Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2009 Vol.30 Issue.6 Published 2009-11-10

	Article

Article

	541	A wireless-sensor for soil water content powered by solar energy
		Li Lianjun, Sun Yurui, Lin Jianhui
		Either power-supply or long-distance cable is hardly available within field-scale. Considering this,we present a new sensor of soil water content based on the impedance transform of frequency domain. The sensor is powered by solar-energy and the data can be instantly transmitted by wireless communication. The electrodes of the sensor are imbedded into the bottom of a supporting rod so that it can measure moisture contents at various depths of 5～500 mm. Moreover,to reduce entire energy consumption,the optimal design with time-sharing sequence is considered. The experiment results indicate that the sensor is a promising tool for monitoring water content in field-scale with solar power and wireless communication.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 541-544 [Abstract] ( 1856 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 287KB] ( 1602 )

	545	Characteristics and comparison of pressure-based variable spray
		Deng Wei, He Xiongkui, Ding Weimin
		Spray characteristics of pressure-based variable spray,i.e. flow-rate regulating range,spray distribution,spray angle,droplet size,droplet velocity,and dynamic characteristics,are discussed and quantitatively compared with those of PWM-based continuous and intermittent variable spraies. The results showed that,for pressure-based variable spray,flow-rate regulating range is about 2.With flow-rate reducing,spray distribution concentrates greatly and spray droplet size increases significantly. Change rate of spray angle and droplet diameter are 1.08°/% and -1.562 μm/% respectively; spray droplet velocity increases obviously and consistently. Change rates of kinetic energy median diameter（KEMD） and specific energy（SE） are 1.50 μm/% and 0.228 7（J/kg）/% respectively. Energy utilization rate of pressure-based variable spray is low. Among three kinds of variable spraies,flow-rate regulating range of pressure-based spray is the narrowest,its effects on spray characteristics are the most significant; flow-rate regulating range of PWM-based continuous spray is the widest; and PWM-based intermittent spray has the minimal impact on spray characteristics.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 545-548 [Abstract] ( 1738 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 353KB] ( 2287 )

	549	Influence of processing and storage conditions on antioxidant activity of loach peptide
		You Lijun, Zhao Mouming, Regenstein Joe, Ren Jiaoyan, Ruan Weimei
		The effects of temperature,pH,light,drying,metal ions and food ingredients on the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of a previously isolated loach peptide mix were investigated in order to determine the stability of the antioxidant peptides. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of the peptide didn＇t change significantly at 25~100 ℃（P0.05）. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity were decreased by 36.8% and 25.9% in the sunlight over 8 weeks（P0.05）. The peptide was stable for pH 2.0~7.0,but DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were significantly reduced to about 90% and 20% at pH 10.0. The Cu2＋ and Zn2＋ at an increasing concentration significantly decreased the antioxidant activity of loach peptide. Mg2＋,Ca2＋ and K＋ ions（P0.05） had no effect. The antioxidant activity of loach peptide was improved by sugar in the order of glucose sucrose trehalose. Lypholization and spray drying showed no significant difference on its antioxidant activity.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 549-553 [Abstract] ( 1253 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 347KB] ( 1657 )

	554	Effect of ultrasound pretreatment of corn gluten meal to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis in preparing ACEI peptide
		Ding Qingzhi, Ma Haile, Luo Lin, He Ronghai
		The purpose of this study is to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis in preparing ACEI peptide from corn gluten meal （CGM） by ultrasound pretreatment. The optimum condition obtained by single factor and the response surface methodology（RSM） tests is as follows：ultrasonic frequency 20 kHz,ultrasonic treatment time 13.18 min,ultrasonic power 1 000 W,liquor initial temperature 51.59 ℃,time ratio of ultrasonic processing and intermission 2 s∶2 s,and the ACE inhibitory activity under above condition at 66.24%. Compared with the traditional enzymatic hydrolysis without ultrasound pretreatment,under the case that IC50 value has not changed significantly,the inhibitory activity of the hydrolysate to ACE,the yield and the protein conversion are increased respectively by 74.08%,55.11% and 55.06%. Michaelis constant（km） is decreased by 33.30%.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 554-558 [Abstract] ( 1390 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 339KB] ( 1407 )

