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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2018 Vol.39 Issue.6 Published 2018-11-10

	Article

Article

	621	Control strategy of powersplit HEV based on optimal transmission efficiency
		WANG Shaohua, LI Jiaxin, SHI Dehua, SUN Xiaoqiang
		To investigate a powersplit hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), the lever method was used to analyze the dynamic behavior of the power coupling mechanism, and the ratio of the motor speed, torque and power to the engine was obtained. The ratio of transmission efficiency to electric power of the vehicle was calculated, and the power split and circulation phenomena were analyzed. To avoid power circulation phenomenon and ensure high transmission efficiency of the vehicle, the mechanical point(MP) control strategy was formulated, and the optimal switching threshold K value was optimized. The dualplanetary HEV model was built on the AVL/Cruise platform, and the whole vehicle energy management strategy was built in MATLAB/Simulink. The control strategies were simulated and verified under NEDC cycle condition. The results show that compared with the OOL control strategy, the MP control strategy can guarantee the higher efficiency of transmission system with state of charge(SOC) kept in good scope, and the equivalent fuel consumption per hundred kilometers of HEV is decreased by 8.5% with effectively improved fuel economy.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 621-627 [Abstract] ( 449 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2971KB] ( 1059 )

	628	Numerical analysis of influencing factors on sloshing of oil liquid in automobile fuel tank
		ZHANG Enhui, HE Ren
		When the automobile works under variable conditions，the large amplitude sloshing of oil liquid in fuel tank can lead to vibration noise, increasing evaporative emission and stopping supplying fuel at high speed. To investigate the law of oil liquid sloshing in fuel tank, the 3D finite element model of tank filled with oil liquid was established. The effects of tank arrangement way, filling amount, tank shape, acceleration, keeping acceleration time and tank pressure on oil liquid sloshing were simulated respectively, and the position diagram, the dynamic pressure curve of designated oil liquid position and the total pressure curve of designated point were obtained by volume of fluid (VOF) method. The simulation results show that the major influencing factors on oil liquid sloshing are filling amount, fuel tank shape, keeping acceleration time and acceleration, which are the primary factors of dynamic pressure of oil liquid sloshing, pressure fluctuation, impact force of gravity potential energy and the maximum pressure value, respectively.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 628-633 [Abstract] ( 470 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2512KB] ( 875 )

	634	Modal acoustic contribution analysis of tractor cab

		To recognize the effect of major vibration models on the earside noise level of tractor driver, the calculation model among sound pressure in cab sound field, structural model and acoustic modal contribution factors was established. Based on the structureacoustic coupling finite element model of tractor cab, the simulation was conducted to analysis the modal acoustic contribution to the peak noise in different frequency bands, and the main vibration modes were obtained according to the contribution value. The main vibration models were rectified, and the sound pressure levels(SPLs) of pre and post rectification were compared. The results show that the improved main modes can significantly reduce the peak noise level and the SPL at tractor driver′s earside in the frequency band, and the noise can be effectively controlled by dividing frequency band.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 634-639 [Abstract] ( 451 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2648KB] ( 874 )

	640	Direct yaw moment control of electric vehicle based on nonsmooth control technique

		Based on the nonsmooth control technology, a nonsmooth direct yaw moment control strategy was proposed for the inwheel motor drive electric vehicle with seven degrees of freedom and the second degrees of freedom. The upper controller was designed based on the yaw torque control by estimating the centroid side angle of mass center and the angular speed of vehicle directly by the sensor. The yaw moment was distributed by the lower controller, and the yaw angular velocity and the centroid side angle of the system can track the expected value respectively. The results show that in the presence of lumped disturbances of external disturbances, unmodelled dynamics and system uncertainties, the nonsmooth direct yaw moment controller has strong robustness to improve the stability of electric vehicle under extreme driving conditions. Under the continuity condition, the nonsmooth controller can provide the best control performance.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 640-646 [Abstract] ( 612 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2224KB] ( 801 )

