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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2021 Vol.39 Issue.12
Published 2021-12-25

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2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1- [Abstract] ( 21 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1568KB] ( 412 )
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2021 Vol. 39 (12): 2- [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 967KB] ( 441 )
1189 Research progress on hydraulic ram pump of high-efficiency and energy-saving performance
LI Jiazhen*,YANG Kailin,REN Xianming,GUO Yongxin
In order to clarify the technical development and application status of hydraulic ram pump, the development history of hydraulic ram pump technology, and briefly introduces the basic structure of hydraulic ram pump were reviewed. On this basis, it expounds the efficiency calculation method of hydraulic ram pump, and combs the development of theoretical design method of hydraulic ram pump. Then, the research and development status of hydraulic ram pump at home and abroad was summarized, and the fundamental reasons for the limited development of hydraulic ram pump in China are put forward. It is pointed out that simplifying the manufacturing and assembly process, developing large-scale hydraulic ram pump manufacturing technology, and developing lightweight and split hydraulic ram pump are the key points of future development. Then it is concluded that the system para-meters and structural parameters are the main factors affecting the hydraulic ram pump. Finally, the practical application status of hydraulic ram pump at home and abroad is compared and analyzed. It is proposed that the development and application of hydraulic ram pump should be based on the theoretical model of the whole operation process of hydraulic ram pump considering the dynamic opening and closing process of discharge valve and delivery valve, and the manufacturing technology of hydraulic ram pump suitable for different groups or objectives should be developed. The research results provide a certain reference for expanding the application scope of hydraulic ram pump and improving the manufacturing technology of hydraulic ram pump in China.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1189-1195 [Abstract] ( 59 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1598KB] ( 1211 )
1196 Effect of blade gap drainage on the performance of high-speed inducer
CHENG Xiaorui,*,LI Min,LI Tianpeng
To study the effect of blade gap drainage on the performance of high-speed inducer, a high-speed centrifugal pump with a front inducer was selected, and the internal flow field of the high-speed centrifugal pump with five different gaps in the inducer blades was numerically simulated, and the effect of the inducer blades drainage on itself and the cavitation performance on high-speed centrifugal pump was studied. After slitting, the velocity distribution in the section of the inducer, the characteristic curve outside the inducer, the cavitation characteristic curve of the high-speed centrifugal pump, the cavitation distribution in the inducer flow channel, and the static pressure distribution law of each section of the inducer along the axial position were compared and analyzed.The results show that setting gaps on the blade surface can weaken the impact of the leakage flow of the inducer tip clearance on the pipe wall, weaken the vortex near the suction surface of the blade inlet, and improve the flow pattern in this area. The gap can change the distribution of the pressure in the inducer passage, thereby affec-ting the distribution of the bubbles in the inducer passage, and a reasonable design of the size of the gap can improve the cavitation performance of the high-speed centrifugal pump.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1196-1202 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 17662KB] ( 423 )
1203 Steady state performance of upstream pumping mechanical seal with tilt seal face of oil-gas mixture pump in gas transportation
PAN Guojun,WU Xinyi,LUO Xianwen,LIAN Jiadi*,XU Jing
Upstream pumping spiral groove mechanical seal of oil-gas mixture pump in gas transportation was taken as the research object, and based on gas lubrication theory and finite difference method, the influence of operation parameters and structure parameters on steady state performance of the seal were researched in the case of considering the relative inclination of seal rings. The numerical results indicate that, compared with film pressure distribution of parallel seal gap, the film pressure peak values and high pressure areas are obviously increased in the region of film thickness decreased when the seal rings have relative inclinations, and the film pressure peak values and high pressure areas are obviously decreased in the region of film thickness increased. No matter how the research parameters change, the opening force, leakage rate and gas film stiffness are all increasing with the increase of relative inclinations. Increasing the rotating speed, designing a smaller equilibrium film thickness or optimizing groove structure parameters can effectively enhance the upstream pumping capacity of the seal to achieve zero leakage of the sealed medium, and can effectively improve the opening performance and stability of the seal.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1203-1209 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 208 )
1210 Linear control design and internal flow analysis of diffuser trailing edge based on CFD
GONG Xuran,CAO Puyu*,WANG Yang,ZHU Rui,WANG Yefu