	559	Influence of seeds spatial distribution on suction performance of precision vacuum seeder
		Zhao Zhan, Li Yaoming, Chen Jin, Xu Lizhang
		According to the force model of seeds during the suction process,the standard k-ε turbulence model was adopted and the force values on seeds in the real gas field nearby the vacuum nozzle of precision seeder were calculated using the CFD software Fluent. By assuming the seeds in the vibration tray are distributed with regular tetrahedron,the influence of seeds lay thickness,n,differential pressure,Δp,seeds gap coefficient,λ,and diameter ratio of nozzle and seed,γ,on the force values were analyzed. The calculation results indicate that with the increase of Δp,the force values increase quickly at large γ and slowly at small γ. With the increase of λ,the force values first increase rapidly for λ1.25 and then increase slower for λ1.25. Combined with the discrete element method（DEM） to simulate the seeds motion states under vibration plate,the optimum working parameters were obtained. The rape seeds were selected as materials and the experimental results show that the suction ratio is higher than 98%.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 559-563 [Abstract] ( 1410 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 331KB] ( 1704 )

	564	Vehicle nonlinear state estimation based on strong tracking filter
		Li Yinong, Zhao Shuen, Mi Lin, Ji-Jie
		To solve the problem that some key state parameters in vehicle stability control process are difficult to measure directly,the state optimization estimation algorithm of multi-sensor linear combination based on strong tracking filter is proposed. A four-degree of freedom vehicle nonlinear dynamics model and state estimation model including longitudinal,lateral and roll motion are established. With the estimator of multi-sensor information fusion and the strong tracking filter theory,the vehicle key states are simulated and analysed. The results show that the strong tracking filter offers higher performance potential. It can solve the problem that the state estimation values deviate from the true system states due to the model uncertainty and can inhibit the filtering divergence effectively. The technology of state estimation with the strong tracking filter has a wide range of adaptive tracking capability. It provides a real-time,accurate and low-cost soft-sensor way for vehicle advanced control.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 564-568 [Abstract] ( 1260 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 327KB] ( 1829 )

	569	Automobile accessory development order based on AHP
		Zhang Lefu, Cai Yixi, Wang Jing, Wang Jun
		The key factors for the development of automobile accessory are discussed,and a hierarchy structure of accessory development and judgement matrix are established to determine the accessory development order based on the theory of AHP and the actual situation of Jiangsu Province. The analysis results show that Jiangsu Province should put the development of key accessory,illuminating device and engines on the first place,but it should also give attention to the development of additional accessories. The conclusion accords with the actual situation of Jiangsu Province and can guide the development of regional economy and support the government＇s decision.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 569-572 [Abstract] ( 1168 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 242KB] ( 1590 )

	573	Reduction of DC link capacitor for motor driver applied to electric vehicle
		Liu Jun, Wen Huiqing, Zhang Xuhui, Wen Xuhui, HU Wei-
		The main considerations of selecting DC link capacitor of motor driver and shortages of conventional designs for electric vehicles were analyzed. The PSpice model of VSI with major parasitic parameters was developed based on advanced film capacitor. These parasitic parameters were considered for the precise analysis of the DC link capacitor selection and the transient operation of IGBT. FLUKE PM6304 programmable automatic LCR meter was chosen as the tool for parasitic parameters measurement. Finally,an 80 kW drive VSI with film capacitor was set up. Simulation and experimental results show that the main consideration factor of selecting DC link capacitor is its ripple current handling capability. The VSI with reduction of DC link capacitor has a volumetric power density of 13 kW/L and a peak power of 11 kW/kg.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 573-576 [Abstract] ( 1842 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 269KB] ( 1963 )

	577	Preparation of continuous fiber reinforced aluminum alloy matrix composites by pressure aided investment casting process
		Sun Shaochun, Ma Dexin, Zhao Yutao, Buhrig-Polaczek A, WU Qiang
		In combination of traditional investment casting with the molten metal infiltration of preform,a modified pressure aided investment casting process was developed to produce continuous（long） fiber reinforced aluminum alloy matrix composites. This process combines the emplacing of reinforced long fiber with the making of wax model and can directly produce the near net shape parts of composites with high precision. According to the properties of the processes,Altex SN γ-Al2O3 fiber of Sumitomo Chemical Company was selected as reinforcement of composites. With systematic experiments aluminum alloy AlZn6Mg1Ag1 was developed as the matrix of the composites. Experiments indicate that the pressure aided investment casting process is suitable for the production of the Altex SN γ-Al2O3 continuous fiber reinforced AlZn6Mg1Ag1 matrix composites. The composites produced show perfect strength property and wide application prospects. After heat treatment（T6） the composite has a tensile strength of 1 003 MPa along the fiber direction and 220 MPa in vertical direction of fiber.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 577-581 [Abstract] ( 1307 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 392KB] ( 1852 )

