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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2016 Vol.37 Issue.3 Published 2016-05-10

	Article

Article

	249	Effects of EGR ratios on combustion process and emission with nbutanol/diesel blend
		QU Lei, WANG Zhong, WANG Yan-Peng, SUN Bo
		For different EGR rates, the bench tests of diesel engine were conducted with 10%nbutanol mass fraction in diesel (N10) as fuel under different working conditions.The influences of EGR rates on combustion, emission and economy characteristics were investigated with nbutanol/diesel blend.The results show that under the same working conditions, with the increasing of EGR rate, the maximum cylinder pressure is decreased, and the crank angle for steep pressure increasing shows backward shift. The main combustion starting moment and the instantaneous heat release peak also show obvious backward shift, and the ignition delay is prolonged with gradually decreased exothermic peak. With the increasing of EGR rate, the HC, CO and Soot emissions of diesel engine are increased, while the emission of Soot is still lower than that with diesel.The NOx emission is decreased gradually, and at high load, the reducing tendency is obvious.At the load of 75%, compared with no EGR, the NOx emission is reduced by 47.2%for EGR rate of 10%, while that is reduced by 86.3% for EGR rate of 20%.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 249-255 [Abstract] ( 1236 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1882KB] ( 1818 )

	256	Test of regenerative braking system with speed tracking control based on RBF neural network
		CHEN Liao, XIE Ming-Wei, PAN Chao-Feng, ZHOU Kong-Kang
		To evaluate the regenerative braking system of electric vehicle, a testing method for regenerative braking system was proposed based on automatic speed tracking. According to the offline data from vehicle, the dynamic mathematical model for openloop control of speed tracking was established. The driver model of speed tracking closedloop control was built by RBF neural network, and the parameters in RBF neutral network were trained by PSO algorithm. The test was conducted on vehicle inertia simulation bench. The experimental results show that compared with traditional fuzzy PID control method, the speed tracking error is reduced by the RBF neural network algorithm, and the accuracy of regenerative braking system test is also improved.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified in actual regenerative braking test.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 256-263 [Abstract] ( 1177 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3282KB] ( 1790 )

	264	Effect of freeway tunnel environment on driver vision characteristics
		TIAN Jing-Jing, LI Shi-Wu, SUN Wen-Cai, JI Bing-Kui
		In order to analyzing the effect of freeway tunnel environment on driver visual characteristics, the road tests of 24 different tunnels were conducted on ChangHun freeway. The visual characteristic parameters were obtained, and the vision plane of driver was divided into eight different regions using kmean clustering method. Based on the division of driver vision plane, the distributions of driver fixation point in each region were compared for different tunnels. The results show that the driver focuses on the front of driving direction in short tunnels with bad legibility. The fixation points of driver are distributed in different regions in long tunnel, and the driver gradually adapts to the lowlight condition with better legibility in long tunnel.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 264-267 [Abstract] ( 1142 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2034KB] ( 1731 )

	268	Simulation and experiment of integration control of ARS and DYC for electrical vehicle with fourwheelindependentdrive
		QIU Hao, DONG Zhu-Rong, LEI Zheng-Bao
		To improve the stability of fourwheelindependentdrive (4WID) and fourwheelindependentsteering (4WIS) electric vehicles, a novel integrated control strategy was proposed to combine active rearwheel steering (ARS) with direct yawmoment control (DYC). The advantage of horizontal control margin was used to decrease longitudinal control. To maintain the desired steering characteristics using control system, the variable steering ratio reference model was adopted. ARS controller and nonlinear DYC controller with sliding mode variable structure were adopted to compensate the inadequate control within the linear range of tire and improve the handling performance within the nonlinear range of tire. A real vehicle test was conducted based on double lanechange test. The results show that the integrated controller is superior to both ARS and DYC controllers to improve the handling stability of vehicles and reduce the need of yaw moment. The integrated controller can enhance the vehicle longitudinal stability margin and is effective.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 268-276 [Abstract] ( 1830 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2476KB] ( 2357 )

