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| Effects of nitrogen fertilizer regulation on soil nitrogen uptake and production efficiency in root zone of summer maize |
| GAI Zhaomei, LIU Jilong* |
| School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China |
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Abstract In order to study the effects of different nitrogen regulation models on summer maize productivity, and seek a reasonable and efficient management mode of nitrogen fertilizer, three fertilization levels(N1:280 kg/hm2,N2:320 kg/hm2,N3:360 kg/hm2)were set up in the black soil cultivation area of the Songnen Plain, and three fertilization ratios(F1:20%-30%-50%,F2:33%-33%-33%,F3:50%-30%-20%)were used for each treatment, with total 9 treatments. The characteristics of root system, plant nitrogen accumulation, crop yield and plant production efficiency were compared and analyzed under different treatments. At the same time, the correlation effect of plant root surface area on nitrogen accumulation was revealed by correlation analysis, and the correlation function between plant nitrogen uptake and crop harvest index was constructed. Finally, the optimal nitrogen control mode was selected. The results show that the root system of plants is affected by nitrogen regulation, the total root length of plants under N1F2 and N1F3 treatments increases by 306.4 cm and 436.1 cm, respectively, compared with N1F1, and its root surface area and root mass also show increasing in different degrees. At the same time, at the N2 and N3 fertilization levels, the three kinds of fertilization treatments show the same rule, but the N3 level is weakened compared with N2. There is a close relationship between plant root surface area and nitrogen accumulation, with the increase of nitrogen supply, the increase of root surface area has the most obvious effect on nitrogen accumulation at N2 fertilization level. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer reaches 33.89 kg/kg1 under N2F3 treatment, and the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer reaches the optimum level. In addition, there is a significant quadratic function relationship between plant nitrogen uptake, crop yield and harvest index, indicating that there is the best threshold between nitrogen supply and plant productivity. Based on the factors such as root growth, nitrogen accumulation, and production efficiency, the N2F3 regulatory mode is finally determined to be the most suitable for this region.
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Received: 02 January 2018
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