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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2018 Vol.36 Issue.4
Published 2018-04-25
article
article
1
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 1- [Abstract] ( 23 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 40151KB] ( 315 )
2
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 2- [Abstract] ( 34 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1141KB] ( 354 )
277
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 277-282 [Abstract] ( 479 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2434KB] ( 804 )
283 Improvement and experiment of emergency injection water supply system of nuclear reactor coolant pump
LYU Yanguang, WU Jingxin*, FAN Yejiao, HU Lei
In order to provide water injection in the emergency condition, a water injection device for nuclear reactor coolant pump was designed. The structure of the water injection device was also optimized. To verify its reliability, the shaft seal water injection closing test was conducted by a full flow test rig. The temperatures at the conditions of A(emergency water injection starting up+main pumps closing down), B(no emergency water injection+main pumps closing down)and C(emergency water injection starting up+main pumps working)were tested when the injection water was disrupted. The results indicated that after a jet pump was planted, the emergency injection system started up in time on the condition of injection water disruption as main pumps were at work. The temperature of the seal components maintained at 70 ℃ and it did not rise in the test, which effectively decreased the temperature of seal components. The designed jet pump improves the reliability of the emergency water injection system and meets the requirement in the actual application.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 283-287 [Abstract] ( 566 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2258KB] ( 1022 )
288 Numerical simulation of self-excited pulsed cavitation nozzle in three-dimensional unsteady flow
ZHANG Kun,, CHEN Songying,,*
Four turbulent models of RNG k-ε、Realizable k-ε、k-ω and SST k-ω were employed to simulate the internal flow field of low-pressure self-excited pulsed cavitation jet nozzle and then verified the well-posedness of the selected models. The simulation results of three-dimensional unsteady flow field inside the nozzle show that the RNG k-ε turbulence model can simulate the pulse flow of cavitation nozzle accurately and it is easy to converge. Grid independence and time step optimization are also presented that time step can be as minor as possible. The gravity factor is taken into account to carry out the evolution process of the interior flow in one cycle by using the dynamic variables of pressure, velocity, water vapor volume fraction and temperature during the cavitation inception, energy concentration and energy release. The occurrence mechanism of the low pressure and large flux self-excited pulsed cavitation jet and the flow field evolution characteristics are also illustrated. Comparing the numerical simulation with the experimental results, it is verified that the selected turbulence model is appropriate and the evolution of the flow in the chamber is reliable. Considering the influence of gravity, the simulation results in the nozzle more coincide more with the actual situation in the engineering practice.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 288-293 [Abstract] ( 645 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1892KB] ( 1300 )
294 Optimization analysis of crank epoch angle arrangement of quintuple pump based on strength theory of crankshaft
WEI Jun, FENG Jin*, ZHANG Manlai, MA Liangfeng
In order to reduce the force produced by the hydraulic cylinder pressure, in the discharging process, acting on crankshaft to reduce its load and improve the fatigue life of crankshaft, the dimensionless method was used to analyze the evaluation factors related to strength such as crankshaft torque, bending moment and calculation stress, and put forward the optimization method of the crank epoch angle arrangement. And finally, the two optimal of 120 schemes are selected quickly and accurately, which have the best strength of crankshaft and minimize the periodic fluctuation of crankshaft torque and bending moment. Besides, the two schemes can reduce the force and vibration of crankshaft, enhance the structure strength of the dynamic end effectively and improve the reliability of the pump design. And the two schemes proposed are in good agreement with the scheme recommended by "Design of Reciprocating Pump" and adopted by the existing quintuple pump products at home and abroad, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the design method.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 294-299 [Abstract] ( 507 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1471KB] ( 951 )
300 Influence of start-up acceleration on internal flow in impeller of nuclear reactor coolant pump
ZHONG Huazhou, ZHU Rongsheng, WANG Xiuli, ZHANG Benying, LU Yonggang
