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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2020 Vol.41 Issue.6 Published 2020-11-10

	621	Parking slot recognition of automatic parking system based on image gradient matching
		JIANG Haobin1, WANG Chengyu1, MA Shidian1, CHEN Jie2, HUA Yifeng3
		According to the requirement of automatic parking system for identifying the parking slot by visual method, a parking slot recognition algorithm was proposed based on image gradient and Gaussian weighted cosine distance. The acquired parking space image was dedistorted, and the inverseperspective transformation was performed to generate a top view. The gray processing and the image filtering processes were performed. The gradient of the preprocessed image was extracted by the Sobel operator, and the parking space position of parking slot was selected. An image gradient template was created, and a rotation template was created by bilinear interpolation to detect parking spaces at different angles. The Gaussian weighted cosine distance was used as the similarity measure to detect the position of parking slot in the image. The termination condition of the algorithm was designed to improve the speed of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the multiple parking spaces can be recognized under different working conditions by the proposed algorithm with fast recognition speed and not easy affecting by cracks on the road surface.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 621-626 [Abstract] ( 45 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2064KB] ( 1027 )

	627	Energy-saving mechanism and experiment of hybrid electromagnetic active suspension based on improved skyhook control
		MENG Xiangpeng1, SUN Zeyu2, DING Renkai1, WANG Ruochen2, CHEN Long1
		To coordinate the contradiction between improving the dynamic performance and reducing the energy consumption of the system, the hybrid electromagnetic active suspension (HEMAS) was used as a potential solution. Based on the improved skyhook control strategy, the general energysaving mechanism of HEMAS was realized compared with linear electromagnetic active suspension (LEMAS). Taking the passive suspension and the LEMAS as comparison objects, a comparison bench test was carried out. The test results show that compared with passive suspension, the RMS of vehicle acceleration and suspension dynamic deflection of the HEMAS are respectively reduced by 23.35% and 14.97% with good tire grounding ability. Compared with LEMAS, the electric power consumption of the HEMAS is reduced by 70.60% for the same dynamic performance, which verifies the superiority of HEMAS with consideration of the system dynamic performance and energy consumption.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 627-633 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4981KB] ( 632 )

	634	Lightweight design of body-in-white based on agent model
		ZHANG Jiangfan1， WANG Liangmo1， WANG Tao1， YUAN Liukai2
		To solve the problem that the traditional finite element method could not effectively realize the weight reduction of bodyinwhite, the proxy model technology was applied for the modeling and optimization design of the bodyinwhite system to realize the global weight reduction under the constraints of stiffness and modality. 16 key components were selected from the bodyinwhite， and the thirdorder response surface model， the radial basis function model and the Kriging model were constructed with the component thickness as design variable． The fitting accuracy of the proxy model was compared．With vehicle mass and firstorder torsional modal frequency as goals, the NSGAⅡ algorithm was used to optimize the multiobjective thickness of key parts．The optimized bodyinwhite was tested for stiffness modality and surface anticoncave performance．The results show that the thirdorder response surface model has the best fitting precision. The weight loss of the final body is 11.5 kg, and the bending and torsional rigidity of the vehicle body are respectively increased by 1.8% and 1.1%. The anticoncave stiffness of the side panel midplate surface is decreased by 7.8% without exceeding the safe range.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 634-639 [Abstract] ( 31 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2376KB] ( 742 )

	640	Optimization design and performance analysis of dual-rotor in-wheel motor based on parameter sensitivity#br#
		LI Junmin1, 2， HE Ren1
		To overcome the shortcomings of two kinds of inwheel motors existing in the practical application of electric vehicles, an integrated electric wheel structure was proposed based on dualrotor motor. Multiple working modes of single drive for internal and external motor, coupling drive, regenerative braking and composite braking could be realized to meet the requirements of electric vehicles under multiple operating conditions. Aiming at the complex structure of the dualrotor inwheel motor, a parametric motor model was established. With average output torque and torque ripple as optimization goal, the key structural size parameters with the greatest impact on motor optimization targets were selected, and the optimal values were determined based on the combination of parameter sensitivity and response surface methodology. The electromagnetic properties of noload magnetic field distribution, back EMF and output torque of the motor were verified by the finite element analysis. The results show that the properties are significantly improved after the parameter optimization. The segmented oblique pole can optimize the rotor structure of the dualrotor inwheel motor, which effectively reduces the cogging torque and further improves the operational reliability.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 640-647 [Abstract] ( 50 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3840KB] ( 722 )

