Shared development requires everyone to participate in the development process and enjoy the development results, which is the unity of socialist fairness, justice and development efficiency. To realize the shared development, we must solve the problem of distribution, an important part of Marxist economics. According to the ideological logic from the general to the special , the main contents of Marxist economic distribution theory are sorted out and summarized in the paper. From the perspective of Marxist distribution theory, we examine the basic connotation and realization way of the concept of shared development from four aspects: each and everyone sharing, comprehensive sharing, coconstruction sharing and gradual sharing, for the four aspects reflect that the concept of shared development is the inheritance and development of the distribution theory of Marxist economics. Our aim is to provide theoretical support and inspiration for promoting the shared development and the reform of Chinas distribution system.