Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

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Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Eidtion)

	2019 Vol.40 Issue.1 Published 2019-01-10

	Article

Article

	1	Real-time visual vehicle detection method based on DSP platform
		WANG Hai, LI Cheng, CAI Ying-Feng, CHEN Long, HE You-Guo
		To improve the real-time performance of vehicle detection algorithm for the present embedded platform, a vehicle detection algorithm was proposed based on multi-range region of interest（ROI）according to the algorithm computational costs. The traditional Adaboost algorithm was improved by traversing multiple layers of interested regions in multi-scale window to reduce the traversal times of entire image and single ROI. The visual studio （VS）software was used to simulate and compare the results before and after the algorithm optimization. The static allocation memory was used to instead the dynamic allocation memory in hardware transplantation, and the embedded transplantation of algorithm was completed by direct memory access （DMA）insteading memory library function. The results show that the proposed algorithm has good detection accuracy and real-time performance. The method can effectively improve detection speed with good vehicle detection accuracy. The processing speed reaches 13-15 frames per second at the input image size of 720 × 480 pixels, and the real-time vehicle detection is achieved.
		Guide:null
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 1-7 [Abstract] ( 140 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2747KB] ( 744 )

	8	Optimization design of passenger flow buff area for crossover interchange urban rail station
		DONG Zhe-Wei, XU Yong-Neng
		Due to the constant growing of subway traffic volume, the interchange stations as hubs of subway system are suffering from severe congestion, especially for the interchange stations in "crossover" form. The buffer areas were proposed to alleviate the problem of station congestion. Based on Anylogic software, the massive data simulations were conducted to discover the law of congestion formation in "crossover" passages. The regional buffer model was established to obtain the flow-buffer area formulas by orthogonal analysis. The system arrival model was set up， and based on the evaluation indicators of passenger flow density and theoretical arrivals, the empirical research was applied on Nanjing Daxing Gong station to check the proposed method. The results show that setting up a small buffer area can greatly alleviate the congestion of "crossover" transfer channel, and even minimal buffer area can improve the traffic capacity of Nanjing Daxing Gong station by 30%.
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		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 8-15 [Abstract] ( 157 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2959KB] ( 652 )

	16	Dynamic powertrain design for electric vehicle based on consumption and cost
		QIU Li-Qi, WANG Liang-Mo, ZOU Xiao-Jun, SONG Wei, YE Jin
		To achieve the optimal design of powertrain for electric vehicles (EVs), the consumption and cost of EVs with one-speed, two-speed and three-speed transmission system were analyzed and compared. A finite-element-based method was proposed to generate torque-speed curves and efficiency maps of electric motors rapidly, and a motor database with more than two thousand motors was built based on the method. The speed ratio of each motor in database was optimized, and a cost model was built to estimate the total cost for powertrain. The results show that compared with the EVs with one-speed transmission, the consumption of EVs with two-speed transmission is decreased by 2%-10% in average, and the cost is decreased by 1%-4%. Compared with the two-speed type, the EVs with three-speed transmission has slight decrease of less than 4%, while the cost may be even increased. The EVs with two-speed transmission is practically best in a balanced view, and further increase of speeds can not lead to better solution.
		Guide:null
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 16-21 [Abstract] ( 466 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2985KB] ( 608 )

	22	Estimating policy-loss subsidy of public transport based on smart bus platform
		LUO Qing-Yu, SONG Jin-Ge, WU Wen-Jing
		Some bus enterprises are difficult to make ends meet, and the quality of bus services is declining in some cities. The reason is that the bus policy losses and operating losses are not clearly divided, and there lacks accurate data for measuring indexes. To solve the problems, a comprehensive measurement model for policy-loss subsidy was established with passenger number, fare types and vehicle types as variables. The range of bus policy-loss subsidy was defined, and the revised standard cost was introduced to replace the operating cost with considering the latest policies of new energy bus subsidies. To avoid the statistic error from traditional enterprises and statistics departments, the smart bus management platform was fully utilized to mine the real-time data for the calibration of model. The results show that based on the smart bus data, the proposed model can improve the declining operation quality of bus enterprises caused by unreasonable government subsidies, and can also avoid the confusion between operating losses and policy losses.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 22-26 [Abstract] ( 188 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1223KB] ( 774 )

