|
|
|
| Assessing blue and green water use efficiency in grain production of China |
| WANG Dandan1, XIAO Lan1, ZHANG Junhong2, 3 |
| 1.School of Resourse and Environmental Sciences, Chifeng University, Chifeng, Imner Mongolia 024000, China; 2.College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract In order to assess the spatial variation of blue and green water use efficiency in grain production of China, the provincial total and irrigated farmland water resources utilization of generalized water productivity(Ptu, Piu), evapotranspiration and water productivity(PtET, PiET)and rain-fed grain crops water productivity(Pr)in the year 2010 were calculated. Then the spatial distribution pattern of all water productivity indicators, as well as the effects of irrigation on regional water and productivity were analyzed. The result shows that national Ptu, PtET, Piu, PiET and Pr were estimated to be 0.765, 0.979, 0.767, 1.002 and 0.758 kg/m3 respectively. The spatial distribution pattern of four indicators Ptu, PtET, Piu and PiET was similar with each other, while none of them was significantly correlates with Pr in grain production. Irrigated farmland played a leading role in both water use and the spatial distribution of water productivity of China. The unit production of grain yield in irrigated farmland was 2.6 times that in the rain-fed farmland at the national level. Piu in the North China Plain and its surrounding provinces was higher than Pr, while irrigation reduced water productivity in 15 provinces, for example Hainan province, although the yield of grain crops increased. The results can provide a reference for agricultural water management.
|
|
Received: 29 June 2016
|
|
|
|
| [1]CAI X, YANG Y, RINGLER C, et al. Agricultural water productivity assessment for the Yellow River Basin[J]. Agricultural water management, 2011, 98(8): 1297-1306.[2]CAO X, WANG Y, WU P, et al. An evaluation of the water utilization and grain production of irrigated and rain-fed croplands in China[J]. Science of the total environment, 2015, 529: 10-20.[3]ZHUO L, MEKONNEN M, HOEKSTRA A. The effect of inter-annual variability of consumption, production, trade and climate on crop-related green and blue water footprints and inter-regional virtual water trade:a study for China(1978—2008)[J]. Water research, 2016, 94: 73-85.[4]操信春, 吴普特, 王玉宝, 等. 中国灌溉水粮食生产率及其时空变异[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2012, 30(3): 356-361.. CAO Xinchun,WU Pute,WANG Yubao,et al. Spatial and temporal variation of crop water productivity in China[J]. Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering, 2012, 30(3): 356-361.(in Chinese)[5]郑捷, 李光永, 韩振中. 中美主要农作物灌溉水分生产率分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2008, 24(11): 46-50. ZHENG Jie, LI Guangyong, HAN Zhenzhong. Sino-US irrigation water use efficiencies of main crops [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2008, 24(11): 46-50.(in Chinese)[6]BIEMANS H, SPEELMAN L, LUDWIG F, et al. Future water resources for food production in five South Asian river basins and potential for adaptation—a mode-ling study[J]. Science of the total environment, 2013, 468(SI): S117-S131.[7]操信春,吴普特,王玉宝,等.基于DEA的灌区生产效率分析——以江苏省为例[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(2):173-178. CAO Xinchun,WU,Pate,WANG Yubao, et al.Anclysis of production efficiency of irrigution districts based on DEA method:take Jiangsu Province as an example[J].Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering,2014,32(2):177-178.(in Chinese)[8]操信春, 吴普特, 王玉宝, 等. 中国灌区水分生产率及其时空差异分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(13): 1-7. CAO Xinchun, WU Pute, WANG Yubao, et al. Analysis on temporal and spatial differences of water productivity in irrigation districts in China [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(13): 1-7.(in Chinese)[9]FALKENMARK M, ROCKSTRÖM J. The new blue and green water paradigm: breaking new ground for water resources planning and management[J]. Journal of water resources planning and management, 2006,132(3): 129-132.[10]DALIN C, HANASKI N, QIU H, et al. Water resources transfers through Chinese interprovincial and foreign food trade [J]. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America, 2014, 111(27): 9774-9779.[11]崔远来,董斌,李远华.水分生产率指标随空间尺度变化规律[J].水利学报, 2006,37(1):45-51. CUI Yuanlai,DONG Bin, LI Yuanhua,et al.Variation of water productivity in different spatial scales[J].Journal of hydraulic engineering,2006,37(1):45-51.(in Chinese)[12]CAO X, WU P, WANG Y, et al. Assessing blue and green water utilisation in wheat production of China from the perspectives of water footprint and total water use[J]. Hydrology and earth system sciences, 2014, 18(8): 3165-3178.[13]操信春, 吴普特, 王玉宝, 等. 水分生产率指标的时空差异及相关关系[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(2): 268-274. CAO Xinchun, WU Pute, WANG Yubao, et al. Temporal and spatial variation and correlativity of water productivity indexes in irrigated land of China[J]. Advances in water science, 2014, 25(2): 268-274.(in Chinese)[14]YUAN M, ZHANG L, GOU F, et al. Assessment of crop growth and water productivity for five C3 species in semi-arid Inner Mongolia[J]. Agricultural water ma-nagement, 2013, 122(1): 28-38.[15]TAO F, ZHANG Z. Climate change, wheat productivity and water use in the North China Plain: a new super-ensemble-based probabilistic projection[J]. Agricultural and forest meteorology, 2013,70(S1): 146-165.[16]ZWART S, BASTIAANSSEN W G M, FRAINTURE C, et al. A global benchmark map of water productivity for rainfed and irrigated wheat[J]. Agriculture water management, 2010, 97(10): 1617-1627.[17]操信春,吴普特,王玉宝,等. 不同灌溉水分生产率指标的时空变异与相关关系[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(4):189-194. CAO Xinchun,WU Pute,WANG Yubao, et al. Spatial and temporal variation of three irrigation water productivity indexes in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAM, 2014, 45(4):189-194.(in Chinese)[18]QURESHI M, GRANFTON R, KIRBY M, et al. Understanding irrigation water use efficiency at different scales for better policy reform: a case study of the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia[J]. Water policy, 2011, 13(1): 1-17.[19]李计初. 改善灌溉农业生产条件确保国家粮食安全——访国际灌排委员会主席高占义[J]. 中国水利, 2012(6): 14-15. LI Jichu.Improvement of agricultural irrigation conditions to ensure national food security—interview of chairman GAO Zhanyi,the International commission on Irrigation and Drainage[J].China water resources,2012(6):14-15.(in Chinese)[20]操信春. 中国粮食生产用水效率及其时空差异研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2015. |
|
|
|