	582	Finite element simulation for internal stress of metal dusting corrosion layer
		Hu Guiming, Zhou Changyu, Chen Cheng, Kang Yuanhao, Lei Na
		Based on the carbon diffusivity obtained from the metal dusting corrosion experiment of Cr5Mo at 600 ℃ in H2/CO mixture gas,a coupling calculation method for thermal-elastic-plastic-diffusion has been developed with ABAQUS finite element code and its user subroutines of USDFLD,UEXPAN and UDIFF. According to this method,the internal stress of metal dusting corrosion layer for Cr5Mo was simulated and compared with that without consideration of diffusion-induced stress. The results show that the carbon diffusion-induced stress during the process of metal dusting is in a higher level. The surface of metal dusting corrosion layer and the interface between this layer and base material are the main high stress zone. The diffusion-induced stress possesses a high percent in the final internal stress of metal dusting corrosion layer. And it is one important reason to cause the metal dusting corrosion layer broken.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 582-586 [Abstract] ( 1256 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 319KB] ( 2385 )

	587	Modeling and experiment on cutting characteristics in abrasive waterjet machining with cutting head deflexion
		Yang Minguan, Wang Yuli, Kang Can, Yu Feng, CHENG Yilun
		In order to improve the machining efficiency of abrasive waterjet cutting,a model of the depth of cut was set by using dimensional analysis. Experimental study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of oblique cut. The influences of the processing parameters especially the deflexion angle on the depth of cut and the cut surface quality were obtained through analyzing the modeling calculation and the experimental data. The results show that the model gives good predictions,the cutting head deflexion can increase the depth of cut and decrease the striation on the cut surface. The scope of valid deflexion angle which increases the depth of cut expands with the increase of the operating pressure. The best deflexion angle is larger when the traverse speed increases and smaller when the stand off distance increases.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 587-590 [Abstract] ( 1147 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 295KB] ( 2002 )

	591	Numerical simulation of cooling effect by fine water mist in outdoor environment
		Wang Junfeng, Tu Xincheng, Huang Jiwei, Huang Qiaomei-
		Numerical simulation on cooling effect by fine water mist in outdoor environment was carried out under real physical condition and the Realizable k-ε model. Discrete particle model in Fluent was used to simulate the status of fine water mist transportation and the characteristics of heat and mass transfer in outdoor environment. The flow,temperature and humidity fields were simulated. In addition,the human comfort index of cooling effect was predicted. The simulation results show that the evaporation of small size droplets takes place in the zone of flow establishment and transition,and the evaporation of large size droplets occurs in the back flow zone. With the increasing of droplets diameter,the evaporation time of droplets prolongs,cooling effect is more evident and cooling space is expanded. With the increa-sing of droplets diameter,the extent of humidifier expands,the range of humidifier keeps constant,and the relative humidity in local environment increases very little.The technology of fine water mist cooling in outdoor environment will reduce the human comfort index and improve the quality in outdoor environment effectively.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 591-595 [Abstract] ( 1142 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 334KB] ( 1864 )

	596	Three-motor synchronous system based on neural network control
		Liu Xingqiao, Zhao-Liang, Chen-Chong- , Liu Guohai, Cheng-Li-
		Based on neural network,a three-motor synchronous system was designed. Firstly,the mathematical model of three-motor frequency control system was presented. Secondly,the new system was designed including three intelligent PID controllers and a neuron decoupling compensator. The three con-trollers based on BP neural network arithmetic adjust the parameters on-line and adaptively control the velocity loop and two tension loop respectively. The compensator compensates the coupling effects between the velocity loop and two tension loops by training the weights of networks. Thirdly,the experiments of decoupling property,tracking performance and anti-disturbance performance were completed on the platform constructed on the base of SIMATIC S7-300 power PLC. The results show that compared with traditional PID parameters control,the control system can obtain some optimal parameters of the PID controllers according to different running state of system,realize the better decoupling control of speed and tension,and possess better dynamic and static characteristics and stronger anti-interference ability.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 596-600 [Abstract] ( 1388 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 294KB] ( 1878 )

	601	Dynamic compensation based on noise variance estimation and model reference for sensors
		Liu Qing, Cao Guohua
		To solve the problem that unbiased estimate of parameters of the sensor dynamic compensator can not be obtained by using the ordinary least-squares method,a new unbiased identification algorithm is proposed based on the noise variance of the input signal and mode reference.The noise variance was firstly estimated by using the wavelet transform,and then a recursive least-squares method with bias-elimination was applied to estimate the unbiased parameters of the compensator. At the same time,Kalman filter was constructed on reference mode to eliminate the effect of high frequency noise on measurement precision. The simulation experiment was implemented on film thermocouple to verify validity of this algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm lowers the request of input signal,so that the white noise is no longer needed,and this algorithm has better practicability.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 601-605 [Abstract] ( 1198 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 327KB] ( 2096 )