In order to investigate the influence of different start-up accelerations on the internal flow of the nuclear reactor coolant pump during the start-up period, the experimental data of different transient acceleration external performances were regarded as the basis in this paper, wherein the variations of the flow rate and rotating speed with time were obtained. The obtained characteristic curves were used as boundary conditions into CFX for numerical simulation, besides, the pressure contour and the strea-mline gradient contour were analyzed during the start-up period. The results show that the start-up acceleration is directly related to the start-up time, but is independent of the time difference between the flow rate and the rotating speed reaching the steady value;the start-up acceleration has great influence on the flow stability and pressure amplitude of the impeller. In the start-up transition process, the bigger start-up acceleration corresponding to the inner flow of the impeller is very unstable, producing the vortex area with a certain intensity and area, and pressure fluctuation is large,while the smaller start-up acceleration corresponding to the internal flow of the impeller is stable, the pressure changes in uniform amplitude.The conclusion obtained in this paper is of great importance for the instability control of the nuclear reactor coolant pump in the start-up transition process.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 300-306 [Abstract] ( 527 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4280KB] ( 957 )
307 Numerical simulation of fluid-solid rotating motion of rigid elliptic cylinder
LI Tao, WANG Yuchuan, KANG Yang*, ZHAO Congcong, SONG Xiaoqian
Two-way fluid-solid interaction of the fixed-axis auto-rotation of rigid elliptic cylinder was simulated numerically using a coupled computational fluid dynamics(CFD)—rigid body dynamics(RBD)model. By solving two-dimensional unsteady incompressible N-S equations and SST k-ω turbulent governing equations, wake flow features and motion characteristics of elliptic cylinder were investigated in different axis ratios, eccentric distance ratios and Reynolds number conditions. Accor-ding to the simulated results, swing angle θ of the elliptic cylinder increases with axis ratios and Reynolds number increasing. In addition, with the eccentric distance ratios increasing, swing angle θ of the elliptic cylinder first increases and then decreases. A linear growth relationship can be observed between the swing frequency of the elliptic cylinder and Reynolds numbers, while axis ratios and eccentric distance ratios illustrate insignificant influence on the swing frequency of the elliptic cylinder. Wake evolution behind the cylinder and variations of instantaneous pressure coefficients were analyzed in order to reveal the mechanism of swing motion of eccentric elliptic cylinder. The results provided fundamental support for the utilization of ocean current energy.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 307-312 [Abstract] ( 627 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2723KB] ( 1047 )
313 Impact of first step table-board angle on hydraulic characteristics of combined dissipater
ZHANG Qin, YANG Jurui*
In order to optimize the aeration characteristics of stepped spillway under the large flow rate per unit width, based on the spillway of Ahai hydropower station, different table-board angles of first step, respectively up 5°, 10°, 15°, falling down 5°, 10°, 15° and flat surface 0°, were set on the Y-shaped flaring gate piers combined with stepped spillway and stilling basin by the physical model at the ratio of 1/60, to find that the optimal level of table size can improve the aerosol characteristics by the cavity length, the power flow at the stilling basin bottom, time-averaged pressure on stilling bottom, temporary bottom velocity, energy dissipation ratios and other aspects. The results showed that the length of the aeration cavity increases with the increase of the first stage table angle; the cavity negative pressure decreases with the increase of the first stage table angle, and with the increase of the first stage table angle, the maximum cavity negative pressure transfers from the second step facade to the first step facade; the energy consumption rate increases slightly with the increase of the first stage table angle and the energy dissipation effect when the first step is up is better than that when the first step is falling down or at the level. The first step on the surface pick 15° is the interim step joining type of the best aerosols.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 313-319 [Abstract] ( 573 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1680KB] ( 748 )
320 Optimizing the closure law of wicket gates in hydraulic turbine based on simulated annealing
ZHOU Tianchi, ZHANG Jian*, YU Xiaodong, CHU Shanpeng
