/L. Innovative or novel control strategies need to be established for emitter clogging of drip irrigation with Yellow River water. The sediment particles and the interaction between sediment particles and microorganism should both be considered to seek more effective methods to control emitter clogging.
王伟楠, 徐飞鹏, 周博, 冯吉, 李云开. 引黄滴灌水源中泥沙表面附生生物膜的分形特征[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2014, 32(10): 914-920.
Wang Weinan, Xu Feipeng, Zhou Bo, Feng Ji, Li Yunkai. Structural and fractal characteristics of biofilm attached on surfaces of sediments in Yellow River for drip irrigation. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin, 2014, 32(10): 914-920.
[1]Dasberg S, Or D. Drip Irrigation [M]. Berlin:Sprin-ger, 1999.[2]Li Yunkai,Yang Peiling,Ren Shumei, et al.Hydraulic characterizations of tortuous flow path drip irrigation emitter[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics:B,2006,18(4):449-457.[3]Nakayama F S, Bucks D A. Water quality in drip/trickle irrigation: A review[J]. Irrigation Science, 1991, 12(4): 187-192.[4]Adin A, Sacks M. Dripper-clogging factors in wastewater irrigation[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 1991, 117(6): 813-826.[5]Capra A, Scicolone B. Assessing dripper clogging and filtering performance using municipal wastewater[J]. Irrigation and Drainage, 2005, 54(S1): 71-79.[6]Ravina E P,Sofer Z A,Marcu A S,et al.Control of emitter clogging in drip irrigation with reclaimed wastewater[J]. Irrigation Science,1992, 13(3):129-139.[7]Ravina E,Sofer Z,Marcu A,et al.Control of clogging in drip irrigation with stored treated municipal sewage eff-luent[J].Agricultural Water Management,1997,33(2):127-137.[8]Li Yunkai,Yang Peiling,Xu Tingwu,et al.CFD and digi-tal particle tracking to assess flow characteristics in the labyrinth flow path of a drip irrigation emitter[J].Irrigation Science,2008,26(5):427-438.[9]李云开,宋鹏,周博,等. 再生水滴灌系统灌水器堵塞的微生物学机理及控制方法研究[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(15):98-106. Li Yunkai, Song Peng, Zhou Bo, et al. Microbiology mechanism and controlling methods for emitter clogging in the reclaimed water drip irrigation system[J]. Tran-sactions of the CSAE, 2013, 29(15): 98-106.(in Chinese)[10]Mandelbrot B B, Passoja D E, Paullay A J. Fractal character of fracture surface of metals[J].Nature,1984,308(19):721-723.[11]San Jose Martinez F,Caniego J, Guber A, et al. Multifractal modeling of soil microtopography with multiple transects data[J]. Ecological complexity, 2009, 6(3): 240-245.[12]Li Yunkai, Liu Yaoze, Li Guibing, et al. Surface topographic characteristics of suspended particulates in reclaimed wastewater and effects on clogging in labyrinth drip irrigation emitters[J]. Irrigation Science, 2012, 30(1): 43-56.[13]Liang Mingchao, Wang Tianzhi, Li Yunkai, et al. Structural and fractal characteristics of biofilm attached on the surfaces of aquatic plants and gravels in the rivers and lakes reusing reclaimed wastewater[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2013,70(5):2319-2333.[14]章萍. 基于显微观测及图像处理的煤粉颗粒检测[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,2004.[15]杨志远, 曲建林, 周安宁. 超细煤粉颗粒形状分形维数与球磨工艺的研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2004, 29(3): 342-345. Yang Zhiyuan,Qu Jianlin,Zhou Anning. Study on the relationships between the profile fractal dimensions of coal ultra-fine powders and their grinding technologies[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2004, 29(3): 342-345.(in Chinese)[16]李金萍, 盖国胜, 郑洲顺, 等. 粉体颗粒的分形表征与分维计算[J]. 有色矿冶, 2005,21(S1):92-94. Li Jinping,Gai Guosheng,Zheng Zhoushun,et al. Fractal characteristics of powder particles and the calculation of fractal dimension[J]. Non-ferrous Mining and Me-tallurgy, 2005,21(S1):92-94.(in Chinese)[17]管孝艳. 再生水灌溉条件下不同尺度土壤质量的定量模拟研究[D]. 北京:中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,2009.[18]沈中原, 李占斌, 李鹏, 等. 流域地貌形态特征多重分形算法研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2009, 20(3): 385-391. Shen Zhongyuan, Li Zhanbin, Li Peng, et al. Multifractal arithmethic for wastershed topographic feature[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2009, 20(3): 385-391.(in Chinese)[19]San Jose Martinez F, Caniego J, Guber A, et al. Multifractal modeling of soil microtopography with multiple transects data[J]. Ecological Complexity, 2009, 6(3): 240-245.[20]Pennanen T, Liski J, Bååth E, et al. Structure of the microbial communities in coniferous forest soils in relation to site fertility and stand development stage[J]. Microbial Ecology, 1999, 38(2): 168-179.[21]Dubois M, Gilles K A, Hamilton J K, et al. Colorime-tric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1956, 28(3): 350-356.[22]葛令行,魏正英,曹蒙,等. 微小迷宫流道中的沙粒沉积规律[J]. 农业工程学报, 2010,26(3): 20-24. Ge Lingxing, Wei Zhengying, Cao Meng, et al. Deposition law of sand in labyrinth-channel of emitter[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010,26(3): 20-24.(in Chinese)
