Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material formed by regeneration of waste asphalt pavement can be used as embankment fill with temperature sensitivity and viscosity because of the asphalt composition. The effects of temperature on compression and permeability characteristics and the mechanism were investigated by compression tests and permeability tests of RAP samples at different temperatures. The test results show that under the same compaction effort, the compression curve of sample with higher test temperature is below that with lower temperature, which indicates that the sample is easy to be compressed at higher temperature. The compression modulus of RAP sample is decreased gradually with the increasing of temperature, and the compressibility is increased gradually. At the same temperature, the variations of compressibility and the compression modulus for RAP samples under higher compaction effort are relatively small. The permeability coefficient of RAP sample is increased with the increasing of test temperature, and the permeability is comparable to that of gravel as fill. Considering that the compressibility and permeability of RAP materials are increased with the increasing of test temperature, the construction of embankment with RAP fill in the summertime is recommended to obtain better compression and permeability.