A new optimization model was set up to solve the contradictions between water hammer pressure and turbine speed during the transient process in hydropower stations. The model can be applied to the multi-condition optimization and the parameters in it can be adjusted easily. Based on the cha-racteristic method, simulated annealing algorithm was applied to the optimization of the wicket gate closure law. In a practical case, two controlling conditions were selected in maximum volute pressure and maximum turbine speed and numerical caculation, and results of different closure laws were compared and analyzed. Then the two-segment closure law was optimized using simulated annealing algorithm. The maximum volute pressure, maximum turbine speed and minimum draft tube pressure met the design requirements and the safety margins was allocated reasonably. The results show that simulated annealing algorithm can quickly and stably optimize the wicket gate closure law, which provides a new method for closure law selection in similar hydropower stations.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 320-326 [Abstract] ( 528 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1571KB] ( 721 )
327 Statistical analysis of pressure characteristics of underwater self-excited pulse jet
GAO Chuanchang, HU Yiwei*, LI Huan, MA Wenliang
In order to obtaine the optimal ratio of the nozzle structure parameters of the underwater self-excited suction pulsed jet, taking the self-developed self-excited suction jet nozzle as study object, based on the theory of the mathematical statistics, the mean square error, pulsating pressure peak and time-averaged pressure from the pulsating pressure test data of underwater self-excited suction pulsed jet with the change of nozzle area ratio, cavity ratio and cavity length ratio were analyzed. The optimal ratio of the nozzle structure parameters of the underwater self-excited suction pulsed jet was obtained. When the confining pressure is less than 0.4 MPa, the upper and lower nozzle area ratio range is 1.96-4.84, the optimal range is 1.96-4.00. When the confining pressure is less than or equal to 0.2 MPa, the cavity length is 2.8-4.4, the optimal value is 3.4, the cavity length ratio is 1.50-1.65 or 2.20-2.30, and the optimal range should be 1.50-1.65.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 327-333 [Abstract] ( 781 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1910KB] ( 632 )
334 Solid-phase flushing features numerical simulation of three-dimensional multiphase flow in eddy current device
MA Guangfei,,*, WU Yanming,, FANG Yong,, LI Chao,, ZHENG Yu,, ZHANG Lei,
In order to study the solid-phase flushing characteristics in an eddy current facility, a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to simulate its internal flow characteristics. RNG k-ε turbulence model and VOF gas-liquid two-phase flow and DPM discrete phase particle tracking model were used to simulate the three-dimensional flow field of vortex device in Rosin-Rammler particle distribution, and analyze the particle motion, particle size distribution, the influence of fluid flow on particle movement and the closure ratio of vortex device. The results show that the eddy current device, makes its inside and the extended pipeline inside generate the high-speed swirl, and the swirl in the downstream pipeline extends a long distance and reduces the particle content, which is conducive to the rapid flow of particles. The particle movement has strong dependence on fluid flow field. Eddy current device has good closure characteristics and closure flow after stablility is more than 35%(but its structure design has to ensure that the outlet section area is greater than or equal to the inlet section area, this is mainly to prevent clogging), which can be used for the combined sewer pipeline system and sewage interception.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 334-339 [Abstract] ( 622 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3372KB] ( 836 )
340 Experimental study on comprehensive working performance of Venturi injector
WANG Haitao, CHEN Yanyu, WANG Jiandong*, YANG Bin, MO Yan
In order to obtain some suggestions for optimal structure design of Venturi injector, some comprehensive indicators of working performance for Venturi injector were evaluated. Based on diffe-rent inlet pressure and pressure differences between inlet and outlet conditions, six DN 20 Venturi injectors of different materials were systematically studied for pressure loss, efficiency in absorbing fertili-zer, cavitation-vibration and so on. The results showed that critical pressure difference has an ob-viously positive correlation with inlet pressure. With the same inlet pressure, the maximum rate of flow in absorbing fertilizer for homemade Venturi injector is less than that for the foreign same product universally, and the cavitation and vibration of homemade Venturi injector are sensitive to the variation of pressure. For the same mold size, the material with low mold shrinkage performance has smaller manufacturing error, and its suction performance is better. UPVC could be recommended as one of the pro-per raw materials for the manufacture of Venturi injector. In addition, each Venturi injector has the theoretic upper limit of the suction amount corresponding with its internal structure parameters. The cavitation was strengthened with pressure difference increasing, which was one of the important reasons for the not further improving of the efficiency in absorbing fertilizer.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 340-346 [Abstract] ( 613 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2716KB] ( 716 )
