Water-saving irrigation scheduling for transplanted cotton following wheat harvest
Liu Hao, Zhang Jiyang, Sun Jingsheng, Shen Xiaojun, Zhang Junpeng, Ning Huifeng
Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
Abstract:To develop a suitable irrigation scheduling for transplanted cotton following wheat harvest, an experiment was conducted in non-weighting lysimeters to study effects of frequency of watering on plant growth, boll development, seed cotton yield, fiber quality and water use efficiency in 2011. The results showed that the watering at germination stage and early stage of leaf blade formation to promote seedling growth(scheduling CT1)can enhance plant growth, but not significantly increase seed cotton yield and fiber quality, resulting in the lowest gin turnout and water use efficiency. If there are irrigations after cotton seedlings transplanted only, the forthcoming rainwater(scheduling CT4)can not meet water requirement for plant growth, in consequence normal development of both bud and boll is restrained, causing a lower seed cotton yield and poor fiber quality. Compared with scheduling CT1, the irrigation scheduling in which watering is taken place in squaring stage doesn't reduce seed cotton yield and fiber quality, but also leads to a 8.5% increased gin turnout and a 30.8% improved water use efficiency. Eventually, both water-saving and high yield can be achieved simultaneously for transplanted cotton following wheat harvest.
[1]毛树春,韩迎春,李亚兵,等. 棉花工厂化育苗和机械化移栽新技术[J]. 中国棉花,2008,35(3):34-36. Mao Shuchun, Han Yingchun, Li Yabing, et al. The technique of cotton seedling raising in greenhouse and root-naked transplanting by machine [J]. China Cotton, 2008,35(3):34-36.(in Chinese)[2]Ünlü M, Kanber R, Koç D L, et al. Effect of deficit irrigation on the yield and yield components of drip irrigated cotton in a Mediterranean environment [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2011, 98(4): 597-605.[3]Önder D, Akiscan Y, Önder S, et al. Effect of different irrigation water level on cotton yield and yield components [J]. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2009, 8(8): 1536-1544.[4]王淑芬,裴冬,贾金生,等. 膜下滴灌棉花关键生育期不同灌水量、灌水次数对其生长、产量及水分利用率的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2005,20(5):76-80. Wang Shufen, Pei Dong, Jia Jinsheng, et al. The effects of irrigation quantity and frequency of drip irrigation to plastic-mulched cotton at critical growing stage [J]. Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica, 2005, 20(5): 76-80.(in Chinese)[5]Ertek A, Kanber R. Effects of different drip irrigation programs on the boll number and shedding percentage and yield of cotton [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2003, 60(1): 1-11.[6]孟兆江,卞新民,刘安能,等. 调亏灌溉对棉花生长发育及其产量和品质的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2008,20(1):39-44. Meng Zhaojiang, Bian Xinmin, Liu Anneng, et al. Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on growth and deve-lopment characteristics in cotton and its yield and fiber quality [J]. Cotton Science, 2008, 20(1): 39-44.(in Chinese)[7]刘小玲,毛树春,韩迎春,等. 棉花三种育苗移栽新方法缓苗期棉苗若干生理生化的比较[J]. 棉花学报,2010,22(5):437-442. Liu Xiaoling, Mao Shuchun, Han Yingchun, et al. Study on physiological and biochemical indicators of seedling of three new seedling-raising and transplanting methods at recovering stage [J]. Cotton Science, 2010, 22(5): 437-442.(in Chinese)[8]房卫平,谢德意,李文,等. 不同密度下短季棉成铃时空分布及产量比较研究[J]. 河南农业科学,2011, 40(1): 58-61. Fang Weiping, Xie Deyi, Li Wen, et al. Studies on bolls spatial and temporal distribution and yield of short-season cotton under different planting densities [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 40(1): 58-61.(in Chinese)[9]王国平,韩迎春,毛树春,等. 苗龄对裸苗麦后移栽短季棉生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 棉花学报,2011,23(6):573-580. Wang Guoping, Han Yingchun, Mao Shuchun, et al. Effects of seedling ages on growth, development and yield of transplanted short season cotton in wheat-co-tton continuous cropping pattern [J]. Cotton Science, 2011, 23(6): 573-580.