In order to improve the hydraulic performance of multistage submersible pump, the method of combining test verification and numerical simulation was adopted for Q80-20 multistage submersible pump. The linear equation was used to express the variation of the wrap angle of the diffu-ser and explore the influence of the change of equation slope on the separation flow in the corner of diffuser. CFX17.1 was used to simulate the whole flow field of the two-stage model, and the results show that the hydraulic performance of diffuser is better when the slope of linear equation is negative than positive. On the basis of negative slope, two schemes are adopted for optimization. When the linear equation intercept is kept constant and the slope is gradually reduced, the results show that the transverse secondary flow in the center of the hub is weakened, the spanwise secondary flow from the hub to the shroud is enhanced, the accumulation of low-energy fluid in the corner region is inhibited. The performance of diffuser increases unidirectionally with the decrease of slope. Shroud wrap angle remains unchanged, and the gradually decreasing slope also enhances the spreading secondary flow from the central hub to the shroud. However, the energy loss increases due to the intensified transverse scour at the inlet, which results in first increase and then decrease of the hydraulic performance of the diffuser, and there is an optimal slope. The results provide the research foundation and scientific support for the subsequent research on the influence of diffuser stacking on the hydraulic performance of multistage submersible pumps.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1210-1217 [Abstract] ( 41 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6551KB] ( 695 )
1218 Shape optimization and experimental study of dove wing measuring flume in rectangular channel
LIU Hongtao,CAI Die,WU Bo,ZHAO Ruijuan,WEI Xiying,QU Zhongyi*
In order to solve the problem of limited application of measuring flume in the plain irrigation area, a kind of measuring flume with pigeon wing shape was designed by using the contour of pigeon wings and bionic optimization design method, and the hydraulic characteristics of measuring flume under different flow patterns were studied by model test. The test results show that the stable relationship between water depth and flow rate still exists in the case of free flow; the location of hydraulic jump is different in different flow patterns; the hydraulic jump occurs near the exit section in the case of free flow, and near the throat in the case of submerged flow; the flow measurement accuracy in the case of free flow is higher than that in the case of submerged flow, and the flow measurement error is between 2% and 3%, but the flow measurement error decreases with the increase of flow rate in the case of submerged flow.The critical submergence of dove wing flume is above 0.850, and the maximum submergence is 0.933. The pigeon wing measuring flume has good performance, which can be used in stan-dardized design and engineering application.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1218-1222 [Abstract] ( 36 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2649KB] ( 473 )
1223 Campus rainwater control and benefit analysis based on low impact development
WANG Xing,RONG Guiwen,SUN Shuangke,ZHENG Tiegang*,HU Liangyu
Taking Anhui University of Science and Technology as the research object, the storm water management model(SWMM)was constructed by using four low impact development(LID)schemes(grass swale, sunken green space, rainwater tank and grass swale-sunken green space-rainwater tank combination)to simulate the hydrological and water quality performance of various LID schemes under different rainfall recurrence periods, and the economic benefits were evaluated. According to the results, the runoff reduction efficiency of grass swale is the best, which can delay the peak time of flow and reduce the pollution load. Except the rainwater tank, the other three LID schemes have good environmental benefits. If better pollutant control effect is wanted to achieve, more cost is needed to invest, sunken green space or combination LID scheme can be used, which can effectively reduce peak flow, alleviate urban drainage network load, and reduce the effect of pollutants better. It can provide theore-tical support for the application decision of LID practices in Chinese campuses.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1223-1229 [Abstract] ( 35 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2581KB] ( 468 )
1230 Indoor experimental study on mechanical properties of composite fly ash and Pisha-sandstone cement soil
YANG Jian,LI Xiaoli*,WANG Hui,GENG Kaiqiang
To study the influence of fly ash on the mechanical properties, failure mode, microstructure and mesostructure of Pisha-sandstone cement soil, unconfined compressive tests were carried out on Pisha-sandstone composite cement soil with different fly ash content and different ages, the microstructure and apparent morphology of composite fly ash and Pisha-sandstone cement soil were analyzed and observed by a scanning electron microscope(SEM)and a 3D microscope with super depth of field. The results show that the proper amount of fly ash can promote the formation of the strength of the Pisha-sandstone composite cement soil. The stress-strain curve of composite fly ash and Pisha-sandstone cement soil can be divided into compaction stage, elastic stage, plastic yield stage and failure stage. The incorporation of fly ash is conducive to the increase of the deformation modulus of cementsoil, and can promote the deformation control of Pisha-sandstone composite cementsoil. The scanning electron microscope and super-depth three-dimensional microscope analysis shows that the active material in the fly ash glass body reacts with the cement hydration product calcium hydroxide in a strong alkali environment to generate a dense and stable C-S-H gel and AFt to form a network structure, promote the internal cementation of the specimen to be tighter, and the apparent gully holes are filled and compacted, thereby the strength of the Pisha-sandstone composite cement soil are improved, meanwhile its crack propagation and destruction are inhibited.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1230-1236 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8841KB] ( 481 )
