Changing law of nitrogen concentration in paddy water under alternating drought and flooding stress
GUO Rong1,2, ZHOU Wei3, GAO Shikai1,2, WANG Mei1,2, CAO Ruizhe1,2, YU Shuang′en1,2
1.Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; 2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; 3.College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Abstract:NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations in paddy water under alternating drought and floo-ding stress are studied with lysimeter experiment during jointing-booting and panicle initiation stages by using water level as a regulation index. The experimental results show that NH+4-N is the major form of nitrogen in paddy surface and ground water. Alternating drought and flooding stress has significant influence on the change of NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations in paddy water. Compared with FFTD(first flooding and then drought), the mean NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations are significantly greater in FDTF(first drought and then flooding)water. The NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations are decreased in FFTD and FDTF surface water. Moreover, the mean NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations are significantly higher in paddy water under the flooding stress than under drought stress. In addition, NH+4-N and NO-3-N concentrations can be sharply increased in paddy water when a drought stress is followed by a flooding stress. Therefore, drainage should be avoided when the re-flooding occurs after drought.
郭蓉,, 周伟, 高世凯,, 王梅,, 曹睿哲,, 俞双恩,. 旱涝交替胁迫下稻田水氮素流失规律[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2016, 34(11): 990-994.
GUO Rong,, ZHOU Wei, GAO Shikai,, WANG Mei,, CAO Ruizhe,, YU Shuang′en,. Changing law of nitrogen concentration in paddy water under alternating drought and flooding stress. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin, 2016, 34(11): 990-994.
[1]OLAREWAJU O E, ADETUNJI M T, ADEOFUN C O, et al. Nitrate and phosphorus loss from agricultural land: implications for nonpoint pollution[J]. Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems, 2009, 85(1): 79-85.[2]SUN H, ZHANG H, YU Z, et al. Combination system of full-scale constructed wetlands and wetland paddy fields to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from rural unregulated non-point sources[J]. Environmental geochemistry and health, 2013, 35(6): 801-809.[3]XIAO M, YU S, SHE D, et al. Nitrogen and phospho-rus loss and optimal drainage time of paddy field under controlled drainage condition[J].Arabian journal of geo-sciences, 2015, 8(7): 4411-4420.[4]彭世彰,张正良,罗玉峰,等. 灌排调控的稻田排水中氮素浓度变化规律[J]. 农业工程学报,2009,25(9): 21-26. PENG Shizhang, ZHANG Zhengliang, LUO Yufeng, et al. Variation of nitrogen concentration in drainage water from paddy fields under controlled irrigation and drai-nage[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2009,25(9):21-26.(in Chinese)[5]ZHAO X, ZHOU Y, MIN J, et al. Nitrogen runoff do-minates water nitrogen pollution from rice-wheat rotation in the Taihu Lake region of China[J]. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 2012, 156(4): 1-11.[6]高效江, 胡雪峰, 王少平, 等. 淹水稻田中氮素损失及其对水环境影响的试验研究[J].农业环境保护, 2001, 20(4): 196-198. GAO Xiaojiang,HU Xuefeng,WANG Shaoping,et al. Loss of nitrogen in rice field and its influence on water evironment[J]. Agro-environmental protection,2001, 20(4): 196-198.(in Chinese)[7]栗海俊, 李勇, 杨秀霞, 等. 不同形态氮素营养和水分条件对苗期水稻生长及渗透调节能力的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2010, 24(4): 403-409. LI Haijun,LI Yong,YANG Xiuxia, et al. Effects of different nitrogen forms and water stress on the growth and osmotic adjustment of rice seedlings [J]. Chinese journal of rice science, 2010, 24(4): 403-409.(in Chinese)[8]姜萍, 朱日恒, 戴耀文,等. 节水灌溉条件下稻田氮素径流与渗漏流失特征研究[C]//全国农业环境科学学术研讨会, 2013:1592-1596.[9]STARK J M, FIRESTONE M K. Mechanisms for soil moisture effects on activity of nitrifying bacteria[J]. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1995, 61(1): 218-221.[10]SANDER T, GERKE H H. Preferential flow patterns in paddy fields using a dye tracer[J]. Vadose zone journal, 2007, 6(1): 105-115.[11]肖梦华,俞双恩,章云龙. 控制排水条件下淹水稻田田面及地下水氮浓度变化[J]. 农业工程学报,2011,27(10): 180-186. XIAO Menghua, YU Shuangen, ZHANG Yunlong. Changes of nitrogen concentration for surface and groundwater in flooding paddy field under controlled drainage[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(10): 180-186.(in Chinese)[12]郭相平,甄博,陆红飞. 水稻旱涝交替胁迫叠加效应研究进展[J]. 水利水电科技进展,2013,33(2): 83-86. GUO Xiangping,ZHEN Bo,LU Hongfei.Research advances in pile-up effects of drought and waterlogging alternative stress on rice [J]. Advances in science and technology of water resources,2013,33(2): 83-86.(in Chinese)[13]SITAULA B K, BAKKEN L R. Nitrous oxide release from spruce forest soil: relationships with nitrification, methane uptake, temperature, moisture and fertilization[J]. Soil biology and biochemistry, 1993, 25(10): 1415-1421.[14]XIANG S R, DOYLE A, HOLDEN P A, et al. Drying and rewetting effects on C and N mineralization and microbial activity in surface and subsurface California grassland soils[J]. Soil biology and biochemistry, 2008, 40(9): 2281-2289.