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Influence of irrigation quota and frequency on root growth and yield of processing tomato |
ZHANG Kun1,2,DIAO Ming1,2,JING Bo1,ZHANG Xiaoqian1,WAN Wenliang1,GUO Pengfei1,HAN Wen1 |
1. Agricnltural College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Featured Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China |
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Abstract The effect of irrigation quota and frequency on root growth and yield of processing tomato(H1015)under mulch drip irrigation was studied experimentally to understand their response mechanisms to different irrigation systems in Northwest China. Three irrigation quotas(W1-100%ET0, W2-75%ET0; W3-50%ET0, ET0-reference crop evapotranspiration)and two frequency levels(F1-three times a week; F2-once a week)were used in the experiment. The experimental results show that the roots of processing tomato are mainly distributed in 0-40 cm soil layer(63.20%-85.67% estimated), and the root growth and dry matter quality gradually are decreased with increasing soil depth. The conventional irrigation frequency(F2)and small irrigation quota(W3)can promote the roots to develop into deep soil, but the high frequency irrigation(F1)and large irrigation quota(W2)can be in favor of roots distributed within a relatively shallow layer of soil. The soil water content under high frequency irrigation shows a less fluctuation and remains within a stable range in comparison with conventional frequency irrigation. Meanwhile, the soil volumetric moisture, leaf area index, dry weight and yield rise with increasing irrigation quota and frequency. At the same irrigation frequency, there is no statistically significant difference in tomato yield between large and medium quotas(P>0.05), but significant between large and small quotas(P<0.05). With comprehensive consideration of root growth, yield and water resource saving, the nearly optimum irrigation system for processing tomato in Northwest China should be 75% ET0 irrigation quota, once a week irrigation frequency in seedling period, three times a week irrigation frequency in flowering to fruiting periods.
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Received: 08 February 2018
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