1237 The design and experimental study of atomizing device based on rotary disc
PENG Chaohua,LIU Zhongfei,NI Peiyong,XI Guannan,SHI Weidong
According to the principle of hydrodynamic instabilities, a new rotary atomizer was designed and its strength was checked by the finite element software of ANSYS workbench. Besides, the atomization experiments were conducted on the device based on the technology of high-speed shadowgraph imaging and image processing with MATLAB. The results show that the maximum deformation is located at the disc and the stress is mainly concentrated at the support of the experimental device. The maximum stress of the device is 13.6 MPa, which is much less than the yield strength of the applied material. At the pump flow of 640 L/h and the disc speed of 200-800 r/min, the effect of ligaments and the thickness of liquid films are reduced significantly with the increase of the disc speed, and the average diameter of the droplets is reduced from 1 240 μm to 688 μm, which meant that the atomization effect of the device has been increased a lot with the increase of RPM. This work can provide a reference for further optimization of the device.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1237-1242 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11451KB] ( 486 )
1243 Experimental and simulation study on water infiltration characteristics of layered red soil
TU Anguo,NIE Xiaofei,LI Ying,LI Hongren,*
Analyzing the effect of soil structure on soil water transport is an important basis for improving soil water use efficiency and controlling non-point source pollution. In this paper, homogeneous soil with bulk density of 1.35 g/cm3 and 1.55 g/cm3 and its upper and lower tight layered soil structure are taken as the research objects to studied. The method of combining constant head water infiltration experiment by indoor soil columns and model simulation was used to analyze soil water infiltration process and water redistribution characteristics under different layer structure. The results show that the infiltration process of layered soil with soft top and dense bottom can be divided into upper infiltration stage and lower infiltration stage. Compared with homogeneous soil, the infiltration rate of the upper layer is reduced slightly and the initial rate of the lower layer is increases for layered soil, but has little effect on the stable infiltration rate of the lower layer. The layered soil can significantly improve the water content of the upper layer, and the water redistribution process has changed at the discontinuous mutation that occurs at the interface. When the HYDRUS-1D model is used to simulate soil moisture redistribution in the layered soil, the direct combination of homogeneous soil hydraulic parameters has poor simulation effect. If a satisfactory simulation result is needed, the parameters of the intake suction must be optimized. The research results can provide theoretical support for soil water management and pollution control in red soil areas.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1243-1249 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2019KB] ( 572 )
1250 Yield effect of subsurface drip irrigation and nitrogen supplement in different precipitation years
FENG Haoyuan,YIN Guanghua*,MA Ningning,GU Jian,CAO Xiujia,LIU Yongqi
Field experiment was conducted to study the maize yield effect of a long-term subsurface drip irrigation with nitrogen fertilizer supplement in different precipitation years under the condition of nature precipitation. Experiment is designed as a completely random stuff and results indicate that the total yield of wet year is greater than that in drought year. The yields between treatment W3N3 and W3N1 show no significant difference in different precipitation years. Irrigation affects maize yield significantly(P<0.05)in drought year and highly significantly(P<0.01)in wet year. Significant diffe-rence is not found among nitrogen supplement treatment in drought year but is noticed in wet year(P<0.01). There is a significant effect(P<0.05)in the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen supplement in drought year but no significant effect in wet year. Yield increases at first and then decreases with the promotion of nitrogen supplement in both kinds of precipitation years but the increment and decrement of yield in wet year is greater than that in drought year. An appropriate mode of irrigation and fertilization in different precipitation years is established: compound fertilizer(N∶P2O5∶K2O=15∶15∶15)is furrow applied in the amount of 450 kg/hm2 as base fertilizer in sowing period; total water supply amount is 48 mm and total nitrogen supplement amount is 120 kg/hm2 in drought year; total water supply amount is 36 mm and total nitrogen supplement amount is 240 kg/hm2 in wet year.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1250-1256 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1365KB] ( 449 )
