Experimental study on typical faults recurrence in vertical centrifugal pump
HU Siyuan1, DONG Liang1*, ZHU Jiancheng1, CHEN Yudang2, CHENG Maosheng3
1. National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; 2. Liaoning Xingxing Pump Industry Co., Ltd., Dandong, Liaoning 118017, China; 3. Anhui Line Electric Pump Co., Ltd., Ningguo, Anhui 242300, China
摘要 为了给立式离心泵的故障诊断提供试验和理论基础,搭建立式离心泵仿真试验台,进行立式离心泵典型故障的仿真复现试验,分析了转子不平衡、转子不对中和支座连接松动等故障的振动特性及其频谱特征.结果表明:机脚处的振动位移信号对支座连接松动故障的振动特性敏感性更高,轴系的振动信号对转子故障的振动特性敏感性更高;转子不平衡故障和转子不对中故障表现出不同的频谱特征,转子不平衡故障的频谱特征表现为1倍振动主要频率(amplitude power frequency,APF)幅值增大,且随着故障程度的增加,幅值呈现了逐渐减小的趋势,转子不对中故障的频谱特征表现为产生新的振动特征频率2APF,且随着故障程度的增大,信号幅值逐渐增大;支座连接松动故障表现为频谱图中的主频变为3APF,并出现新的2APF和1/2分数谐波频率.
Abstract：In order to provide experimental and theoretical foundations for diagnosing faults in vertical centrifugal pumps, a simulated test bench for vertical centrifugal pumps was constructed, after which simulated reproduction tests of typical faults in vertical centrifugal pumps were conducted, and the vibration characteristics together with spectrum features of faults such as rotor imbalance, rotor misalignment, as well as loose support connections were analyzed. The results indicate that the vibration displacement signal at the foot of the machine is more sensitive to the vibration characteristics of loose support connections, while the vibration signal of the shaft system is more sensitive to the vibration characteristics of rotor faults. Rotor imbalance faults and rotor misalignment faults exhibit different spectrum features. The spectrum feature of rotor imbalance faults shows an increase in the amplitude of the 1× amplitude power frequency(1APF), and as the fault severity increases, the amplitude gradually decreases. The spectrum feature of rotor misalignment faults shows the generation of a new characte-ristic frequency, which is the 2× amplitude power frequency(2APF), and as the fault severity increases, the signal amplitude gradually increases. Loose support connection faults are manifested by the main frequency in the spectrum shifting to 3× amplitude power frequency(3APF), along with the appearance of new 2APF and 1/2 fractional harmonic frequencies.
