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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2015 Vol.36 Issue.5 Published 2015-09-10

	Article

Article

	497	Performance parameter optimization of excavator cab shock absorbers based on Kriging method
		Liu Lei1,2, Zhou Yiqi1,2, Mi Yongzhen1, Lu Dan1, Chen Yuebiao1
		To solve the problem of restraining noise in excavator cab, the FEM model of whole excavator was established, and the performance parameters of cab shock absorbers were optimized to reduce the sound pressure level (SPL) peaks and the overall SPL at driver right ear (DRE). Based on the sample points from Latin Hypercube experiment of stiffness/damping parameters of shock absorbers, the Kriging surrogate model was constructed. The Pareto front was obtained by NSGA-Ⅱgenetic optimization algorithm with several SPL peaks as objective functions and performance parameters of shock absorbers as va-riables. The FEM simulations were re-analyzed by the optimum combination of performance parameters. The results indicate that it is practicable to decrease the SPL peaks and the overall SPL at DRE by adjusting performance parameters of cab shock absorbers. The vibration noise performance at the representative places of the windshield, the floor under seats and the dashboard are also improved.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 497-503 [Abstract] ( 1699 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2641KB] ( 1229 )

	504	Aerodynamic drag reduction of passenger car based on top and side spoiler
		Yang Hanbo, Hu Xingjun, An Yang
		Aerodynamic characteristic is one of the aspects that should be concerned considerably for car body design. The principle and method of computational fluid dynamics were applied to numerically simulate the external flow field about the simplified geometrical model of fast back type car. The drag coefficient was reduced via install rear accessories. Based on the triangular prism unstructured grid and Realizable k-ω SST model， the flow fields of top and side spoilers with different size were simulated to get the car′s aerodynamic drag coefficient, the aerodynamic characteristics of the surface pressure distribution, etc. The flow characteristics and the resistance coefficient of various schemes were analyzed. The results show that the different sizes of spoilers with reasonable matching and optimization can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of car and reduce the aerodynamic drag coefficient.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 504-508 [Abstract] ( 1187 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2323KB] ( 1155 )

	509	Numerical simulation of impinging convexity on partition combustion system performance of diesel engines
		Wei Shengli1, Lu Hongkun1, Leng Xianyin2, Chen Liang1, Liu Xuan1
		In order to strengthen the utilization of jet kinetic energy, a partition combustion system with spray impinging convexity was proposed to improve the spatial distribution of spray for diesel engines. The in- cylinder spray, the mixture formation and the combustion process of partition combustion system were simulated by AVL FIRE software to analyze the influence of convexity impingement on the combustion and emission characteristics of the system. The results show that by the partition-structure, the average turbulent kinetic energy in the cylinder is improved， and the airflow into combustion chamber in compression process is strengthened. In the case of convexity impingement with no significant accumulation of oil beam, the increasing cone angle of convexity leads to the reduced peak of average turbulent kinetic energy in the cylinder and slows down the air flow out combustion chamber in expansion process, and the diffusion combustion becomes more obvious with lower soot emission.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 509-515 [Abstract] ( 1166 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2127KB] ( 1024 )

	516	Removal of nitrogen monoxide via plasma assisted with photocatalysis
		Chen Meng, Du Danfeng, Guo Xiurong
		To improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen monoxide(NO) of vehicle-mounted purification reactor ， the plasma discharge was combined with TiO2 photocatalysis. The effects of experimental parameters of voltage, humidity and temperature on NO removal efficiency were investigated based on the method of single factor variable. The results show that when the voltage increases from 6 kV to 40 kV, the NO removal efficiency reaches 56.25% by the coordination effect of plasma and photocatalysis of TiO2. A higher relative humidity than 25% results in lower synergic purification efficiency of NO because the strong adsorption of water molecules leads to a reduced density of available electron holes to TiO2. When the experimental temperature ranges from 30 ℃ to 200 ℃, the maximum synergic purification efficiency of plasma and TiO2 can reach 80.00%. In the purification process, chemistry adsorption capacity of TiO2 depends on temperature, while the temperature has slight effect on electron impact and adsorption.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 516-521 [Abstract] ( 1342 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1594KB] ( 1074 )