1257 Effects of different nitrogen application rates on root architecture of processing tomatoes
JING Bo,NIU Ning,ZHANG Wenlong,DIAO Ming*
In order to explore the response mechanism of nitrogen application amount to the root structure, yield and quality of processing tomatoes, based on the critical nitrogen concentration model, four treatments were set up: no nitrogen application(N0), nitrogen application(200 kg/hm2)(N1), nitrogen application(300 kg/hm2)(N2)and nitrogen application(400 kg/hm2)(N3). The results showed that the total dry weight, total length, total surface area and total volume of processing tomato roots in 0-60 cm soil layer all increased first, then decreased with the growth stage advancing. The growth rate of dry weight and length of roots showed a trend of ″slow increase-rapid increase-slow increase-slow decrease″. From the planting to flowering stage, there was no significant difference in the dry weight and length of root system of processing tomatoes in each soil layer. After flowering, N2 treatment promoted the increase of total dry weight, total length, total surface area and total volume of root system, mainly reflecting the increase of dry weight of root system in 0-20 cm soil layer after flowering and the increase of length of root system in 20-40 cm soil layer at the seedling pulling stage. Compared with other treatments, N2 can significantly improve the yield of processing tomatoes, and has higher soluble sugar and lycopene. Based on the critical nitrogen concentration model, 44 kg/hm2 of nitrogen can be reduced and applied according to N1 treatment from planting to flowering stage of processing tomatoes, and 234 kg/hm2 of nitrogen can be applied according to N2 treatment at the fruit setting stage, red maturity stage and seedling pulling stage to ensure the best growth state of root system.

Guide: 
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1257-1263 [Abstract] ( 49 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1876KB] ( 463 )
1264 Experimental study on mechanical properties of basalt fiber- Pisha-sandstone cement soil
WANG Hui,LI Xiaoli,YANG Jian,GENG Kaiqiang
The property of Pisha-sandstone to be easily collapsed in water brings obstacles to water and soil treatment in the Yellow River Basin. In order to increase the utilization value of Pisha-sandstone, and reduce the cost of sediment treatment, an appropriate amount of cement and fiber was added to the Pisha-sandstone to improve its mechanical properties and functionality. Based on the reinforcement effect of basalt fiber(BF), the test block with 0.2%, 0.5% and 0.7% basalt fiber content was prepared. Unconfined compressive strength and SEM scanning electron microscope test were carried out. The effect of BF content and age on the strength of BF- Pisha-sandstone cement soil, and the formation mechanism of BF-Pisha-sandstone cement soil′s strength were explored and the stress-strain curve equation of BF participating in Pisha-sandstone cement soil was established. The results show that the incorporation of fiber effectively increases the strength of Pisha-sandstone cement soil, and its strength increases first and then decreases with the increase of BF. The peak strength is reached when the content is 0.2%; the later strength of BF- Pisha-sandstone cement soil is more obvious than that of Pisha-sandstone cement soil; the age of BF-Pisha-sandstone cement soil is positively correlated with the unconfined compressive strength, but is negatively correlated with its strength growth rate; Pisha-sandstone cement soil with a cement content of 10% and a fiber content of 0.2% can completely replace that with a cement content of 15%. At 28 days of age, the stress-strain curve equation of BF- Pisha-sandstone cement soil with BF content between 0 and 0.7% is established, which is convenient to reflect the stress-strain changes and failure conditions of each fiber content.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1264-1269 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5427KB] ( 457 )
1270 Visualization test on solid-liquid two-phase flow in a multistage pump
WU Xianfang,SONG Jushen,WANG Kai,LIU Heming,YE Heyu,TAN Minggao*
In order to study the flow characteristics of the solid-liquid two-phase flow in a multistage pump, the energy performance test and high-speed photography test were carried out to test the energy performance and particle motion law of the pump. The test results show that the head and efficiency of the pump under the solid-liquid two-phase flow condition are lower than those at the corresponding water flow rate, and the maximum reduction are 0.32 m and 2.92%, respectively. With the increase of particle diameter and density, the influence on the energy performance of the pump is more significant. Particles with different physical properties in the guide vane passage have a tendency to the guide vane pressure side. When the particles enter the guide vane, the closer the position to the back of the guide vane, the longer the trajectory. With the decrease of particle density and diameter, the trajectory of particles in fluid becomes smoother. At the inlet region of the guide vane, particles mainly enter the guide vane passage from the back of the guide vane, and the proportion of particles entering the guide vane from this position gradually decreases with the increase of particle diameter, and first increases and then decreases with the increase of particle density. The probability of collision between particles and guide vane head increases with the increase of particle diameter, and decreases with the increase of particle density.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1270-1277 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5381KB] ( 617 )