	27	Impact of bus entering lane change behavior on headway
		LIU Yue-Qi, XIANG Hong-Yan, CHEN Cheng-Hui
		Bus entering lane change (BELC) is a kind of permanent and mandatory lane change behavior on the city road. To find out the factors that influence traffic organization and efficiency within upstream of bus stop, the process of bus lane change behavior was analyzed. The relationship among lane change time, lane change frequency, stop distance, number of crossed lanes and traffic volume was quantitatively analyzed based on the actual survey data. According to the principal component analysis method, a multivariate linear regression model of the headway with the above five factors was established. The proposed model was proved that it can better meet the test than the empirical regression model. The results show that during the BELC, the first principal component mainly reflects the lane change time, while the lane change frequency does not meet the main component requirements with slight effect on headway. The stop distance is negative to the headway, while the other four factors are proportional to the headway. Lengthening lane change distance, reducing duration and cross numbers of lane change and decreasing traffic volume can improve traffic conditions around bus stop.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 27-33 [Abstract] ( 164 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1568KB] ( 617 )

	34	Analysis of vehicle violation behavior based on multi-region decision model and SIFT
		SHI Quan, SUN Bing, HUI Ren-Jie, SUN Ling, WANG Han
		For the interlaced and occluded road conditions of large traffic flow and multi-motion trajectory, to effectively analyze the vehicle behavior, a method of vehicle violation behavior analysis was proposed based on SIFT key-points and multi-region decision model. The matching result of SIFT key-points between two video images was used to obtain the motion vector of each vehicle in the video image, and the effective behavior features were extracted. According to the objective driving regulations of different lane areas, a multi-region decision model was established for normal driving/violation driving of vehicles. Based on the decision model, the qualitative analysis of vehicle violation behavior was completed to obtain the behavior result. The results show that the proposed vehicle violation behavior analysis method has high detection accuracy, low false detection rate and simple implementation, and it can meet the needs of practical application environments for the traffic monitoring of complex traffic intersections.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 34-39 [Abstract] ( 165 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4633KB] ( 690 )

	40	Adaptive modulation method of beacons in HiperLAN／2 communication channel
		JIANG Xiao-Ming, TONG Xin, JIANG Hao-Bin, LI Kang-Fei
		To solve the traffic safety problem, the proactive safety applications in internet of vehicles（IoV）were investigated. The distribution of packet delivery rate (PDR) and transmission time delay of beacon was analyzed under the traditional modulation and coding mode. Considering the demands for secure application of IoV, the beacon adaptive modulation method was proposed based on channel estimation. The beacon transceiver system for IoV was established based on HiperLAN/2 channel model. By measuring the real-time fading of each subcarrier, the modulation coding methods were adaptively allocated. The communication parameters of traditional modulation and new modulation method in the system were compared， and the influence of beacon packet format on the new modulation method was analyzed. The results show that PDR and latency of the new method are better than those of traditional methods. The proposed method can adapt to the commonly used formats of data packet with improved real-time transmission quality of beacon data and can meet the requirements of proactive security in IoV.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 40-43 [Abstract] ( 171 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2742KB] ( 774 )

	44	Experiment for influence of flow parameters on DOC performance
		MENG Zhong-Wei, JIN Zhao-Xiang, FANG Jia
		Based on the diesel engine bench，the effects of flow parameters on DOC performance were investigated by changing flow temperature or gas hourly space velocity (GHSV). The results show that the pressure drop is linearly increased with the increasing of flow temperature, and the higher the GHSV is, the greater the growth rate is. The characteristic of DOC temperature rise is not obvious in the normal operation of engine, and the outlet temperature change is affected by GHSV and flow temperature. The characteristic of DOC fuel ignition is affected by the flow temperature in exhaust pipe fuel injection, and the higher the temperature is, the less the THC leaks. DOC can significantly reduce the emission of CO and THC, and the conversion efficiency is increased first with latter tending to be gentle with the increasing of flow temperature. The ability of oxidizing NO to NO2 by DOC is strong, and the ( the volume fraction of NO2 in NOx) is increased first with latter decreasing with the increasing of flow temperature, and the maximum value of  appears in the DOC at around 350 ℃.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 44-50 [Abstract] ( 161 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3254KB] ( 763 )

