This paper takes the 2016 corporate targeted poverty alleviation policy as a natural experiment, and uses propensity score matchingdifference in difference (PSMDID) to  examine the impact of corporate targeted poverty alleviation on risktaking. The study shows that after the enterprises participate in targeted poverty alleviation, the level of risktaking will be significantly reduced, and the effect is more significant in the nonstateowned enterprises and those in lowmarketoriented areas; this conclusion is drawn on the base of the placebo effect and the deletion of the sample. A series of robustness tests such as observations and multiperiod DID still hold true. A further research has found that the enterprises participation in targeted poverty alleviation and reduction of risktaking levels can effectively alleviate their financing constraints. Risktaking is a doubleedged weapon, so the enterprises should choose whether to carry out targeted poverty alleviation according to the actual situation or not; the government needs to provide more resources and policy support in order to encourage them to participate in the alleviation.