	648	Matching and simulation of power system of hybrid electric logistics vehicle
		ZHAO Shangyi1, ZHENG Qingxing2,3, LIU Haosen2,3
		To improve vehicle emission performance and reduce fuel consumption, a hybrid vehicle with gasoline engine was designed on the premise of ensuring the power with a traditional rearaxledriven diesel vehicle as prototype. A new power system was designed by theoretical matching calculation, and a reasonable power distribution control strategy was formulated. The whole vehicle model was built by AVL Cruise, and the acceleration and climbing simulation experiments were carried out. Based on CWTVC, the cycle simulation analysis was carried out to obtain the dynamic performance results and economic results. According to the multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm, the vehicle structure parameters and control parameters were optimized on the premise of battery state of charge （SOC）balance. The results show that the theoretical matching calculation results are reasonable. Before optimization, the climbing performance, the acceleration performance and the maximum speed can meet the dynamic performance index. The fuel consumption of the designed hybrid vehicle is 28.00% lower than that of the original vehicle. After optimization, the comprehensive energy consumption of the whole vehicle is 15.00% lower than that before optimization.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 648-654 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1433KB] ( 846 )

	655	Study on water gas shift reaction with Au/CeO2 catalyst under oxygen conditions
		LI Kai1, WANG Pan1, LI Zhenguo2, CUI Chenrui1, LEI Lili1
		The Au/CeO2 catalyst with 3% Au loading was prepared by depositionprecipitation method. The physicochemical properties were investigated by characterization methods, and the catalytic activity of water gas shift reaction (WGSR) was investigated by fixedbed reactor experiments. The results show that the Au element is uniformly dispersed on the surface of carrier, which can improve the redox performance and CO adsorption performance of the catalyst for enhancing the activity of the catalyst. When the reaction temperature is 300 ℃, the conversion of CO in the WGSR experiment is increased by 56.0%. O2 can promote the decomposition of carbonate on the surface of catalyst and restore the active site of catalyst, which significantly increases the conversion of CO at low temperature. When the reaction temperature are 200 and 250 ℃, the conversion rates are increased by 15.0% and 17.5%, respectively.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 655-660 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2246KB] ( 621 )

	661	Analysis of internal friction and viscosity-temperature effect on vaporization and properties of sealing liquid film
		CHEN Huilong， HAN Ting， LI Xinwen， LU Juncheng， XIE Xiaofeng
		Due to the factors of high water temperature in the sealed medium and internal friction heat generation in the lubricating film, the waterlubricated mechanical seals often cause vaporization of liquid film and affect sealing performance. To investigate the influence of viscositytemperature effect and internal friction effect on the vaporization and sealing performances of liquid film,a computational model of liquid film vaporization was established,and the relationship between saturation temperature and pressure of water, the viscositytemperature effect and the fluid internal friction effect were taken into account. The results show that the two effects mainly affect the properties of lubricating film and sealing performance through the change of medium viscosity. For the sealing medium with high temperature, the temperature change of the lubricating film mainly depends on the temperature rise caused by the internal friction heat and the temperature drop caused by the normal temperature pumping flow. The viscosity temperature effect reflects the temperature change in the viscosity change, and it also causes the changes in internal frictional heat, pumping effect and dynamic pressure effect to affect film pressure, film temperature and phase transition. The two effects have obvious influence on film pressure and film temperature at high speed. When the rotational speed is lower than 5 000 r·min-1, with the increasing of speed, the liquid phase vaporization is significantly suppressed, and the vaporization degree is decreased rapidly. When the rotational speed is higher than 5 000 r·min-1, the internal friction heat heating, the increase of vaporization in diffusion gap and the carrying and diffusion of highspeed flow on the vapor bubble caused by the high rotational speed can increase the degree of vaporization, while the result of ignoring two effects is significantly deviated. The internal friction effect decreases the opening force and increases the leakage, while the viscositytemperature effect increases the opening force and decreases the leakage.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 661-669 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11154KB] ( 510 )

