摘要 为使超微型汽车在各簧载质量下都能获得相对较好的平顺性能,建立了质心随乘载质量不同而变化的半车5自由度动力学模型,提出了1种基于车辆实际乘载情况统计结果的多目标二维度模拟退火优化方法．该方法以各种乘载情况下座椅质量加速度、前后悬架动行程、前后轮胎动位移和车身动态姿态的加权和作为优化目标,以前后悬架刚度和阻尼系数作为优化变量．对优化前后数据进行仿真对比,得到车速为50 km·h-1,乘载为75,150 kg 2种工况下,座椅质量加速度分别优化了17.53％和19.06％,并且其他性能参数能够满足性能要求．试验结果验证了所建仿真模型的正确性及所提出优化方法的有效性,优化后车辆在不同车速和乘载工况下,舒适性降低界限时间有所提高,车辆平顺性得到一定程度的改善．
Abstract：In order to keep ride comfort of super mini vehicle well at all range of sprung mass, a dynamic model of the half vehicle with 5DOF was established. In the proposed model, the centroid was defined by the change of sprung mass. A technique of two dimensional multiobjective based on simulated annealing algorithm was developed. The actual vehicle passage situation, the weighted sum of the seat mass acceleration, front and rear suspension working space(SWS), front and rear dynamic type displacement (DTD) and the dynamic body posture with different loads were taken as optimization objectives, while the damper and stiffness coefficients of suspension were taken as optimum variables. The optimum simulation data were compared to give the improved seat mass accelerations of 17.58% and 19.03% at the speed of 50 km·h-1 with 75 kg and 150 kg passenger mass, respectively. The other parameters can still satisfy the performance requirements. The test results can verify the correctness of the simulation model and the validity of the proposed method. After optimization, the comfort lowering limit value with different loads and speeds are increased, and the ride comfort is improved significantly.
陈龙, 张金超, 汪若尘, 徐兴. 全簧载质量范围内超微型汽车悬架全局优化[J]. 江苏大学学报（自然科学版）, 2012, 33(5): 502-507.
CHEN Long, ZHANG Jinchao, WANG Ruochen, XU Xing. Global optimization of super mini vehicles suspension in full range of sprung mass[J]. Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)
, 2012, 33(5): 502-507.
2012, Vol. 33 