	522	Design and experiment of nozzle mechanism for ultra high pressure water stream
		Yang Zhixian, Xiang Mingming
		To solve removing difficulty of road stripes, a special nozzle mechanism was designed for the removing system of ultra high pressure water stream. Twelve nozzles were set up in picturesque disorder, and the nozzle circular tracks were evenly distributed from internal centre to external side to remove road stripes effectively at one time and improve removing effect and efficiency. To investigate the removal effects of distance from nozzle to target, system pressure and removal velocity, the experiments of removing road stripes with different depth were designed and carried out. The combined values of parameters were provided to easily obtain the best effect of removing road stripes.The results indicate that the best effect of removing road stripes can be easily obtained when the distance from nozzle to target is 27 mm with removal velocity between 3 and 4 m?min-1 and system pressure between 100 and 120 MPa.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 522-526 [Abstract] ( 1803 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2223KB] ( 1609 )

	527	Experiment of electrostatic spray by rotary cup atomizer
		Wang Junfeng, Chu Jinjing, Huo Yuanping, Fan Yajun
		The system of charged spray by rotary cup was designed based on the advantages of rotary cup atomization and electrostatic atomization in spraying pesticide. The charging performance of the new system was investigated. The effects of applied voltage on spray characteristic were discussed with the combination of high-speed camera. The results show that the charging property of droplets atomized by rotary cup is proportion to the diameter of bulge or ligament. The smaller the diameter is, the higher the grow rate of charge-to-mass ratio and the charge-to-mass ratio of droplets are. When We number is small, direction drop formation transits to ligament formation with the increasing of applied voltage, and the diameter of droplet decreases.When We number is big, the effects of applied voltage on the disintegration and diameter of the droplets are weakened, and the uniform of droplet is improved with the increasing of applied voltage.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 527-532 [Abstract] ( 915 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2036KB] ( 1352 )

	533	Multistage solving of one-dimensional plate melting convection process by dimensionless method under third boundary condition
		Meng Fankang1,2, Yu Hang1
		To investigate the characteristics of each melting heat transfer process of plate, the one-dimensional convective melting process of a finite thickness layer was solved under the third boundary condition, and the phase change material was considered to be taken away by the surrounding fluid in time after melting. The heat transfer process was divided into three stages, and calculation model of each heat transfer stage was built respectively. A cubic heat balance integral method was used to obtain the approximate solution of each stage. The changing regulation of phase interface was discussed with Stefen number(Ste), Biot number(Bi) and dimensionless temperature of environment (θa) as control parameters. The results show that the plate melting process can be divided into 3 phases in the condition of Biθa>3, on the contrary, it can be divided into 2 phases.For different control parameters, the changing rates of dimensionless position of the phase interface (H)and dimensionless time（τ） are relatively small at the beginning of melting with big linear changing rate at latter stage.When other control parameters are unchanged, with the decreasing of Ste and increasing of Bi or θa, the total melting dimensionless time is decreased, while the change rates of H and τ are increased.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 533-538 [Abstract] ( 1219 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1669KB] ( 1093 )

	539	Parameter optimization and test analysis of rice transplanting mechanism based on VB and ADAMS
		Qian Mengbo1, Yu Gaohong2, Yu Yibo1, Zhao Yun2
		The eccentric-noncircular gear planetary system transplanting mechanism was investigated.The diagram and the structure characteristics of the eccentric-noncircular gear transplanting mechanism were discussed. The kinematics model of transplanting mechanism was established to obtain automatic parameter optimization software. The design parameters of the mechanism were acquired through the proposed software, and the 3D entity model of the mechanism was established to conduct the dynamic simulation test. The virtual experiment platform was constructed to analyze the support pressure. A prototype was constructed, and the seedling tests were conducted. The experiments show that the kinematics trajectory and the working attitude of the transplanting mechanism are consistent with the trajectory of computer simulation. The proposed mechanism design is reasonable.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 539-544 [Abstract] ( 1257 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2818KB] ( 1012 )

	545	Producing area identifying of tobacco leaf by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry based on discriminant analysis
		Chen Bin1, Xing Weifei1, Lu Daoli1, Qi Xueyong2
		The quality of tobacco leaf is not only related to the variety and growth conditions,but also shows great relationship with soil and growing environment of original producing area. Based on the distribution difference of metallic elements in tobacco leaves from different producing areas, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was proposed for rapid detection of metallic elements in tobacco leaves and combined with discriminant analysis for identifying the producing areas of tobacco leaves. Through analyzing the mean value of metallic elements in tobacco leaves from different producing areas, a big difference was observed among tobacco samples from different producing areas. By SPSS, an analytical model was established based on stepwise discriminant analysis of tobacco leaf samples from 4 producing areas with more contributed samples than other areas. The results show that when Cd, Rb, Ba, As and S were included as independent variables, the discrimination function has discriminative accuracy of back substitution of 92.9％ with cross validation accuracy of 90.5％. The identifying producing area of tobacco leaf by X-ray fluorescence analysis is highly feasible.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 545-549 [Abstract] ( 1149 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1345KB] ( 1004 )