	647	Influence of thermal aging on oxidation performance of soot

		Diesel exhaust particle may be suffered thermal aging by high temperature exhaust gas, because it can not be regenerated immediately after being filtered by diesel particle filter (DPF). Based on thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), the effects of thermal aging on oxidation characteristic of soot under the condition of different temperatures, time and oxygen concentrations were investigated. The microstructures of corresponding aging particles were determined by the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and compared with thermal test results. The results show that the activation energy of soot is gradually increased with the increasing of aging temperature. With the increasing of aging time, the activation energy is increased approximately linear first with latter unchanging. Compared with the thermal aging without oxygen, the activation energy of soot treated by thermal aging with oxygen is relatively higher, and the oxygen concentration has slight influence on the activation energy. When temperature, duration time and oxygen concentration of thermal aging are increased, the diameter and the core area of the basic carbon are decreased，and the outer structure is changed more compacter to form a steadier shell.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 647-652 [Abstract] ( 367 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2978KB] ( 739 )

	653	Modeling and analysis on flow characteristics for a new type biomass pellet rotary burner

		A new type of biomass pellet rotary burner was chosen as research object, and the geometrical model was established by Pro/E software. The fluid finite element model of biomass pellet rotary burner was meshed by unstructured mesh generation technique and preprocessed by Gambit software. Based on the kε turbulence model, the flow characteristics of rotary burner were simulated by Fluent software, and the effects of pressure distribution, velocity distribution and turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the rotary burner were analyzed. The results show that the pressure, velocity and turbulent kinetic energy of burner are increased with the increasing of wind speed at the inlet of burner, while the pressure, velocity and turbulence kinetic energy between burner inlet and rotary combustion chamber are greater than those in other areas. The maximum values are obtained at secondary air, and the pressure, velocity and turbulent kinetic energy distribution of rotary combustion chamber are uniformly distributed.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 653-658 [Abstract] ( 314 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3208KB] ( 895 )

	659	Contact behavior of bimetallic composite elastomer friction pairs

		To solve the large contact stress of high and secondary members with single material, the bimetal composite with high and low elastic modulus was designed to increase the contact deformation of the members and facilitate the existence of lubricant film with reduced friction. Based on Hertzian contact theory, the finite element model was established. Under the same load, the contact pressure and the contact deformation of single material and bimetallic composite elastomer were analyzed, and the friction and wear comparison tests were carried out. The results show that the bimetallic composite elastomer has relatively larger actual contact area than the single highside member, which can effectively reduce the contact stress.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 659-663 [Abstract] ( 322 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1856KB] ( 832 )

	664	Numerical simulation of flow characteristics for natural gas hydrate in vertical tube

		To investigate the ideal hydraulic lifting condition of deepwater gas hydrate slurry production pipeline, the parameters of slurry velocity, concentration, particle size and particle density in the production pipeline were divided into 12 groups. Based on the Euler twofluid model in Fluent software, the SIMPLE algorithm and the standard kε turbulence model, the hydrate particles in the pipeline were analyzed to compile UDF, and the proposed scheme was simulated and analyzed. The results show that the relative error between hydrate particle concentration and experimental data is less than 20%, which indicates that the model is feasible. With the increasing of lifting speed and with the decreasing of slurry concentration, particle size and particle density, the hydraulic transportation becomes more favorable. To meet the safety requirements of system and with the consideration of economic factors, the lifting concentration should be 20% with particle size of 0.010.02 m, and the lifting speed and the particle density should be controlled with the ranges of 1.41.8 m·s-1 and 1 0201 190 kg·m-3, respectively.Under the proposed conditions, the ideal lifting situation can be obtained with reliable system.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 664-670 [Abstract] ( 401 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2963KB] ( 940 )