	277	Numerical simulation on thermal performance of helical baffled electric heaters with oneplustwo Utube units
		WANG Ming-Chao, CHEN Ya-Ping, WU Jia-Feng, DONG Cong
		To overcome the defects of low heat transfer coefficient and nonuniform tube spacing in conventional multiringannular Utube layouts of segment baffled electric heaters, the novel helical baffled electric heaters with oneplustwo Utube units were designed with equilateral triangle tube layouts. Numerical simulation and comparison of the flow and heat transfer performance and the surface temperature uniformity were performed for five helical baffled electric heaters and two segment baffled ones. Each helical baffled scheme comprises of nine oneplustwo Utube units with altogether 27 16 mm Utubes supported by trisection helical baffles with 15° or 20° inclined angle, and each segment baffled scheme comprises of 30 16 mm Utubes of tworing annular layout supported by segment baffle plates spanned either 200 mm or 300 mm. The calculation results with fluid of compressed nitrogen show that the average temperature and the highest temperature of heating surface of 15° trisection helical baffles are reduced respectively by 31.7 K and 50.7 K, and the average heat transfer coefficient and the comprehensive index h·Δp-1/3 are increased respectively by 68.2% and 34.3% than those of segment baffle plate scheme. The effective heating area of 15° inclined angled trisection helical baffle electric heater is only 68.5% of that of segment baffled one with baffle plate span of 200 mm.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 277-282 [Abstract] ( 932 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3034KB] ( 1502 )

	283	Experiment on scavenging of particles by charged droplet
		WANG Jun-Feng, XU Rong-Bin, ZUO Zi-Wen, SUN Cheng-Ren
		The charged droplets can improve the particle adsorption ability and particle removal efficiency. The adsorption mechanism of particles was established on a single charged droplet experiment system.Using high speed camera and microscopic amplification technology, the motion characteristics of a single charged droplet scavenging particles were investigated. The motion characteristics of particles under the combined actions of electrostatic force, mass force and viscous force were analyzed. The results show that the adsorption ability of charged droplets is better than that of uncharged droplets. The particles can′t overcome surface tension of droplet and deposit on the droplet surface. When particles and particle aggregates fly to charged droplet, parts of them occur scattering phenomenon. The scattering phenomenon and the deposit phenomenon affect the collecting efficiency of charged droplet.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 283-287 [Abstract] ( 1171 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1698KB] ( 1553 )

	288	Design and experiment of bed former for vegetable production
		GUAN Chun-Song, WANG Shu-Lin, HU Gui, CHEN Yong-Sheng, ZHANG Lang
		To solve the problem that the existing tillage machine can′t meet the ridging requirements for vegetable field, based on the tillage agronomic requirements of leaf vegetable cultivation, a bed former was designed according to the principles of double layered cutting and secondary fine soil breaking. The overall structure and the operating principle of bed former were described respectively. Two main affecting factors on working quality of forward velocity of machine and rotary speed of PTO were evaluated by the L9(32) orthogonal test. The test results show that the bed former can integrate multiple functions of deep tillage, secondary crushing, ridge forming and ridge shaping simultaneously, which meets the overall design requirements. The selected two factors have significant impact on working quality. The variance analysis results show that the suitable operation conditions are that the forward velocity of machine is 2.5 km·h-1, and the rotary speed of PTO is 1 000 r·min-1. Under the optizized conditions, groundbreaking rate and flatness of ridge surface can reach 92.58% and 2.24 cm，respectively. Compared with classical combined ridging machine, by the proposed implement， the tilling depth is increased by 2 cm with increased groundbreaking rate by 8.87%, and the flatness of ridge surface is reduced by 2.56 cm with obviously improved ridge quality.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 288-295 [Abstract] ( 1639 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3057KB] ( 1781 )

	296	Distributed microblog crawler system based on P2P
		LU Yang, LI Hua-Kang, SUN Guo-Zi
		Microblog is becoming the main media to spread public information. Analyzing microblog data can contribute to timely knowing public information for researchers. Therefore, it is important to effectively collect microblog data. To solve the problems that the traditional web clawer could not inquire whole information and the API had lots of restrictions, a distributed crawler system was designed based on P2P for SINA microblog. The crawler was based on simulated login technology and assigned tasks according to user position information to efficiently collect data continuously. The comparison results with other structures show that the proposed system has good performance to provide adequate data.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 296-301 [Abstract] ( 1515 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1414KB] ( 2924 )

