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| Safety analysis of two different methods for producing canine atrial fibrillation models#br# |
| MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiabudula, YANG Xu, ZHANG Ling, MAIMAITIMIN Maimaitiaili, CAO Guiqiu, LI Yaodong, SUN Huaxin, MA Mei, TANG Baopeng |
| 1. Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054; 2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830011; 3. Research Base of Clinical Medicine Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054; 4. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hotan District Peoples Hospital, Hotan Xinjiang 848099; 5. Department of Teaching Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054, China |
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Abstract Objective To compare the safety of the thoracotomy implantation of electrodes and the implantation of electrodes under X-ray fluoroscopy in creating a rapid atrial pacing model, and to provide a basis for producing an atrial fibrillation (AF) animal model.
Methods Twelve experimental dogs were randomly divided into two groups according to different pathways of pacemaker electrode implantation. In the thoracotomy group (n=6), pacemaker electrodes were fixed in the left atrial appendage following thoracotomy while in the intervention group (n=6), pacemaker electrodes were implanted into the right atrial appendage or right atrium through the external jugular vein. Based on stable general situations, the pacemaker was opened and continuously paced for 6 weeks at 400 times per minute in each group. Changes of the cardiac structure was evaluated by performing cardiac B ultrasound examinations separately in the baseline state and after six weeks of continuous pacing. After the surgery, subcutaneous infection, pouch infection, bloody infection, infectious endocarditis, heart failure were assessed by observing the wound, monitoring body temperature, and detecting procalcitonin and NT-proBNP. Results Among the 12 dogs, one in the thoracotomy group died on the third day after the surgery while one in the intervention group suddenly died on the seventh day after the surgery; the remaining 10 dogs all completed the experiment. AF could be induced in both groups. Compared with the cardiac structure before the pacing, the cardiac structure of both groups change to a certain extent following six weeks of pacing; the left atrial diameter, the left ventricular end systolic diameter, the left ventricular end diastolic diameter, the right atrial diameter, and the right ventricular diameter of the two groups all increase after six weeks of pacing. However, there is no statistically significant difference of ejection fraction before and after pacing. The incidence of heart failure in the thoracotomy group is significantly higher than that in the intervention group (50.0% vs. 16.7%，P＜0.05) while the infection rate is also significantly different between the two groups (66.7% vs. 33.3%，P＜0.05). Conclusion In terms of reducing the infection rate and the incidence of heart failure, the method of implanting electrodes in an external jugular vein under X-ray fluoroscopy is superior to the thoracotomy implantation of electrodes to produce a canine rapid atrial pacing model.
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