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Etymology of the Expression “Nie Shen” in the Republic of China |
1. Department of History, Nanjing University; 2.Hunan Business College |
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Abstract Before the foundation of the Republic of China, the character “shen (gentry)” was often used together with “shi (scholar)”, and referred to a powerful social stratum that stood for a kind of political privilege and social glory. But in the Republic and after, “shen” was often associated with “nie (bad)” and “hao (despotic)”, and referred to the reactionary social stratum in opposition to the people, therefore, “nie shen” and “hao shen”became the synonyms of reactionaries. In a few decades time, “shen” changed from those of social glory to reactionaries, even the targets of revolutionaries.
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Received: 20 September 2011
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