	606	A kind of BLDCM DTC with simplified structure
		Wei Haifeng, Li Pingping, Liu Guohai, Jia Hongping
		To solve those problems such as difficulty in observing and controlling flux linkage,and complexity of estimating torque in brushless DC motors （BLDCM） direct torque control （DTC）,a novel scheme was proposed. Mathematic model of BLDCM was established. The back electromotive force shape function method was adopted to simplify electromagnetic torque calculation when the torque was invariable. The proper stator voltage space vector was selected according to the output of the torque hysteresis controller and the current rotor flux sector. Simulation and experiments on a selected BLDCM were carried out. The results show that this scheme is simple and effective,and it is easy to realize in the industrial application,while to keep the fast torque response.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 606-609 [Abstract] ( 1490 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 255KB] ( 1456 )

	610	GMDH network model and its application based on immune genetic algorithm
		Chen Hong, Chen Senfa
		Considering the problem in modeling of the conventional GMDH network,the least square me-thod used to identify coefficients often led to local minimization,and forecasting was not inaccurate enough,a concept was proposed by combining the immune algorithm and genetic algorithm into the GMDH network to identify its partial descriptive coefficients. An adaptive immune genetic algorithm was provided,and based on this algorithm an IGA-GMDH network model was constructed. This model was applied to simulate the traffic volume at an intersection of Suzhou. The results show that the model can secure global optimization and high precision of corresponding solutions,improve the capacities of global optimization and local optimization,and possesses higher precision of forecasting than the conventional GMDH network.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 610-613 [Abstract] ( 1335 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 284KB] ( 1578 )

	614	Access control system based on image acquisition and face recognition
		Sheng Ping, Liu Xiaomei, Ni Dongwei
		Based on high-speed image gathering and access control,by adopting the FPGA embedded SOPC plan,the human face attendance access control management system was developed. The hardware platform to gather and control images was constructed. Personalization feature extraction algorithm based on the Gabor wavelet transformation was presented,and extraction was carried out with different frequencies and angle directions. The delamination face comparison recognition methods based on the elastic template matching and the SVM algorithm were elaborated. The different threshold values were applied to test the system in VC＋＋. The results show that in this system,eigenvector dimensionality reduction is realized,the correct rate in human face recognition is effectively increased,the probability of misrecognition is reduced,and the recognition speed is also increased.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 614-617 [Abstract] ( 1682 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 274KB] ( 2068 )

	618	Binomial-based high speed network congestion control protocol
		Yang Xiaogang, Dan Baosong, Chen Tan, Lv Weifeng
		Based on HSTCP and binomial congestion control protocol （BCCP）,a new high speed congestion control protocol was proposed. This protocol,named as high speed binomial congestion control protocol （HSBCCP）,is adequate for transmission of streaming media data in high speed network. HSTCP protocol and BCCP protocol were introduced,and their default for transmission of streaming media data in high bandwidth delay environment was analyzed. Performance comparisons of HSBCCP and other congestion control protocols were completed from different aspects including congestion window,link utilization,rate smoothness and network adapting. Simulation results show that HSBCCP has high link utilization,favorable rate smoothness and network adaptivity. There are no problems of low link utilization of TCP and high rate oscillation of HSTCP in HSBCCP.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 618-622 [Abstract] ( 1383 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 290KB] ( 1536 )

	623	Experiments of sarin simulant DMMP decontamination by strong ionization discharging plasma
		Wu Chundu, Zhou Jianjun, Chu Jinyu, Bai Mindong
		Dimethyl methylphosphonate（DMMP）,which acts as the simulant of sarin,was treated by strong ionization discharging plasma. Several operation parameters such as acidity,discharge gas flow,discharge power,discharge chamber pressure and plasma flow were investigated respectively through the experiment.The results show that the treatment efficiency of DMMP in alkaline solution is higher than in acid solution. Reaction of DMMP in acid solution is pseudo zero order kinetic reaction,and pseudo first order kinetic reaction in alkaline solution. The treatment efficiency increases with the increasing plasma flow and discharge power. The treatment efficiency increases first and decreases afterwards with the rise of discharge gas flow and discharge chamber pressure. DMMP solution at the concentration of 50 mg/L can be completely degraded in 7 min in the best reaction conditions.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 623-626 [Abstract] ( 1546 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 290KB] ( 1782 )