	550	Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal for agricultural environmental soil of Jianghan-Dongting plain
		Yu Peng1, Ma Teng1, Tang Zhonghua1, Gan Yiqun1, Deng Qingjun2
		Based on the systemic investigation of pollution status by heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Hg and As to agricultural soil environment of Jianghan-Dongting plain, the characteristics of inorganic pollutant contents were analyzed. Based on the soil geochemistry background values, single-factor index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method were used in comprehensive assessment of agricultural environmental soil heavy metal pollution condition in research area. The results show that the pollution of Hg is the most serious which is closely related to exogenous pollutants, and the pollution decreasing extent of other factors is Hg，Zn，As，Pb，Cd，Cu，Cr. The comprehensive assessment illuminates that the comprehensive pollution index has higher tendency compared to previous statistics， and the agricultural soil environmental quality of study area is slightly polluted.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 550-556 [Abstract] ( 1151 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7865KB] ( 1107 )

	557	Measurement and correlation of solubility for ginkgolic acid C15：1 in water
		Yang Xiaoming1, Fang Yangyang1,2, Li Yueying3, Huang Bingzhong4
		The solubility of gingkgolic acid C15：1 in water was measured with solid-liquid equilibrium apparatus by fluorometry at temperature range from 288.15 to 313.15 K. The experimental data were correlated with models based on the Apelblat equation and ideal solution equation. The total average relative errors are 4.50％ and 2.44％, respectively. The results show that the solubility of ginkgolic acid C15：1 is increased with the increasing of temperature. Ideal solution equation and Apelblat equation of solubility are applicable for the specified temperature and solubility in the research. The simulated result of Apelblat equation is superior to that of ideal solution equation, and the predictive values are consistent with the experimental results. The values of entropy and enthalpy change of gingkgolic acid C15：1 in water are both positive according to van′t Hoff equtation, which indicates that the dissolve process of gingkgolic acid C15：1 in water is an endothermic process.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 557-560 [Abstract] ( 1477 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1329KB] ( 1109 )

	561	Design of a new type crawling in-pipe robot
		Xu Hong1, Lin Panzhong2, Wang Yangyu3
		Based on the self-locking principle, a new type of crawling pipeline robot was designed and made to improve the adaptive ability of in-pipe robot. Without additional pressure, the robot was adaptable to pipe diameter and section with horizontal, vertical and bending pipe in moving process. A telescopic umbrella stand mechanism was adopted in the robot, and the force of telescopic mechanism and the principle of self-locking were deduced based on design requirements. The design of support structure and telescopic mechanism was completed, and the relationship of screw thrust and parallelogram driving force was established. A prototype was developed based on the theoretical foundations, and the experiments of prototype were completed. The results show that the robot traction, self-locking ability and cornering characteristics are in good performance, and the robot can accommodate 90~150 mm inner diameter of pipe. The results provide a reference for the in-pipe robot design.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 561-565 [Abstract] ( 2077 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2438KB] ( 1313 )

	566	4D MS lesion segmentation method based on temporal information
		Zhan Tianming1, Zhan Yongzhao1, Feng Can2
		To solve the problem that 3D brain magnetic resonance (MR) image segmentation method could not accurately segment 4D multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion, integrating the information of each time point in 4D data, a 4D MS lesion segmentation method was proposed by building a dynamic prior information from adjacent time point data to improve the level set method driven by the local information. The 4D MS lesion segmentation algorithm was obtained by solving the minimum of the proposed model based on the alternative iteration algorithm and the steepest descent method. To validate the effect of the method, the real clinical 4D data were tested and compared with the results obtained by 3D segmentation method. The results show that the proposed 4D MS lesion segmentation method can introduce the temporal information constraint to obtain more accurate segmentation results and realize efficiently quantitative analysis of the following lesions.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 566-572 [Abstract] ( 1012 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1748KB] ( 935 )