	670	Analysis of temperature field and controlling temperature rise of target car high-speed solid tire
		RUAN Jie1,2， WEI Guoliang1,2， LIN Weiyu1,2
		To accurately simulate the temperature field distribution of rolling solid tires, a simulation method of viscoelastic force field of rolling tire was proposed to accurately calculate the heat generation rate of rubber compound. To study the tire of target car, the influence of Mullins effect on the viscoelastic behavior of rubber was considered, and the MooneyRivlin model was used to simulate the viscoelastic field of rolling tire. The heat generation rate was accurately calculated by the Fourier coefficient to simulate the temperature field of the rolling tire, and the temperature of the tire was experimentally tested to verify the simulation method .The test results show that the calculation of the heat generation rate by the viscoelastic field of rolling tire can simulate the steady temperature field of tire more reasonably and accurately. Based on the proposed simulation method, the relationship between the highest temperature and the structure and material of tire can be investigated, and the temperature resistance limit of the tire can be improved by changing the process, the rubber material and the tire structure.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 670-676 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3727KB] ( 601 )

	677	Recognition and location of noise source of combine harvester based on sound intensity testing
		WANG Chenglong, SHANG Yujun, XU Hongmei, JIANG Wei, DONG Jiajun
		Taking a combine harvester as research object, based on the sound intensity test technology, the surface acoustic intensity of the harvester was tested by pp method. According to the sound intensity distribution results of each test surface, the main noise sources of the harvester were analyzed and identified. The test results show that when the harvesting machine cutting, threshing, cleaning and other operating mechanisms stop working (that is, when the combine harvester is not in operation), the main noise source of each test surface is from the engine. When the cutting, threshing, cleaning and other operating institutions work normally (that is, when the harvester is under working condition), the main noise sources of each test surface are different. The front noise source is mainly from the engine, the header device and the intermediate conveying device，while the back end noise source is mainly from the threshing device, the cleaning device and the engine exhaust system. The left side noise source is mainly from the header device and the threshing device，and the right side noise source is mainly from the engine and header device.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 677-684 [Abstract] ( 38 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4863KB] ( 505 )

	685	Effect of drying parameters on drying characteristics and energy consumption during alfalfa drying process
		GAO Dongming, LUO Gang
		To solve the problems of high energy consumption and imprecise drying process control during alfalfa drying process, the drying characteristics of alfalfa stalks with the hardest drying difficulty were investigated in different drying stages with stem diameter and drying process parameters as research factors. The key effect factors on energy consumption and drying efficiency were researched to determine the optimal dryingsetting of different drying stages. The results show that all drying rates are experienced with the accelerated and decelerated drying stages under different drying parameters. For the drying energy consumption, the decreasing effect sequence is followed by wind speed, stem diameter, drying temperature follow and flattening coefficient. For the drying time efficiency, the deceasing effect sequence is followed by drying temperature, stem diameter, flattening coefficient and wind speed. The stem diameter has significant effect on drying energy consumption and efficiency, which shows that it is very important to change the drying parameters reasonably when the growth and yield of alfalfa are different for drying energy saving and efficient improving. To reduce the energy consumption, the drying strategies are advised with wind speed of 1.0 m·s-1, high drying temperature in the early stage, low drying temperature in the middle stage and rewarming at the end of drying. To improve the time efficiency, the drying strategies are advised with flattening coefficient of 90% and drying temperature varying in wave pattern from high to low. In each drying stage, the optimum drying temperature for energy consumption is lower than that for time efficiency.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 685-693 [Abstract] ( 43 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2312KB] ( 487 )

	694	Uncertain Topk query algorithm based on parameterized sorting
		ZOU Zhiwen, ZHANG Chi
		To solve the problem of Topk query algorithm for widely used uncertain data without enough efficiency, a new parameterized Topk query algorithm (ETK) was proposed based on the analysis of possible world model. The data probability and the score were constrained by the algorithm, and the top k data with the highest Topk probability and the score were returned to comprehensively consider the two attributes of data probability and score. To improve the algorithm efficiency, the pruning methods were proposed based on data score, data existence probability and data dominance relationship. The proposed algorithm was compared with the previous algorithms, and the experiments were carried out for different parameters. The results show that the proposed algorithm has improved time consumption performance for dealing with uncertain data.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 694-698 [Abstract] ( 39 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 743KB] ( 590 )