	671	Influencing characteristics of phase change temperature on thermal performance of phase change energy storage wall

		The influencing characteristics of the relationship between phase change temperature of phase change material (PCM) and thermal environment of the wall on the thermal performance of PCM wall was analyzed by onedimensional enthalpy model. The essential laws to significantly improve the thermal performance of PCM wall were obtained. The complete melting and freezing processes were occurred ,and the unmelted and unsolidified PCM at the end of phase change processes is the fundamental guarantee for high thermal performance of PCM wall. The central temperature at the environmental temperature range of wall equals to the central phase change temperature of PCM,which is the basic condition for determining whether the PCM energy storage function can be used. The slight and persistent deviation of the two values can remarkably influence the effect of PCM. The low utilization ratio of PCM in wall can produce high control ability of environmental temperature fluctuations and achieve good thermal performance of PCM wall.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 671-677 [Abstract] ( 385 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1910KB] ( 965 )

	678	Effects of different extraction technologies on wheat germ oil quality

		To investigate the effects of subcritical, ultrasonic and organic solvent methods on the extraction of wheat germ oil, the corresponding moisture content, yield, extraction rate, acid value, peroxide value, anisidine value, saponification value, composition of fatty acid and Vitamin E (VE) were measured. The results show that yield, extraction rate, saponification value, unsaturated fatty acid and αVE are the highest by subcritical extraction technology with the values of (10.37±0.12)%, (90.52±0.12)%, 176.19 mg·g-1, 86.70% and 9 252.20 mg·kg-1,respectively. However, acid value, peroxide value and anisidine value are the least with the values of 8.95 mg·g-1, 2.18 mmol·kg-1 and 0.46, respectively. Yield, extraction rate, saponification value, unsaturated fatty acid and αVE are the least by organic solvent extraction with the values of (7.78±0.15)%, (67.89±0.15)%, 159.89 mg·g-1, 75.80% and 7 526.00 mg·kg-1,respectively. However, acid value, peroxide value and anisidine value are the highest with the values of 11.37 mg·g-1, 3.18 mmol·kg-1 and 0.96, respectively. The extraction technology has obvious effect on wheat germ oil quality , and the quality of wheat germ oil is the best by the subcritical extraction technology.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 678-682 [Abstract] ( 373 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1339KB] ( 957 )

	683	Detection of peroxidase activity in potato leaves under stress of late blight using hyperspectral imaging

		To solve the difficulty of detecting potato late blight in real time, a prediction model was proposed based on XLWPLS model to predict the correlation between hyperspectral information of potato late blight leaves and POD activity of peroxidase. To reduce the dimension of spectral data and improve the operation speed of model, the prediction model was established by combining the continuous projection algorithm of SPA and the load coefficient method of XLW to select the characteristic wavelengths. The hyperspectral information and the peroxidase (POD) activity of potato leaves at different infection periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were measured. The spectral reflectance curves of samples were extracted by ENVI software and combined with various chemometrics methods to establish the association prediction model of hyperspectral information and peroxidase activity of potato late blight leaves. The results show that the LSSVM prediction model based on the full spectrum information has good prediction effects with RC of 0.916, RMSEC of 19.539 U·（g·min）-1 for calibration sets, RP of 0.932 and RMSEP of 14.966 U·（g·min）-1 for prediction sets. The XLWPLS model has the best prediction effects with RC of 0.870, RMSEC of 37.969 U·（g·min）-1， RP of 0.892 and RMSEP of 28.922 U·（g·min）-1. It is feasible to use realtime hyperspectral technology to detect potato late blight.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 683-688 [Abstract] ( 364 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1701KB] ( 961 )

	689	MPI parallel implementation of partial label learning algorithm based on weighted neighbor distance

		To solve the problems that the instancebased partial label learning (IPAL) spent too much time on calculating the neighbors of each sample and the weight of the neighbors was not suitable for largescale data, a new partial label learning method was proposed based on the weighed neighbor distance to improve the calculating way of neighbor weight. To enhance the operating efficiency of the new method, the parallel computation was carried out on the reading of training set and testing set, the construction of similarity graph, the propagation of iterative markers and the prediction of test samples. The parallel model of the new method was designed and implemented in MPI cluster environment. The running efficiency and the classification accuracy of the improved serial algorithm of weighted instancebased partial label learning (WIPAL) were compared with those of IPAL, and the running time and the acceleration of the parallel algorithm of parallel weighted instancebased partial label learning (PWIPAL) were compared for different process numbers. The experimental results show that the new method can shorten the running time with good accuracy of classification. The classification accuracy of PWIPAL is the same with that of WIPAL, and the speedup ratio of runtime is gradually close to the number of processes set with the increasing of data scale. The proposed method can be used to deal with largescale data.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 689-695 [Abstract] ( 323 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1305KB] ( 913 )

