Abstract：In order to study the surge shaft hydraulic characteristics in turbine load change, taking Yang′er Hydropower Station surge shaft as research object, through the numerical method the surge shaft stability section, impedance hole size, the highest and the lowest water level are calculated; at the same time in order to prove the feasibility of numerical method, through regulation the calculation unit speed, spiral case pressure and draft tube pressure are guaranteed, and by model test the surge shaft hydraulic characteristics are further analyzed. Results show that the surge shaft stable sectional area is 688.134 m2, impedance hole diameter is 4.50 m, the highest surge water level is 2.120 m lower than the surge shaft top, the lowest surge water level is 5.541 m higher than the surge shaft bottom; spiral case maximum pressure rise is 67.85 m, the rate of rise is 29%; the unit rotating speed rise is 350.7 r/min, the rate of rise is 40%; the draft pipe minimum water pressure head is 0 m. Spiral case pressure, unit rotating speed and draft pipe pressure are in a safe and economical range. The surge shaft flow is stable, with good flow condition, no vortex, no negative pressure and the pressure difference of hole impedance is small.
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