347 Experimental study on salt controlling effect in drainage system in saline-alkali land with drip irrigation under mulch
A ERNAGULI·Aimaiti,, LIU Hongguang,*, HE Xinlin,, LI Mingsi,, GONG Ping,
In order to control the soil salinization,a series of tests were carried out on a piece of saline-alkali land in Xiayedi irrigation district of Manasi in Xinjiang, where the subsurface drainage was arranged based on the existing rows and farm ditchs. The salt controlling effect in the drainage system combined with the subsurface drainage and the ditch drainage in the saline-alkali land with drip irrigation under mulch was studied experimentally. Set the sampling points at 8 m,16 m,and 24 m from the ditch drainage and the subsurface drainage respectively. The underground water table and soil salinity at depths of 0-200 cm were observed, during the different seasons of 2012-2014. The results show that both the subsurface drainage and the ditch drainage can control the underground water table. ranging from 1.6m to 2.2 m in the ditch draining area and ranging from 1.5m to 2.2m in the subsurface drainage area. Compared with the year 2012, soil total salt at each sampling point at depths of 0-200 cm in the subsurface drainage area decreased by 42.99%,36.84% and 24.41% in 2014. At the root layer, soil total salt at each sampling point decreased by 50.34%,40.70% and 30.76%.For the ditch drainage, soil total salt at each sampling point at depths of 0-200 cm decreased by 46.85%,38.12% and 30.80%. At the root layer, soil total salt at each sampling point decreased by 54.88%,43.39% and 33.21%. This study provides a reference for saline-alkali land management in arid and semi-arid areas.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 347-353 [Abstract] ( 719 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1791KB] ( 775 )
354 Effect of initial soil moisture content on infiltration characteristics of water-repellent clay loam
LIU Chang,, CHEN Junying,*, ZHANG Lin, CAI Yaohui,, REN Guangdong
To explore the effect of the initial moisture content on water-repellent soil infiltration process, the wetting front movement distance, horizontal-vertical ratio, cumulative infiltration volume, infiltration rate and soil water content change with different initial moisture contents were stu-died by a drip irrigation experiment in two-dimensional soil box with 6 initial moisture content levels(4.78%,7.28%,9.97%,13.64%,16.07%,19.02%), and the applicability of the infiltration models were evaluated. The Results show that with the increase of initial moisture content, the time that wetting front moving the same depth required was gradually decreased, and there was a better po-wer function relationship between movement distance and time, and the horizontal-vertical ratio of wetting front decreased gradually. The cumulative infiltration volume decreased first,then increased, and the overall trend of infiltration rate was gradually decreasing, and the water-repellent soil samples′ infiltration rate were increasing briefly. The infiltration law of water-repellent clay loam can be better reflected by Kostiakov model. The higher the soil water repellency, the lower the model′s fitting precision. Soil moisture was concentrated on the middle area in the vertical direction, where appeared an excessive saturation phenomenon with the increase of water repellency.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 354-361 [Abstract] ( 573 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8043KB] ( 593 )
362 Optimization of fuzzy matter element model based on entropy for summer maize in furrow irrigation
WANG Shunsheng, XUE Hongli*
In order to explore the influence of different irrigation treatments on main characters and water use efficiency of summer maize, two kinds of planting pattern(conventional furrow irrigation, CFI; wide-ridge and furrow irrigation, WFI)were compared under different water treatments, and the three irrigation levels(The soil water control limits were respectively set at 60%, 70% and 80% of field water capacity)were as followed. Using the fuzzy matter element model method based on entropy weight and CRITIC, the summer maize morphological indexes of different water treatment plant CFI and WFI planted(plant height, leaf area), yield traits(ear length, ear diameter, 100 seed weight and yield)and water use efficiency(production efficiency of water use efficiency, irrigation)were analyzed. The result shows that the WFI planting mode of summer maize is better than the CFI planting mode under the same water treatment condition. For areas with relatively abundant water resources, the WFI-70%θ irrigation scheme is recommended and the WFI-60%θ irrigation scheme is recommended for areas where water resources are relatively scarce. The fuzzy matter element model method based on entropy weight and CRITIC is of a certain application value to the main characters of summer maize in furrow irrigation and water use efficiency. This study provides a scientific basis for reasonable irrigation and furrow irrigation in summer maize.
2018 Vol. 36 (4): 362-368 [Abstract] ( 558 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1352KB] ( 643 )
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