	51	Analysis on interaction force and morphological characteristics for particles under different loads
		SUN Xu, HE Ren
		Atomic force microscopy and high power transmission electron microscope were used to study the interaction force and morphological characteristics of exhaust particles ,which were collected at 3 600 r?min-1 and under different loads of 50%,75% and 100%. The results show that at the same speed, with the increasing of load, the attraction force Fat of particles is increased with 1.31, 1.64 and 2.28 nN,respectively. The force of adhesion Fad and the adhesion energy Wad are increased, and Fad values are 3.46,4.15 and 4.71 nN with Wad values of 1.45×10-16,1.81×10-16 and 2.11×10-16 J,respectively. The adhesion and the energy barrier among particles are increased, and the agglomeration of particles becomes more stable. With the increasing of load, the particles are gradually evolved into agglomeration from branch, and the agglomeration degree is increased with mountainous accumulation of particles, increased grain density and cluster size. The relationship between the interaction of particles and the effect of particle morphology is obviously due to the increasing of attraction force, adhesion force and adhesion energy barrier, which can promote the agglomeration of particles and enhance the compactness of agglomerated particles.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 51-55 [Abstract] ( 169 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2877KB] ( 658 )

	56	Positioning analysis and improvement of communication failure in electric vehicle battery management system
		ZHU Hao, DU Yong-Zhi, WEN Ming, YIN Hui-Chun, ZHAO Dan
		To solve the problem of communication abnormality due to electromagnetic interference during loading test of new energy prototype, the data transmission signal was measured, and the working principle of motor drive system was investigated. The Fourier expression was used to analyze the harmonic signals from inverters operating in three-phase load balancing and unbalanced states.The measurement and analysis results show that the second harmonic and the higher harmonic generated by high-speed switching action of inverter under load imbalance are coupled to the acquisition chip through the voltage sampling line, which causes the differential signal drive anomalies, destroys the communication link signal integrity and results in communication failure.Through optimization measures of optimizing the filter and perfecting the shielding layer, the influence of interference signal on transmission link is suppressed, and the communication is ensured normally.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 56-61 [Abstract] ( 174 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2869KB] ( 883 )

	62	Optimal design of parameters for expressway speed humps
		YAO Ming, CHEN Hao-Jie, WEN Peng-Jing, MIAO Jia-Yu, CHEN Shi-An
		To slow down the vibration of automobile suspension for the car passing speed humps of expressway, the automobile suspension model and the speed humps-speed coupling incentive model were established. The root mean square value of acceleration in the vertical direction caused by the acceleration of vehicle suspension was taken as evaluation index, and the Simulink was used to simulate and analyze the vibration incentive characteristics for the automobile passing through speed humps at a certain speed. The speed humps of a downhill section of a fast road in Zhenjiang were selected and compared before and after optimization. The results show that when the speed limit is 80 km?h-1 with speed hump width of 1.0 m, the speed decline rate of mini-car is 14.3%. When other parameters remain unchanged with adjustment width of 1.4 m, the speed drop rate of small cars reaches 21.4% with resonance phenomenon for vehicle suspension. The optimized speed hump can significantly increase the speed limit effect and improve the driving comfort of driver and passenger.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 62-66 [Abstract] ( 373 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1573KB] ( 770 )

	67	An object oriented software testing method based on RRT tech
		CHEN Jin-Fu, XI Jia-Xiang, YU Min-Jie, HUANG Ru-Bing, BAO Qi-Hao
		To solve the problems that the current testing methods for object-oriented software are less and inefficient, an approach of restricted random testing (RRT) was proposed based on adaptive random testing (ART) for object-oriented programs. The structure of object-oriented software test cases was analyzed, and the test cases were suggested with dynamic part and static part. The distance between the test cases was given as the distance between the dynamic part and the static part, and the formulas for calculating the distance between the dynamic part and the static part were given respectively. A prototype system was designed based on RRT. The main modules of the prototype system were class diagram entry module, test case distance measurement module, RRT test cases generation module and result analysis module. The proposed method was compared with random testing method by experiments. The results show that compared with the random test method, the proposed object-oriented RRT method can reduce the number of test cases by about 50% in detecting the first program error, and the quality of the test cases is almost the same as the random testing. The proposed test case measurement mechanism can effectively distinguish test cases in object-oriented software. The RRT-based test prototype system can also automatically generate test cases and automatically test the software, which greatly improves the efficiency of object-oriented software testing.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 67-75 [Abstract] ( 175 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1612KB] ( 769 )