	699	Structure optimization and thermal performance analysis of finned tube oil cooler
		WANG Yinghui， SONG Chunguang
		To improve the thermal performance of finned tube oil cooler, an improved method applying elliptical tube with multiunit fin (louvered fin and vortex generator with rectangular shaped winglet at the rear of tube) was proposed. Based on the kε turbulence model, the velocity, temperature and pressure distribution of the finned tube and the multiunit finned tube were calculated and achieved by threedimensional numerical simulation. The thermal performance of the finned tube and the multiunit finned tube were compared using the comprehensive evaluation factor JF. The results show that the heat transfer factor j and friction factor f of the multiunit finned tube are both significantly higher than those of the finned tube in the range of Reynolds number from 550 to 2 100. The factor j is increased by 1.64 to 1.79 times, and f is increased by 1.69 to 1.71 times. The JF factor is increased by 37.8% to 49.6%. A larger increasing of JF factor corresponds to a lower Reynolds number, and a smaller increase corresponds to a higher Reynolds number. The thermal performance of the multiunit finned tube is superior to that of the finned tube.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 699-704 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3801KB] ( 571 )

	705	Fenton reaction catalyzed by nanoiron molecularly imprinted polymers
		HAN Liuqi, ZHU Yuchen, ZUO Liangliang, LI Kun, YUAN Xinhua
		The template molecule of pnitrophenol (PNP) was complexed with ferric chloride hexahydrate to form complex. Using methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinking agent, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) catalyst precursor was prepared by bulk polymerization. The template molecule was removed， and Fe3+ in the MIP catalyst precursor was reduced by boron sodium hydride solution to obtain nanoiron molecularly imprinted polymer (FeMIP) catalyst. FTIR, SEM, UVVIS, TEM and BET were used to characterize the performance and structure of FeMIP catalyst. Nanoiron nonmolecularly imprinted catalyst (FeNIP) and nonmolecularly imprinted polymer(NIP) were used as comparison tests. In the mixture solution of H2O2 and PNP, the catalytic degradation efficiencies of PNP and the analogues by FeMIP, FeNIP and NIP were investigated. The results show that the prepared FeMIP catalyst has relatively obvious degradation effect for PNP with H2O2 concentration of 0.90 mmol·L-1 at pH value of 3, and the degradation efficiency of PNP at 150 min can reach 74.56%, which is much higher than those of FeNIP with 41.74% and NIP with 20.60%. Under the same reaction conditions with FeMIP catalyst, the catalytic degradation efficiencies of 2nitrophenol and 3nitrophenol are respective 40.12% and 25.90%, which are much lower than that of PNP. FeMIP catalyst has matching cavities with PNP molecule and can efficiently catalyze specific substrate molecules.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 705-711 [Abstract] ( 36 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5823KB] ( 533 )

	712	Detection of cyanuric acid and its homologues in urea deposits
		LONG Hualin, MO Chunlan, MO Yitao, QIU Chonghuan, JIANG Mingru
		In the gas chromatographic test, diethylamineacetonitrilewater mixed solution was used as extracting solvent to dissolve cyanuric acid, its homologues and urea deposits, and the derivatization of cyanuric acid and its homologues was conducted with BSTFA reagent. The results show that cyanuric acid, ammelide and ammeline are presented in the urea deposit, which solves the problem that the thermogravimetric analyzer can not distinguish the specific components of cyanuric acid homologue in urea deposit. The thermogravimetric tests show that the main substances decomposed by urea deposits in the temperature range from 278 to 458 ℃ are cyanuric acid, ammelide and ammeline. Cyanuric acid produces a trace amount of byproducts during pyrolysis. Ammelide and ammeline produce a large amount of products which require high temperature to decompose during heating. To reduce the formation of cyanuric acid and its homologues, it is necessary to accelerate the hydrolysis rate of isocyanic acid and minimize the formation of biuret.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 712-717 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1555KB] ( 820 )

	718	Rut threshold of asphalt pavement based on vehicle driving stability
		HONG Zhengqiang， ZHENG Binshuang， CHEN Jiaying， HUANG Xiaoming
		The typical vehicle model and the rutting road model were established by CarSim simulation software according to vehicle dynamics theory and road engineering standards. Sixteen driving conditions were designed， and the model was verified. Based on the automobile manufacturing specifications and stability test rules, five driving stability indexes of lateral acceleration, roll angle, yaw rate, breaking distance and offset distance were selected, and their thresholds were established. The rutting with different depths was added into the pavement model, and the stability of each index was investigated by observing the numerical value. The quantitative indexes of rutting threshold of asphalt pavement under different driving conditions were proposed. The results show that under different driving conditions, the impact of rutting on driving stability is different. The rut threshold of asphalt pavement is decreased with the increasing of speed and water film thickness, and the impact of mobile rutting is more severe than that of structural rutting at the same depth. Considering the stability requirement of vehicles on rutting roads, the rutting threshold values of straight and curved roads under different driving conditions are proposed.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 718-725 [Abstract] ( 57 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2134KB] ( 629 )