	573	Application of an ant colony optimization based on attractive field in TSP
		Wang Lei, Li Ming, Liu Zhihu
		To overcome the default of local optimal solution in the traditional ant colony algorithm, a modified ant colony optimization (AFACO) was proposed based on attractive field. The principle of attraction field based on pheromone was analyzed in detail to establish the attractive field model. The attractive field factor based on pheromone was designed, and the pheromone updating strategy was provided to improve the collaboration among ants nearby. For the standard 30 city traveling salesman problem, the optimization results from the proposed algorithm were compared with those from basic ant colony algorithm and some other improved ant colony. The results show that the optimal solution of TSP problem is 423.74, while the optimal and the mean solution of Oliver30 are 423.74 and 423.96, respectively, which shows the improved ant colony algorithm has good ability for searching the global optimal solution.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 573-577 [Abstract] ( 1067 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1520KB] ( 1101 )

	578	A guess and determine attack on ZUC algorithm
		Zhao Yuehua, Liu Wenshan, Han Mu
		To analyze the security of ZUC algorithm for resisting guess and determine attack, a guess and determine attack was proposed based on unique 16 bite half word for ZUC algorithm in half word operation. The operation of state transition was transformed to the half word operation, and every state in LFSR was divided into up and down half word. The basic point of the guess and determine attack was computed out by Viterbi-like algorithm. The other unknown states were determined according to the known state of basic points and the operation of half word to recover all internal states. The results show that the proposed attack on ZUC has a computational complexity of 2398 and requires 6 key stream words, which is better than the previous guess and determine attack on ZUC.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 578-582 [Abstract] ( 1046 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1383KB] ( 1189 )

	583	Tension force estimation for parallel strand cable based on parameter identification method
		Wu Xiao, Xiao Rucheng
		To solve the difficulty of tension force estimation for parallel strand cable, parameter identification method was proposed based on the nonlinear vibration of cable. Considering the effects of sag and bending stiffness, the nonlinear vibration differential equation of cable was established. The multiple-scale method was introduced to solve the difficulty and establish a practical formula. The accuracy of the proposed practical formula was verified by comparing the results with those mentioned in the literature and the FEM calculation. Based on the formula, parameter identification method for tension force estimation of parallel strand cable including tension, length, density and rigidity was proposed. The results show that the proposed formula is simple and practical, and the key parameters can be identified accurately by parameter identification method with notably improved estimation accuracy.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 583-587 [Abstract] ( 905 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1485KB] ( 1134 )

	588	Fluid-solid coupling parameters of metal deposition forming
		Li Suli1, Liu Wei2, Jia Baoqin1
		To investigate the solid coupling process parameters of metal deposition, the VOF theory model was established to analyze the fluid-solid coupling deformation process for the whole droplet deposition. By changing related parameters, the fall and the spread out of molten droplets on the substrate surface were analyzed to discuss the effects of droplet diameter, impacting velocity and substrate temperature on the deformation process. The results show that in the dripping process of droplets, the temperature is gradually reduced from outer to inner, and the solidified layer is increased with basically unchanged internal center temperature. After hitting substrate, the molten droplets spread along the radius with gradually increased horizontal radius and decreased height. For different substrate temperature, the corresponding drop coagulation times are different. The lower the substrate temperature is, the faster the droplet solidification is. After impacting the preheated substrate, due to the metal droplet solidification, the volume fraction of droplets is decreased with the increasing of deposition time, but it has no effect on spreading time.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 588-592 [Abstract] ( 1413 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1967KB] ( 1124 )

	593	Effect of Ti on silicate passivation film on zinc coating
		Fan Yunying1,2, Cui Huanhuan1
		Based on silicate passivation technology, the effects of Ti ion on morphology, chemical composition and corrosion resistance of the coating were investigated by SEM，XPS，EIS and NSS. The results show that Ti ion can control the deposition rate and refine particles to make the film flat, dense, crack-free and make the particle agglomerates smaller.TiO2 particles may be filled in film layer to increase the coating density simultaneously and improve the corrosion resistance of the film significantly. Passivation process is complex heterogeneous reaction. The main compositions of the film are Zn4Si2O7-(OH)2?2H2O, SiO2, ZnO, Zn(OH)2 and TiO2.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 593-597 [Abstract] ( 930 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1667KB] ( 1470 )