1278 Influence of liquid viscosity on internal flow structure in vortex pumps
QUAN Hui*,YU Xinyang,LI Yanan,SONG Kai,PU Haiyan,WANG Weihua
Taking 150WX-200-20 vortex pump as the research object, the change of pressure gradient and velocity gradient of the circulating and through flow in the vortex pump when transporting chemical waste liquid was analyzed, and the influence of viscosity on its internal flow structure was explored. The research results show that as the viscosity increases, the head of the vortex pump decreases, the shaft power increases, and the efficiency decreases. At the same time, the internal flow structure also changes. The circulating flow is compressed in the axial direction. A large amount of fluid accumulates in the retracting cavity, which reduces the efficiency of the swirl pump. The circulation flow and through flow in the vortex pump are quantified, and the best efficiency point in terms of pressure gradient and velocity gradient is analyzed. The change of viscosity changes the direction of the through flow velocity gradient, from first increase and then decrease to first decrease and then increase. For the circulating flow, the greater the difference between the maximum velocity gradient and the minimum velocity gradient when the viscosity is not higher than 0.10 Pa·s, the higher the efficiency, and when the viscosity is higher than 0.10 Pa·s, the smaller the difference, the higher the efficiency. This conclusion has important reference value and guiding significance for the application of rotary pump in the chemical field.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1278-1283 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7755KB] ( 522 )
1284 Analysis of flow loss characteristic of vortex pump based on entropy production
ZHAO Kaiyao,LIU Houlin*,DU Zhenming,TAN Minggao,HU Sheng,DONG Liang
To research the flow energy loss during the operation of the vortex pump, the numerical si-mulations under 30%, 50% and 100% best efficiency point flow rate conditions were developed. At the same time, the flow loss of different components inside of the pump was quantitatively analyzed based on entropy production theory. The results show that the total entropy production of the vortex pump decreases first and then increases during the operation. The area with the greatest energy loss is the volute and the back cavity, which accounts for more than 70% of the total entropy production. Entropy production of impeller area gradually increases with the increase of flow rate. Under the design flow condition, the proportion of the impeller area′s entropy production to the total entropy production exceeds 20%. The entropy production in the inlet extension region decreases with the increase of flow rate, and the proportion of entropy production is less than 1% at the design flow rate and the high flow rate. Flow field analysis shows that large-scale vortices and backflow are obvious in front of volute tongue and inlet flow passage under small flow conditions. The unstable flow area under design flow and large flow conditions is mainly concentrated in the impeller area, the vortex core is almost filled with all flow paths, and a large number of vortices cause flow paths blockage and backflow.The research provides a theore-tical basis for the optimum design of vortex pump.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1284-1290 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 13499KB] ( 500 )
1291 Statistical analysis of papers published in Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering in 2010—2020 based on CNKI
XU Yunfeng,SHENG Jie*,ZHANG Wentao,CHEN Jianhua,TAN Guopeng,ZHU Yiyun
On the 40th anniversary of the launch of the Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering, in order to better understand the Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Enginee-ring, on September 25, 2021, the papers published in this journal from 2010 to 2020 were statistically analyzed, based on the full-text database of the CNKI, using the bibliometric method, and the changes of papers, authors and influence were summarized. The results show that the total number of papers is 1 853 in 11 years, and the annual number of papers is on the rise. The length of the papers is also significantly longer. The column is basically stable, as the characteristic column, pump theory and technology with the most papers published, accounting for 36.10%.There are 14.24 references per paper. The author group is widely distributed, mainly from colleges and universities. The first author is most from Jiangsu University, accounting for 28%, and overseas papers account for 4.05%. There are more and more cross unit cooperation and teamwork, with an average of 4.71 authors and only 1.35% independent authors. The published papers have distinct disciplinary characteristics, and the occurrence frequency of key words ″numerical simulation″, ″centrifugal pump″, ″pressure pulsation″, ″cavitation″ and ″output″ ranks among the top five. The total citation frequency of this journal maintains an upward trend, and the influencing factors and citations per paper reach a high level. The research results objectively show the development process and academic influence of the Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering since its renaming, reveal the research hotspots and tendency to a certain extent, and provide some references for readers and related research.
2021 Vol. 39 (12): 1291-1296 [Abstract] ( 44 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1129KB] ( 568 )
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