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The influence of slowing breathing frequency on heart rate variability in patients with acute myocardial infarction |
Liu Jun min, Liu Ren guang, Shen Zhong yuan |
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Abstract Objective To observe the changes of heart rate variability(HRV) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI), and to analyze the influence of slowing breathing frequency on HRV of AMI patients. [WTHZ]Methods[WT]Experiment was carried out in two groups, with 31 cases in AMI group, and 34 in control group. All the enrolled patients underwent 24 hour monitoring of respiration and electrocardiogram. The breathing frequency of AMI group was regulated at 16 times/min and 8 times/min(slowing the breathing frequency) separately for 5 minutes. The influence of AMI on HRV was observed as well as the slowing of breathing frequency on HRV time domain, respiratory peak, and frequency domain analysis. The influence of respiratory peak shift on frequency domain analysis was adjusted. [WTHZ]Results[WT](i) In AMI group, SDNN and SDANN were lower than those of control group(P<0.01), and so were SDNNin and rMSSD(P<0.05), both with statistically significant differences. The proportion among AMI group with SDNN shorter than 100 ms was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01), with statistically significant difference. (ii) With the slowing of breathing frequency, SDNN increased(P>0.05), and rMSSD also increased(P<0.05); respiratory peak shifted left to LF segment(P<0.01) while routine frequency domain indices of LF and LF/HF both increased(P<0.01), and HF decreased(P<0.01). The slowing of breathing frequency resulted in the left shift of respiratory peak. After its impact on frequency domain analysis was corrected, low frequency component(LFa) decreased(P<0.05), high frequency component(HFa) increased(P<0.01), and the ratio(LFa/HFa) decreased(P<0.01). [WTHZ]Conclusion[WT]Twenty-four hour HRV time domain analysis on AMI patients indicates that AMI can reduce the function of vagus nerve. Short duration analysis of frequency and time domain on AMI patients suggests that slowing of breathing frequency causes sympathetic vagal balance toward the vagus nerve and its influence on the left shift of respiratory peak should be excluded in HRV frequency domain analysis.
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