	598	Seismic performance of novel PEC column-steel beam interior joint with partial post-tensioned BRS energy-dissipation connection
		Fang Youzhen1, Yang Yonglong1, Chen Yun2, Zhao Kai1, Wan Caizhi1
		To investigate seismic performance of the interior joint of novel PEC column-steel beam with partial post-tensioned BRS energy-dissipation connection, column layout was taken into consideration to design 2 large size specimens, and the tests were conducted under quasi-static cyclic lateral loading. The results show that the post-tensioned bars can provide restoring force to reduce residual drift with mitigated structural damage process, while BRS energy-dissipation plates can be used to dissipate earthquake energy with reduced structural response. The stiffness distribution of column-beam is determined by PEC column layout to affect the mechanical process of connection and the damage pattern of the specimens. The force-transfer mechanism of concrete equivalent strut in the panel zone is formed by pre-tensioned penetrating bolts and post-tensioned bars, which correspondingly alleviates shear demand of steel web. All residual rotations of specimens are less than 0.005 rad when interstory drift reaches the limit of 0.020 rad of frame structure at design basis earthquake level. All residual rotations of specimens are still less than 0.010 rad when interstory drift is more than the limit of 0.035 rad of frame structure at maximum earthquake level.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 598-603 [Abstract] ( 1125 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1962KB] ( 995 )

	604	Flexural bearing capacity of box-type concrete beam with CFRP
		Zhang Yannian1, Li Chaoyang1, Liu Xin1, Liu Jinsheng1, Zheng Yi2, Liu Chunfa3
		To investigate the bearing capacity and bending performance of box-type concrete beam strengthened with CFRP, the experiments of 8 reinforced concrete beams with different concrete strength, reinforcement ratio, CFRP amount and U hoop spacing were conducted. The results show that the bending performance of beam can be effectively improved by CFRP with increased yield load and ultimate load, and the strength properties can be fully played with good reinforcing effect. Because reinforcement of CFRP belongs to passive strengthening, the thin material has slight effect in the initial stage of loading with little impact on the crack load. The strengthening method has little influence on the stiffness before beam yield, while the rigidity is improved after yield. When the compression zone height x of standard beam is less than 2a′s, the special section of box-type beam does not need to be considered because the concrete does not participate in the calculation. The code for design of concrete structure on the beam of rectangular cross section formula specification can be used for the design with high accuracy. Specification of JTG J22—2008T calculation formula can be referred when the compression zone height x of strengthened beam with CFRP is less than 2a′s, but the accuracy is not high. The corrected reduction coefficient can improve the accuracy of results.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 604-609 [Abstract] ( 801 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1638KB] ( 1225 )

	610	Impact of freeze-thaw cycles on flexural tensile characteristics of asphalt mixture in cold plateau regions
		Li Ning, Si Wei, Ma Biao, Zhou Xueyan, Tian Yuxiang
		To accurately evaluate the effects of freeze-thaw(F-T) cycle on service level and service life of asphalt pavement in cold plateau regions, the bending test was applied to analyze the flexural tensile characteristics of asphalt mixture under F-T cycles. Exponential model and ANOVA were used to analyze the variation and significance of flexural tensile characteristics under F-T cycles, respectively. Loss ratio model and Logistics model were used to evaluate the deterioration of flexural tensile strength and strain under F-T cycles. The experimental results show that the flexural tensile strength and strain are declined with the increasing of F-T cycles. The deterioration of flexural tensile properties is decreased sharply during initial F-T cycles with gentle change after 15 to 21 F-T cycles. ANOVA shows that F-T cycle has obvious influence on flexural tensile characteristics. Loss ratio model of flexural tensile characteristics can well reflect the impact of F-T cycles.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 610-614 [Abstract] ( 1182 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1432KB] ( 1043 )

	615	Quantitative analysis of energy consumption and emission of plant-mixed hot recycling technology
		Zhang Zhengqi1, Zhang Ke1, Yao Xiaoguang1, Zhai Jia2
		In view of the processing of old pavement, the producing of raw materials, the manufacturing of recycling mixture and the constructing of recycling pavement, the quantitative analysis methods and steps for energy consumption and emission of asphalt pavement hot recycling technology were analyzed based on data collection and calculation. The quantitative analysis model for energy consumption and emission of asphalt pavement hot recycling technology was established. The various steps and the total energy consumption and emission of asphalt pavement hot recycling technology were investigated in detail. The total energy consumption and emission of unit mass hot recycling mixture, the energy consumption ratio and environmental emission coefficient at different life cycle stages were calculated. The results show that compared with hot asphalt mixture, the total energy consumption of 1 t hot recycling mixture at four stages is declined by 19%, and paving 1 km asphalt middle course by hot recycling mixture can reduce the emissions of 2 645 kg CO2, 43 kg SO2, 87 kg 1, 4-dichlorobenzene and 143 kg granular matter equivalently.
		2015 Vol. 36 (5): 615-620 [Abstract] ( 928 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1311KB] ( 1005 )

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