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| Characteristics and influencing factors of crop water requirements in northeastern Yunnan |
| Wan Mengdan, Wang Lu, Zhang Yan, Liu XiaoGang, Yang Qiliang, Wu Hao |
| Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China |
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Abstract Based on daily meteorological data from three typical meteorological stations(Huize,Zhaotong and Zhanyi stations)during 1955—2013,rice,spring maize and winter wheat water requirements were calculated by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation and their changing trends were analyzed; simultaneously the influence of meteorological factors on main crops water requirements were probed by partial correlation and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that at Zhaotong station, the main crops water requirements decreased in various degree with time. An decreasing tendency of rice,spring maize and winter wheat was 10.07 mm/10 a,1.44 mm/10 a and 1.06 mm/10 a,respectively. However, the main crops water requirements at other stations showed an increasing trend.Rice water requirements at Huize and Zhanyi stations were increased by 8.85 mm/10 a and 4.48 mm/10 a, respectively; spring maize water requirements were increased by 8.38 mm/10 a and 4.57 mm/10 a, respectively; winter wheat water requirements were increased by 7.39 mm/10 a and 3.10 mm/10 a, respectively.Besides, the water requirements of the same crop during different growth stages at the three stations were about the same. The order of rice water requirements at every growth stage was tillering>jointing>earing>milk>yellow maturity>turning green; for spring maize the order was jointing>grouting>seeding>booting>maturity; for winter wheat the order was milk>flowering>maturity>seeding.The influences of different meteorological factors on crop water requirements were different.Sunshine and mean wind speed were main factors, which had a significantly positive correlation with rice and spring maize water requirements. The climatic factors which affected winter wheat water requirements were different for every station.The winter wheat water requirements at Huize and Zhanyi stations had a significantly positive correlation with mean temperature and sunshine hours, while those at Zhaotong station had a significantly positive correlation with sunshine hours, but a significantly negative correlation with relative humidity.
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Received: 16 April 2015
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