	627	Catalytic wet air oxidation of BIPB chemical process wastewater in trickle bed reactor
		Li Ning, Li Guangming, Tao Runxian, Zhao Jianfu, Chu Jinyu
		A high-strength organic wastewater,which needs to be treated cost-effectively in China,was disposed by catalytic wet air oxidation（CWAO） in a trickle bed reactor（TBR）. The fixed bed reactor was operated in a trickle flow regime by adjusting the hydrodynamic parameters. The loaded catalyst composed of active components,manganese and cerium oxides,was developed and was characterized by its high activity and stability. TOC removal efficiency was increased by 20 percent compared to wet air oxidation（WAO） at the same conditions. Moreover,the catalyst was kept comparatively stable activity within 50 hours. Metal cation leaching of the active components was relatively low. The organics in the wastewater were effectively removed even at short space time（9.43 min）. The contaminant removal efficiency was not significantly enhanced at longer space time. Various high-strength organic wastewaters had little effect on the CWAO treatment.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 627-631 [Abstract] ( 1483 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 335KB] ( 1520 )

	632	Constituent and mechanical properties of rammed earth of Jiaoshan ancient emplacement
		Yuan Run, Song Xiangrong, Li Jiankang
		To determine the ingredient ratio of rammed earth in Jiaoshan ancient emplacement （JAE） and improve its manufacture craft,the rammed earth sample was made by using the traditional method. Based on X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,ancient rammed earth and modern rammed earth were compared on composition,and the ingredient ratio of JAE was determined by a comprehensive analysis. Mechanical properties of rammed earth sample were tested,and its stress-strain curves were obtained. The results show that the ingredient ratio of JAE＇s main materials,i.e. earth,lime and fine sand,is 4∶3∶3,and mechanical properties of JAE＇s rammed earth is similar to those of concrete. The constitutive relations of this rammed earth can be well fitted by improved Saenz formula. The results provide reference for maintenance of similar historic buildings.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 632-635 [Abstract] ( 1535 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 335KB] ( 1685 )

	636	Application of deconvolution in ultrasound pre-stack migration imaging for concrete structure
		LI Zhongfang, LUO Ying
		The deconvolution techniques were adopted to improve the vertical resolution of ultrasonic pre-stack migration imaging profiles of the concrete structures. Firstly,the theories of deconvolution and pre-stack migration imaging were introduced. Secondly,the deconvolution was used to sharpen the first wave of the Ricker pulse signal and the arbitrary collection of ultrasonic signal. Thirdly,the deconvolution was applied to deal with the collected signals and the pre-stack migration imaging data. The experiments were carried out on concrete samples with preinstalled internal defect. The results show that deconvolution techniques can not only sharpen a single pulse or random one of the wave arrival of test signals for engineering structure,but also can sharpen the edge damage,and increase the resolution of pre-stack migration section in the pre-stack migration imaging technology.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 636-639 [Abstract] ( 1317 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 270KB] ( 1530 )

	640	Riccati function solutions of nonlinear dispersive-dissipative mKdv equation
		Cai Guoliang, Tang Xiaofen, Ma Kun
		The mKdv equation is expanded and a nonlinear dispersive dissipative mKdv equation is obtained as ：ut＋α u2ux＋βuxx＋γuxxx=0.The generalized modified F-expansion method is developed to solve nonlinear mathematic physic equations. This method is improved by F-expansion method in the form of solution and constraint condition. By using the generalized modified F-expansion method and with the aid of computer symbolism system Mathematica,abundant exact solutions of the nonlinear dispersive dissipative mKdv equation are obtained,including single and combined non-degenerate Jacobi elliptic function solutions,soliton-like solutions,exponential solutions,periodic wave solutions,solitary wave solutions,triangle function solutions,rational function solutions,and plural number formal solutions,etc.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 640-644 [Abstract] ( 1655 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 284KB] ( 1673 )

	645	Mixing property of mth order hidden nonhomogeneous Markov models
		Yang Weiguo, Ji Lingjun, Sun Jie-
		The mixing property of mth order hidden nonhomogeneous Markov models is studied. At first,the definition of the mixing property of mth order nonhomogeneous Markov chains is given. Then the sufficient condition for mth order nonhomogeneous Markov chains to meet this kind of mixing property is proved by using the definition and lemma three. Lastly,the results about nonhomogeneous Markov chains are extended to the mth order hidden nonhomogeneous Markov models,which provide some theoretical basis for further studying multi-order hidden Markov models.
		2009 Vol. 30 (6): 645-648 [Abstract] ( 953 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 217KB] ( 1377 )

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