	302	Design and implementation of data communication platform for emergency rescue system
		JIANG Ling-Yun, FENG Ying, SHI Ming-Hao, XU Jia
		A data communication platform was designed and implemented on Android platform for emergency rescue scenario without communication infrastructure. The Ad Hoc, the WiFi hotspot rotations and the WiFi network connection strategies were provided by the communication platform. Two transmission modes of light transmission mode and long data transmission mode were designed based on nonblock Socket communication technique. The two transmission modes can be adopted intelligently according to different requirements of speed, convenience and stability. The experimental results show that the network connection access rates of Ad Hoc and WiFi hotspot rotation are 100％, and the transmission success rate of nonblock Socket communication is 100％ for a small amount of concurrent data transmissions with short communication distance. The transmission success rate is 90％ for a large number of concurrent data transmissions with long communication distance. Compared with traditional UDP transmission mode, the transmission success rate of light transmission mode is improved by 5％. The transmission success rate of long data transmission mode is 100％, which can provide high speed transmission without serious transmission jitter and other unusual circumstances. The proposed data communication platform can provide stable and robust data communication for the scenario emergency rescue.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 302-308 [Abstract] ( 953 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2668KB] ( 1760 )

	309	A fast determination method of DG locating and sizing based on artificial neural network algorithm
		CAI Hao, ZHU Huang-Qiu, WU Xi
		To reduce the impacts of gridconnected distributed generation (DG) on power supply quality, voltage distribution and stability, a fast determination method was proposed based on artificial neural network (ANN) for DG locating and sizing. The index of voltage stability was proposed, and the weak bus identification and the indicator showed prior sequencing for DG locations. The ANNbased training dataset was established to evaluate the reasonable DG capacity at the expected voltage node. By running the algorithm of feedforward ANN in MATLAB and testing in a 52node power system, the feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed method were verified. The results show that the optimal DG allocation can effectively increase voltage stability, and significantly reduce power loss with improved bus voltage profile over 090 p.u..
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 309-314 [Abstract] ( 1110 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1662KB] ( 1739 )

	315	Characteristic analysis of tubular flux switching permanent magnet motor for direct drive pumping unit
		WANG Xu-Dong, WEI Feng-Wei, XU Xiao-Zhuo, FENG Hai-Chao
		To solve the problems of many transmission links, complex structure and low efficiency, a project of direct drive pumping unit by liner machine was proposed. The method of direct balance and the tubular flux switching permanent magnet motor were adopted in the system. The overall structure of the pumping unit was designed, and the working principle of the tubular flux switching motor was analyzed. The main dimension of the motor was given. Based on finite element method, the electromagnetic performance parameters of magnetic field distribution, air gap flux density, permanent magnet flux linkage, noload back EMF, inductance and thrust were investigated. The detent force of tubular flux switching motor was optimized by adding auxiliary teeth. The results show that the motor has the characteristics of more sinusoidal back EMF, and the harmonic component accounts for only 3% of fundamental component. The tubular flux switching permanent magnet motor is suitable especially for the applications in pumping system.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 315-320 [Abstract] ( 874 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1828KB] ( 1854 )

	321	Design and finite element analysis of bearingless outer rotor asynchronous motor
		SUN Yu-Xin, WANG Hao, DU Yi
		To improve the accuracy and reliability of flywheel energy storage system and reduce the effects of torque ripple and suspension force ripple on system operation, the relationships of the suspension force and torque of bearingless outer rotor asynchronous motor with motor structure parameters were analyzed. The general methods were proposed to minimize torque ripple and suspension force ripple. Based on the working principle of bearingless asynchronous motor with outer rotor, the mathematic model of motor was deduced. According to the traditional asynchronous motor design method, a 0.5 kW bearingless asynchronous motor with outer rotor was designed by dichotomy approach with two polepair torque winding and one polepair radial suspension winding. The distribution of magnetic field was simulated by FEM, and the relationship among radial suspension force, torque and winding current was determined. The effects of magnetic saturation and size of airgap on radial suspension force were also investigated with consideration of the effects of slot ratio and stator pole arc coefficient. The results show that with respective torque windings and radial suspension force windings rated currents of 2.5 A and 2.0 A, the rotor of prototype motor can be stably suspended with torque of 1 N·m and rotor radial suspension force of 105 N.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 321-326 [Abstract] ( 1293 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4185KB] ( 1782 )