	76	Effect of single／double screw feeder on contact force of particles
		SHI Yun-Fei, ZHANG Xi-Liang, XU Yun-Feng, LU Cheng-Xuan, SHI Yu-Kun
		To study the movement characteristics and variation law of particles in the discontinuous feeding process of screw feeder, the effect of single/double screw feeder on the contact force of particles was studied. The millet with 1.5 mm diameter was taken as research object, and the contact force among particles and the contact force between particles and trough were analyzed based on Hertz-Mindlin particle non-sliding contact model. The screw feeding model with feeding device was established. EDEM discrete element software was adopted to simulate the discontinuous feeding process of millet particles by intermittent rotation 60°. The normal and tangential pressure distributions between particles and particle groups on the inner wall of screw feeding tube were calculated. The contact force distribution characteristics of particle groups in single/double screw feeding at 240 r?min-1 speed were compared. The results show that the particles are compact but easy to roll in the single-flight screw feeder. The stability of screw discontinuous quantitative feeding is better in the double-flight feeder. The particles are not easy to roll at the inner wall, and the axial movement of particles occurs easily with the shaft.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 76-81 [Abstract] ( 230 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2408KB] ( 720 )

	82	Preparation of Fe3O4@SiO2@SDS and its application in trace determination of fluoroquinolone compounds
		LIANG Guo-Xi, HE Yu-Sheng, WANG Li
		Based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the mixed hemi/ad-micelles-magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4@SiO2@SDS was prepared to extract the trace quantities of some fluoroquinolones (FQs). The effects of Fe3O4@SiO2, SDS, pH and HAc on the extraction effect were investigated. The results show that under the optimum conditions with pH value of 4, Fe3O4@SiO2 amount of 30 mg and SDS amount of 100 mg, six FQ drugs of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin, gatifloxacin and sparfloxacin can be absorbed rapidly from 100 mL water, and the adsorption efficiencies are 87%, 82%, 80%, 97%, 85% and 84%, respectively. The enrichment multiple reaches 40 to 77, and the detection limit is 0.1 ng?mL-1. The trace analysis is achieved and successfully applied to actual water sample analysis with recovery rate of 87% to 120% by HPLC. The SDS-coated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic micelle hybrid solid phase extraction is an effective sample for pre-treatment technology with efficient, simple and green advantages.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 82-86 [Abstract] ( 564 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1735KB] ( 574 )

	87	Effect of road roughness coherent function on vehicle-bridge coupling random vibration
		GUI Shui-Rong, FANG Yu, CHEN Shui-Sheng
		To investigate the effect of road roughness coherent function on the response of vehicle-bridge coupling system, the vehicle-bridge coupling model with multi-point coherent stimulus was proposed by pseudo excitation method (PEM). Considering the coherence of road irregularity stimulus, the 3D coherent excitation random vibration model was proposed for vehicle-bridge systems to discuss the effects of vibration response and spectrum characteristic of vehicle-bridge coupling system caused by Naryanan function, Dieter function and Zhang function. The bridge was modeled as beam-shell solid elements, and the vehicle with three axles was simplified as 3D nine-degree of freedom model. The results show that the coherent functions have obvious effects on displacement root-mean-square and acceleration mean square deviation. The coherent function has obvious effect on energy with slight effect on the frequency between road roughness spectrum and vehicle-bridge coupling resonance system. The effects of road roughness coherent function should be considered for the vehicle responses based on vehicle-bridge coupling random vibration, while it can be ignored for the bridge responses.
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		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 87-93 [Abstract] ( 170 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2221KB] ( 731 )