(in Chinese)[10]马奇祥,王振宇,崔小伟,等. 棉花麦后移栽与麦棉套种综合效益比较[J]. 河南农业科学,2010, 39(4): 26-28. Ma Qixiang, Wang Zhenyu, Cui Xiaowei, et al. Comparison of comprehensive benefit between transplanted cotton following wheat harvest and wheat-cotton intercropping system [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 39(4): 26-28.(in Chinese)[11]王振宇,马奇祥,栾德印,等. 棉花麦后移栽与麦棉套作综合效益比较研究[J]. 河北农业科学,2010,14(7):97-98. Wang Zhenyu, Ma Qixiang, Luan Deyin, et al. Comparison of comprehensive benefit of transplanting cotton after wheat harvest and wheat cotton intercropping [J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 14(7): 97-98.(in Chinese)[12]张立桢, 曹卫星,张思平,等. 棉花根系生长和空间分布特征[J]. 植物生态学报,2005,29(2):266-273. Zhang Lizheng, Cao Weixing, Zhang Siping, et al. Characterizing root growth and spatial distribution in co-tton[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2005, 29(2): 266-273.(in Chinese)[13]刘浩,孙景生,张寄阳,等. 喷灌条件下耕作方式和亏缺灌溉对麦后移栽棉产量和水分利用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2012,23(2):389-394. Liu Hao, Sun Jingsheng, Zhang Jiyang, et al. Effects of tillage mode and deficit irrigation on the yield and water use of transplanted cotton following wheat harvest under sprinkler irrigation [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(2): 389-394.(in Chinese)[14]刘浩,孙景生,张寄阳,等. 耕作方式和水分处理对棉花生产及水分利用的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2011,27(10):164-168. Liu Hao, Sun Jingsheng, Zhang Jiyang, et al. Effect of tillage methods and water treatment on production and water use of cotton [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(10): 164-168.(in Chinese)[15]Ertek A, ?瘙塁ensoy S, Gedik Ibrahim, et al. Irrigation scheduling based pan evaporation values for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)grown under field conditions [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2006, 81(1/2): 159-172.[16]Kanber R, Yazar A, Önder S, et al. Irrigation response of pistachio(Pistacia cera L.)[J]. Irrigation Science, 1993, 14(1): 7-14.[17]陈智芳,王景雷,宋妮. GIS空间分析技术在棉花叶面积测定中的应用[J]. 中国农学通报,2012,28(9):145-149. Chen Zhifang, Wang Jinglei, Song Ni. Application of GIS spatial analysis to measure leaf area of cotton [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2012, 28(9): 145-149.(in Chinese)[18]邓天宏,朱自玺,方文松,等. 土壤水分对棉花蕾铃脱落和纤维品质的影响[J]. 中国农业气象,1998,19(3):8-13. Deng Tianhong, Zhu Zixi, Fang Wensong, et al. The effect of soil moisture on abscission rate of squares and bolls and fibre quality of cotton [J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 1998, 19(3): 8-13.(in Chinese)[19]俞希根,孙景生,刘祖贵,等. 亏缺灌溉对棉花生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报,2000,19(3):33-37. Yu Xigen, Sun Jingsheng, Liu Zugui, et al. Effects of deficit irrigation on growth, development and yield in cotton [J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2000, 19(3): 33-37.(in Chinese)[20]刘浩,张寄阳,王聪聪,等. 麦后移栽棉生育及生理特性对水分亏缺的响应[J]. 灌溉排水学报,2012,31(2):14-18. Liu Hao, Zhang Jiyang, Wang Congcong, et al. Response of growth and physiological characteristics of transplanted cotton following wheat harvest to water deficit [J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2012, 31(2): 14-18.(in Chinese)[21]张振华,蔡焕杰,杨润亚,等. 膜下滴灌棉花产量和品质与作物缺水指标的关系研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2005, 21(6): 26-29. Zhang Zhenhua, Cai Huanjie, Yang Runya, et al. Relationships between yield, quality and CWSI of cotton under drip irrigation with mulch [J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2005, 21(6): 26-29.(in Chinese)[22]许玉璋,许萱,赵都利,等. 土壤水分对棉籽发育的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 1993, 11(4): 48-53. Xu Yuzhang, Xu Xuan, Zhao Duli, et al. The effect of soil on the development of cotton seeds [J]. Agricultu-ral Research in the Arid Areas, 1993, 11(4): 48-53.(in Chinese)