	327	Correction of aggregate weighing system of asphalt mixing plant based on grey correlation
		AN Hai-Chao, YANG Bo
		To solve the problem that aggregate composition proportion was difficult to control by volatile measuring and big super rate in aggregate weighing process of asphalt mixing plant, the homemade 4000 type asphalt mixing plant aggregate weighing was taken as research object. The related parameters of correction coefficient, grey correlation distinguish coefficient, error weighting and rate coefficient were chosen as control parameters. A new grey correlation deviation correction method was designed based on the dynamic monitoring of asphalt mixing plant. The grey correlation degree between aggregate calibration reference data sequence and dynamic monitoring measurement data sequence was analyzed to dynamically correct the aggregate weighing process. The results show that by the proposed control method, the aggregate measurement process becomes smooth. The maximum aggregate super rate is decreased from above 5％ to less 3％, and the aggregate dynamic grading error is decreased from more than plus or minus 1.5％ down to less than plus or minus 1.5％. The big measuring error is decreased with improved dosing precision.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 327-331 [Abstract] ( 1059 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1793KB] ( 1703 )

	332	Analysis and processing on random drift of gyroscope based on HDR
		ZENG Qing-Jun, LIU Hui-Ting, ZHANG Ming
		According to the characteristics of noise error by MEMS gyroscope, heuristic drift reduction (HDR) was adopted to realize realtime estimation and drift compensation. Double lowpass filters were added to remove the effect of swing problem during carrier operation. The signal time delay by double lowpass filter was eliminated by a signal link to improve the attitude estimating accuracy of MEMS gyroscope. The threshold function was designed to solve the bending and steering problems in the process of operation. Allan variance was applied to evaluate the compensated error， and the experiment was carried out on the platform of MCROV underwater robot. The results show that after HDR compensation, the errors of gyroscope are significantly reduced, and the output precision of gyroscope is remarkably improved.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 332-336 [Abstract] ( 1248 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1694KB] ( 2362 )

	337	Preparation,characterization and crystal structures of two transition metal complexes derived from diSchiff base ligand of N,N′-bis-［(1benzimidazo2yl)ethylidene］diethylenetriamine
		WU Yun-Long, ZHU Wen, XIA Chang-Kun, MENG Su-Ci, XIE Ji-Min
		The reactions of ZnCl2 and CdCl2·2.5H2O with diSchiff base ligand of N,N′bis［(1benzimidazo2yl)ethylidene］diethylenetriamine (LA) were investigated in presence of NaClO4 in ethanol. The fivecoordinated complex of ［ZnLBCl］·ClO4 (1) and the sixcoordinated complex of ［CdLACl］·ClO4·H2O (2) were prepared by the reactions of LAwith ZnCl2. LB of N［(1benzimidazo2yl)ethylidene］diethylenetriamine was a tetradentate monoSchiff base ligand prepared by the hydrolysis of the precursor diSchiff base ligand of LA. Xray diffraction analysis reveals that the transition atoms in two complexes are chelated by different multidentate ligands of LA and LB with terminal chloride atom to exhibit slightly distorted trigonalbipyramid and octahedron coordination sphere,respectively. The noncoordinating N—H groups of benzimidazoyl and the lattice water form strong hydrogen bonding interactions with the counter anions to lead to great difference of crystal packing.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 337-341 [Abstract] ( 851 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1831KB] ( 1583 )

	342	Shear fatigue performance of epoxy emulsified asphalt tack coat
		CHANG Yan-Ting, CHEN Zhong-Da, ZHANG Zhen, NIU Xiao-Hu
		Using stress control mode, half sine wave vector load waveform, 10 Hz load frequency and 01 cycle characteristic value, with shear fracture as fatigue failure criteria, 45° inclined shear fatigue test was conducted at constant 60 ℃ on MTS810 material test machine with stress level of 02～07. Epoxy emulsified asphalt tack coat shear fatigue performance of asphalt pavement and bridge deck pavement was investigated with optimum formula and spread quantity, and the shear fatigue life regression equation was established． The results indicate that stress level has significant influence on fatigue life. The decreasing rates of fatigue life of epoxy emulsified asphalt tack coat of asphalt pavement and bridge deck pavement are respectively 974％ and 993％ with the increasing of stress level from 02 to 07 under 60 ℃. The regression equations of fatigue life logarithmic and shear stress have high accuracy, and the shear fatigue life of bridge deck pavement structure is more sensitive to shear stress than that of asphalt pavement.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 342-346 [Abstract] ( 1875 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1424KB] ( 1586 )