	696	A classification learning algorithm of SBSCLearning using stepbystep learning model

		The baseclassifiers of the Learn++.NSE are separate, and the previous classifiers cannot help the forming of subsequent classifiers. The classification accuracy rate of the algorithm should be improved further. To solve the problem, drawing on the experience of the human learning process, the learning mechanism within the Learn++.NSE algorithm was optimized by the proposed SBSCLearning gradual learning algorithm to transform the original independent learning of baseclassifiers into a stepbystep learning. The disadvantages of Learn++.NSE were analyzed, and the process of SBSCLearning algorithm was given. The incremental learning was conducted first on the basis of baseclassifier, and the final ensemble result was then finished. The classification accuracy rates of SBSCLearning and Learn++.NSE were compared based on the test data. The experimental results show that the SBSCLearning has the advantages of both incremental learning and ensemble learning and can improve the classification accuracy compared with the Learn++.NSE. For the artificial SEA data, the average classification accuracy rates of SBSCLearning and Learn++.NSE are 0.982 and 0.976, respectively. For the real rotating checkerboard data, under different Constant, Sinusoidal and Pulse environments, the average classification accuracy rates of SBSCLearning are 0.624, 0.655 and 0.662 with those of Learn++.NSE of 0.593, 0.633 and 0.629, respectively.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 696-703 [Abstract] ( 354 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1924KB] ( 988 )

	704	Methylene blue photocatalytic efficiency analysis under different forms of load titanium dioxide thin film

		To solve the problem of current photocatalysis with low catalytic efficiency, the immobilized loading of titanium dioxide was carried out on glass sheet, fiber membrane and steel wire mesh by solgel method and leaching technique. The effects of preparation and catalytic process on the catalytic degradation of titanium dioxide were analyzed with methylene blue as target pollutants. The results show that with the increasing of dip coating number, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of methylene blue on the surface of titanium dioxide is increased with latter stability. The decreasing sequence of removal rate is glass sheet, fiber membrane and steel mesh, and the best numbers of film coating are 3,4 and 4, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of titanium dioxide prepared by glass coating for 4 times is the highest, and the degradation rate for 4 h UV can reach 75.3%.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 704-707 [Abstract] ( 339 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1599KB] ( 877 )

	708	Mechanical characteristics of shear connectors under repeated loads

		By the pushout tests with monotonic load and repeated load, the mechanical characteristics of bearing capacity, loadslip curve, ductility, initial stiffness, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity were investigated for 12 specimens in 3 types of angle connectors, channel connectors and TPBL connectors. The results show that the ultimate bearing capacity and the initial stiffness of channel connectors are better than those of angle connectors and TPBL connectors. The initial stiffness of all specimens have slight difference between monotonic load and repeated load. With the increasing of load cycle, the stiffness of specimens keeps decreasing, and the stiffness degradation of channel connector is slight with degradation sequence of angle connector and TPBL connector. TPBL connector has the best energy dissipation capacity, and angle connector has the worst value. With the increasing of load cycle at the same load level, the energy dissipation capacity of specimens is decreased.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 708-713 [Abstract] ( 342 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2554KB] ( 876 )

	714	Application of hangar tunnel in disaster prevention of road high slope

		The high slope geological disaster is easily happened, and it can block the transportation and delay the disaster relief in choke points of mountainside roads. Considering site condition, construction difficulty, tunnel safety, structure reliability, convenience and waterproof, the hangar tunnel scheme was applied in the section of LongshengZiyuan road line. The finite element analysis software was used to calculate the forces of hangar tunnel structure under different situations. The results show that the force of the main parts of hangar tunnel is in safety range. The structure design with high force is optimized to enhance the safety factor of hangar tunnel. After experiencing high slope disasters of landslides and falling rocks during the operation phase, no obvious diseases are found in the arched hangar tunnel structure, and the traffic on the section is not affected.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 714-720 [Abstract] ( 350 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3546KB] ( 898 )