	94	Optimization of cable forces for long-span cable-stayed bridges
		WANG Jun-Hai, LIU Lai-Jun, REN Xiang
		To determine the cable forces of long-span cable-stayed bridges in the final state, a new mathematical model of cable force optimization was established with consideration of stress and deformation of bridges. The standard imperialist competitive algorithm was improved based on computational accuracy and convergence speed. A new cable force optimization technique was presented by the proposed modified imperialist competitive algorithm, penalty function technique and finite element method. A real bridge was used to conduct the cable force optimization by the cable force optimization technique. The results show that the proposed methodology has well global searching ability and can well solve the cable force optimization for long-span cable-stayed bridges . The proposed methodology can produce more reasonable stress state with good structural configuration when various nonlinear effects are considered fully in the methodology.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 94-101 [Abstract] ( 192 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4049KB] ( 639 )

	102	Optimization design and mechanism analysis of bridge concrete in high cold region based on salt-freezing
		GUO Yin-Chuan, CHEN Zhi-Hui, SHEN Ai-Qin, LI Peng
		To explore the feasible measures for improving the durability of concrete bridges in cold area, the orthogonal test was designed to investigate the damage law of water binder ratio, water content and air entraining agent on the bridge main tower concrete C50, bridge deck concrete C40 and platform concrete C30, and the range of parameters with salt frost resistance of concrete bridge was proposed based on the alpine region. The microscopic mechanism was analyzed by scanning electron microscope and mercury injection test. The results show that the most significant factors affecting the frost resistance of concrete are the dosage of air entraining agent and water consumption. When the water consumption is reduced from 156 kg?m-3 to 144 kg?m-3, the C40 bridge deck concrete erosion amount is decreased by 13.0%. After freeze-thaw cycles for 300 times, the loss rate of flexural tensile strength is only 20%. Controlling the gas content of 4.5% to 5.0% in most specimens, after 300 freeze-thaw cycles of dynamic, the relative elastic modulus of main tower concrete C50 is always above 87%, and the internal microcrack of concrete is low with high transition zone density, optimum pore distribution and increased macro frost resistance.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 102-107 [Abstract] ( 177 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2439KB] ( 757 )

	108	null
		LIU Yong, GU Xing-Yu, LI Zhi-Gang, WU Bao-Jun
		null
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		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 108-113 [Abstract] ( 208 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1923KB] ( 1118 )

	114	Dynamic viscoelastic property of recycled modified asphalt mixture
		WANG Jie, ZENG Wei, ZHANG Yan-Ge, QIN Yong-Chun, HUANG Song-Chang
		To investigate the dynamic viscoelastic property of recycled modified asphalt mixture, the asphalt mixture performance test (AMPT) was carried out. The effects of test temperature and loading frequency on dynamic modulus and phase angle of recycled asphalt mixture were analyzed, and the effects of RAP-SBS contents, rejuvenating agent and aging condition were also analyzed to establish master curves of dynamic modulus. The results show that with the increasing of temperature, the dynamic modulus of recycled mixtures tends to be consistent under different loading frequencies, while the phase angle is different. When the RAP-SBS content is more than 70%, the phase angle peak disappears. The viscosity of recycled mixture is more significant at high temperature, and the dynamic modulus is less affected by loading frequency. The phase angle of recycled mixture is increased with the increasing of loading frequency at middle and low temperatures and is increased first with latter decreasing at high temperature. The peak and the peak loading frequency are less than these of new mixture and are decreased further with the increasing of RAP-SBS content. In the wide loading frequency range, the dynamic modulus values of recycled mixture and new mixture tend to be consistent with no effects of RAP-SBS content, rejuvenating agent and aging.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 114-119 [Abstract] ( 191 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2443KB] ( 758 )

	120	Analysis of lignin modified asphalt by infrared spectrum
		WU Wen-Juan, JIN Yong-Can, WU Jian-Tao, ZHANG Yan
		The lignin of by-product in pulping production was mixed with asphalt by high-speed shearing process to prepare lignin modified asphalt. The mixing mechanism and the aging property of asphalt mixture were analyzed based on infrared spectrum (IR). The results show that compared with base asphalt property, the high temperature property and the temperature sensitivity of modified asphalt were improved. According to IR analyses of the blending of asphalt and lignin, the isolated components from modified asphalt and from blending treated by storage stability test, no new functional groups are produced during mixing, and it is only physical mixing. Based on IR quantitative analyses of carbonyl groups and sulfoxide groups, the lignin modified asphalt shows antioxidant effect and can slow aging process.
		2019 Vol. 40 (1): 120-124 [Abstract] ( 159 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2297KB] ( 1201 )

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