	347	Specific heat capacity test of asphalt mixture based on heat balance principle
		ZOU Ling, ZHENG 南Xiang, LI Wei, JI Xiao-Ping, ZHANG Wen-Gang
		The test system of specific heat capacity for asphalt mixture was designed based on the heat balance principle.The parameters of test system were determined, and the heat loss was adjusted.The reliability of test system was verified by the brass with known specific heat capacity. The specific heat capacity of many kinds of asphalt mixture were tested at temperature of 60 to 70 ℃ by the test system.The results show that the specific heat capacity of asphalt mixture has positive correlation with voidage size. The decreasing sequence of specific heat capacity of asphalt mixture is c（serpentinite）, c（amphibolite）, c（limestone）, c（diabase） and c（granite）.The specific heat capacity of SBSIC modified asphalt mixture is more than that of matrix asphalt mixture. The specific heat capacities of asphalt mixture tested in the paper are from 750 J·(kg·℃)-1 to 1 150 J·(kg·℃)-1.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 347-351 [Abstract] ( 2263 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1966KB] ( 2380 )

	352	Software development for simulating and predicting deep foundation pit dewatering and land subsidence
		LUO Zu-Jiang, JIN Peng, TIAN Kai-Yang, TAN Jin-Zhong
		Based on Terzaghi consolidation theory, a three dimensional full coupling model between deep foundation pit dewatering and land subsidence was established. The computer program of calculating process was compiled by FORTRAN95 language, and the visualization operational software was established by VB 6.0 to predict and simulate deep foundation pit dewatering and land subsidence. With graphical interface mode, the relationship between deep foundation pit dewatering and land subsidence was simulated and expressed to propose an optimal plan of dewatering. Taking deep foundation pit dewatering of Liuzhou East Road Station of Nanjing Metro Line3 as example, the software was used to simulate the deep foundation pit dewatering. The results show that an optimal project is obtained by adopting 15 dewatering wells for 10 days, and the water table of pit is maintained 1.0 m below the floor with depth of 20.8 m. After 66 days later, the land subsidence is less than 0.015 m at 100.0 m away from the pit, which meets the control requirements of settlement.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 352-358 [Abstract] ( 1218 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2686KB] ( 1640 )

	359	Experiment and mathematical model on mechanical properties of natural gravel improving expansive soil
		YANG Jun, YUAN Kai, DI Xian-Jun, TANG Yun-Wei, HUANG Jia-Biao
		With the expansive soil of Yichang Airport Road reconstruction project as research object, the mechanical properties of soil were improved by the incorporation of natural gravel. The impacts of natural gravel on the expansive soil mechanical properties of expansive soil California bearing ratio, modulus of resilience, unconfined compression strength and shear strength were investigated. The corresponding mathematical model was established. The supplement laboratory tests were conducted to verify the accuracy and precision of mathematical model. The test results show that the mechanical properties of expansive soil are improved significantly by natural grave, and the improved mechanical properties can meet the prescribed value of norms roadbed. The best moisture of expansive soil is decreased, and the maximum dry density of expansive soil is increased with the increasing of natural gravel content. CBR and resilient modulus of expansive soils are effectively improved. The unconfined compressive strength is increased with latter decreasing and reaches a maximum with natural gravel content of 20%. The angle of internal friction shows increasing trend, while the cohesion shows linear decreasing trend. The mechanical index mathematical model is verified by supplement laboratory tests with high accuracy and precision.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 359-366 [Abstract] ( 1256 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1608KB] ( 1949 )

	367	Application of response surface method in longterm deformation prediction of longspan railway cablestayed bridge tower
		XIN Jing-Zhou, ZHOU Jian-Ting, YANG Yang, ZHONG Jian-Hua, NIU Yun-Feng
		In order to explore the discreteness of longterm deformation of cable tower,taking Chongqing Caijia Jialing River Bridge as project background, five main structure parameters and central composite design method were adopted to conduct experiment design with three levels. Response surface models without considering the influence of crossterms were constructed to express the complex implicit relationship between cable tower deformation response and random parameters by approximate explicit functions. Significance test and accuracy test on response surface models were carried out using F test and corrected determination coefficient. To simplify the response surface models, the significance of basis function was analyzed by backward regression. The longterm cable tower deformation prediction in the sense of probability was conducted by Monte Carlo sampling analysis. The forecast results show that the displacement difference calculated by the deterministic method and uncertainty method is increased from 1322 mm in one year to 7162 mm in 30 years. The random parameters have great influence on the prediction of tower displacement of cablestayed bridge, and considering randomness of parameters is suitable to connect structure design and construction.
		2016 Vol. 37 (3): 367-372 [Abstract] ( 870 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1370KB] ( 1776 )

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