	726	Mechanical performance analysis of corrugated steel webs(CSWs) PC box girder with different cell numbers
		CHEN Yitu1, XU Jing1, DING Yong2
		To optimize the design of girder bridge, the proper cell number of the twolane CSWs PC box girder was investigated. Based on the twolane CSWs PC box girder bridge design parameter, the mechanical behaviors of singleroom girder box with single cell to five cells were analyzed under four different load conditions by finite element analysis (FEA).The midspan displacement in the bottom flange, the vonMises shear stress in both corrugated web sides, the normal warping stress and the natural frequency of the box girders were obtained. The results show that multiplying cell numbers can increase the prestressing efficiency and decrease the vonMises shear stress in both corrugated web sides in some cases. However, with the cell number increasing, the normal warping stress under eccentric load and the dead weight of the girder are increased dramatically. By simple formula method and principal component analysis method, the proper cell number for the twolane CSWs PC box girder is suggested.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 726-730 [Abstract] ( 37 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1021KB] ( 484 )

	731	Preparation and mixture performance of waterborne epoxy-SBR low temperature cold patch asphalt
		ZHANG Zhengqi1, ZHAO Qinsheng1, ZHANG Wei1, CHENG Gaoli2
		A new type of low temperature cold patch asphalt liquid was developed by using waterborne epoxy resin and SBR latex to modify the solvent cold patch asphalt liquid. The dispersibility of waterborne epoxy resin and SBR latex in diluted asphalt was studied. Based on the orthogonal test, the composition of low temperature cold patch asphalt was recommended with viscosity at 60 ℃, mass loss rate at 3 d, viscosity difference before and after cold patch asphalt replenishment storage, softening point and flexibility of distillation residue as indicators. The performance of the waterborne epoxy resinSBR cold patch asphalt mixture was evaluated. The results show that waterborne epoxy resin and SBR latex have good microdisperse performance in diluted asphalt.The composition and dosage of waterborne epoxy resinSBR cold patch asphalt are determined with matrix asphalt SK90# and with the amounts of diluent,tackifier,antispalling agent，waterborne epoxy component and SBR latex agent of respective 26.0%, 5.0%, 0.5%, 4.0% and 2.0%. The forming Marshall stability, dynamic stability and bending tensile strength of selfdeveloped cold patch asphalt mixture are respective 74%, 91% and 26% higher than those of ordinary cold patch asphalt mixture, and the residual stability is 89%.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 731-737 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1706KB] ( 552 )

	738	Axial compression performance of circular concrete-filled slotted steel tubular columns
		BAI Jiawen, WEI Yang, ZHANG Yirui, DING Mingmin, LI Guofen
		A new type of circular concretefilled slotted steel tubular structure was proposed. Monotonic axial compression tests were carried out on six concretefilled slotted steel tubular columns and six common concretefilled steel tubular columns. The test results show that the slots can reduce the folding and buckling phenomena when the thickness of steel tube is small. The failure modes of concretefilled steel tubular columns and concretefilled slotted steel tubular columns are showed with remarkable dilation in midheight when the thickness of steel tube is large. The slots of the steel tube have significant effect on the bearing capacity of smaller thickness of steel tube, and the bearing capacity of the concretefilled slotted steel tubular columns is approximately 1.1 to 1.3 times of that of the common concretefilled steel tubular columns. With the increasing of steel tube thickness, the ultimate load ratios of concretefilled slotted steel tubular columns and common concretefilled steel tubular columns are gradually decreased. The slots provide a local structure for the centralized release of deformation of concrete filled steel tubular columns under axial compression, which can avoid the longitudinal buckling of the steel tube effectively. Considering the influence of confinement efficiency of steel tube, the unified method for calculating the bearing capacity of circular concretefilled steel tubular under axial compression with different structures is proposed, and the predicted results are more conservative than the experimental values.
		2020 Vol. 41 (6): 738-744 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3228KB] ( 509 )

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