	721	Numerical analysis of box concrete filled steel tubular members under pure torsion

		To investigate the mechanical behavior of box concrete filled steel tubular specimens under pure torsion, 13 model specimens were analyzed by ABAQUS. The stress changes of concrete, section steel and reinforcement during cracking and failure were discussed. Based on the traditional superposition principle of bearing capacity, the torsional bearing capacity of steel reinforced concrete members was improved. The results show that the stress changes of different concrete specimens are similar before cracking. When the specimen reaches the limit state, the steel tube and part of the stirrups yield basically, and the steel bar with longitudinal stress is not yielded with the cracks of cracked concrete developing in the direction of 45 degrees. The error between calculated bearing capacity and numerical simulation value is small, which proves that the improved bearing capacity superposition method is reasonable with accurate correction coefficient.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 721-727 [Abstract] ( 367 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2449KB] ( 855 )

	728	Horizontal voids distribution characteristics of porous asphalt pavement

		To research the horizontal voids distribution characteristics of porous asphalt pavement, the core samples from one cross section of Ninghang highway were incised, and the digital image processing technology was used to analysis the void characteristics at different sections of the core samples. The results show that the main reason of clogging in porous asphalt pavement comes from subsidence of runoff suspended particles during rainfall. The deep section clogging is more serious than that in the shallow section, and the outside section clogging becomes more serious along the flow direction. The ratio of void clogging in shallow section of inside wheel track is less than that of nonwheel track. During the usage of porous asphalt pavement, the effect of wheel loads leads to further compaction, and the voids of wheel track and heavy lane are relatively small. Double porous asphalt layers and inside low lateral high slope can slow down the clogging of porous asphalt pavement.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 728-732 [Abstract] ( 333 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1829KB] ( 972 )

	733	Shear strength characteristics of recycled asphalt pavement material

		To investigate the shear strength characteristics of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material, the standard proctor compaction test was conducted to obtain the optimum water content and the maximum dry density of RAP samples. To analyze the effects of embankment height and temperature under construction in different seasons, a series of consolidated drained (CD) triaxial tests were performed on RAP specimens at different confining pressures and compaction temperatures. The results show that the crushed RAP material is comparable to wellgraded gravel soil, which indicates that RAP is good as embankment fill. Compaction temperatures and confining pressures have significant influence on the CD shear strength behavior of compacted RAP samples. At a given confining pressure, the CD shear strength is increased with the increasing of compaction temperature due to the decreased void ratio of compacted RAP. At a given compaction temperature, the initial tangent modulus and the CD shear strength are increased with the increasing of confining pressure. The cohesion of RAP is increased linearly with the increasing of compaction temperature, while the compaction temperature has slight effect on the internal friction angel.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 733-738 [Abstract] ( 390 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2372KB] ( 927 )

	739	Durability of road cooling coating under different working conditions

		To investigate the endurance performance of a novel pavement coating under different working conditions, two types of new cooling coatings were prepared. The cooling effects of the cooling coatings were investigated systematically. The endurance properties of cooling coatings under single working condition were discussed through water resistance, temperature changing resistance, chemical resistance and wearing resistance tests. Simulating the environmental factors and vehicle factors, the endurance tests of cooling coatings under complex working conditions were conducted using pressure resistance, rutting resistance and wearing resistance indices. The results show that the novel cooling coating has excellent cooling performance, and the best cooling effect can reach above 9 ℃. Under the single working condition, water resistance, temperature changing resistance, chemical etching resistance and wearing resistance of cooling coatings can meet the requirements of standards. Under the complex working conditions, the pressure resistance and the rutting resistance coefficients are both above 90%, and the wearing mass loss is less than 0.2 g. The new pavement cooling coatings have excellent endurance performance to meet the road requirements.
		2018 Vol. 39 (6): 739-744 [Abstract] ( 338 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1260KB] ( 813 )

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