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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2016 Vol.34 Issue.12
Published 2016-12-25
1022 Numerical analysis and experiment of jet-pump in conditions of complete characteristic
OU Mingxiong,, JIA Weidong,, QIU Baijing, GUAN Xianpin
To investigate the performance and inner flow pattern of jet-pump in conditions of complete characteristic, this paper presents an experimental and numerical research on jet-pump. The results reveal that the outlet static pressure of numerical model has a nearly negative linear relationship with the flow ratio, the numerical simulation method based on Realizable k-ε turbulent model predicted the non-dimensional performance precisely compared with the experimental data, and the pressure ratio also has a nearly negative liner relationship with the flow ratio. Under the positive pressure ratio and flow ratio status, the relative errors between numerical model and experiment increase with the growth of flow ratio, the maximum of error is about 0.26; under the positive pressure ratio and negative flow ratio status, the relatively errors are small and stable, the minimum of error is about 0.02. Around the best efficiency work condition, the velocity vector distributions of suction chamber are relatively uniform, the local vortex appears in suction chamber obviously while the flow ratio decreased. The numerical results reveal that the axial velocity uniformities of the throat chamber inlet section are obviously higher than those of other sections afterwards, the axial velocity uniformities of the middle section and afterwards in throat chamber are relatively even, and the momentum exchange process is almost complete before the middle section in the throat chamber.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1022-1027 [Abstract] ( 629 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2218KB] ( 925 )
1028 Influence of outlet edge position of diffuser vane on performance of deep-well centrifugal pump
ZHOU Ling, YANG Yang, SHI Weidong, LU Weigang, YE Daoxing
In order to study the effect of the outlet edge position of the diffuser vane on the performance of deep-well centrifugal pump, by the numerical simulation and performance test, the 100QJ30 type deep-well centrifugal pump was taken as the experimental object. Under the condition that the main geometrical parameters of the diffuser vanes were not changed, three different diffusers were determined by adjusting the axial position of the blade outlet edge. And the axial distance between the blade exit edge and the guide vane field exit was 6, 3 and 1 mm. The numerical simulation of three schemes was carried out respectively by Ansys CFX software, and the computational domain was established based on the two-stage pump model, and multi-condition numerical simulation was carried out by the stan-dard k-ε turbulence model and standard wall function. The performance of the three schemes was predicted respectively, and the prediction results were compared and analyzed. The results show that the extension of the diffuser exit side can suppress the evolution and growth of the vortex core due to the flow separation and eliminate the vortex in the guide vane flow channel, and improve the flow field distribution of the liquid at the inlet of the secondary impeller. Compared to the first two schemes, the guide vane structure of the third scheme has greatly improved the rectifying capacity of the guide vane.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1028-1034 [Abstract] ( 807 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2765KB] ( 853 )
1035 Modal analysis of a high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft and crank-shaft
CHANG Hao, LIU Jianrui, WU Yongsheng, GAO Zhenjun, TANG Fujun
To study the vibration characteristics of the high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft and crank-shaft, based on ANSYS finite element analysis software. The high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft and crank-shaft modal characteristics were studied, the shaft and crank-shaft front 5-order vibration mode and natural frequency diagram of the high flow self-priming centrifugal pump were analyzed, and its natural frequency corresponding to the critical speed was studied. It is found that a high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft in the support spacing and forms mainly reflects the twisted vibration, and the fourth-order torsional deformation occurs two times, showing the symmetrical distribution change. At the same time, the design speed of the high flow of self-priming centrifugal pump shaft is 2 200 r/min, while the minimum critical speed of the high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft is 2 848.07 r/min, far higher than the actual speed of 2 200.00 r/min, thereby avoiding the possibility of resonance.The results show that the reasonable structure design can effectively avoid the high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft and crank-shaft resonance. Vibration mode diagrams and animation obtained by modal analysis, clearly show the dynamic characteristics of the high flow self-priming centrifugal pump shaft and crank-shaft, which provides an important theoretical basis for the safe operation of the system, vibration analysis and optimization design of the structure.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1035-1039 [Abstract] ( 905 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1929KB] ( 960 )
1040 Optimization design based on orthogonal experiment and CFD on fire pump impeller
HUANG Zhihui,, ZOU Ye, WEI Changzhou, ZHAO Fei, ZHANG Hu, LIU Houlin
In order to improve the efficiency of large flowrate fire pumps, the L18(37)orthogonal table was constructed by selecting Z, β2, φ, d1, b2 as relevant factors. With three levels for each factor, 18 kinds of impeller model programs were established. Then, the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software Fluent was used to analysis their internal steady flow. By applying range analysis, the influe-nce of the geometric parameters on the fire pump performance was analyzed, deciding the impact order of these parameters on performance, and ultimately the optimal model was determined. The result shows that more blades and larger wrap angle can improve the pump efficiency significantly while the efficiency is negatively correlated with the blade inlet diameter. At the same time, the biggest factor affecting the head is the number of blades with more blades resulting in higher head. The impact of blade outlet angle on the head is very small. Experimental results show that the efficiency of the optimized pump is higher than the original model by 4.5 % at the design point, and even higher than the natio-nal standards, which meets the design requirements. The feasibility of the method is verified by the orthogonal design method.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1040-1044 [Abstract] ( 920 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1586KB] ( 959 )
1045 Effects of hub/tip ratio on hydraulic performance of axial-flow pump
SHI Lijian, TANG Fangping, XIE Rongsheng, XIE Chuanliu
To study the effects of hub/tip ratio on the hydraulic performance of axial-flow impeller, 4 impellers with different hub/tip ratios were optimally designed and the specific speed of these impellers is 743. The optimization design of axial-flow impeller used multidisciplinary optimization software iSIGHT, and Sequential Quadratic Programming(SQP), a gradient optimization algorithm, and meanwhile ensured a constant design flow and head, and changed cascades dense degree of each airfoil section and size of airfoil placed corner to achieve optimal efficiency. Numerical simulation Software CFX was used for multidisciplinary analysis, N-S equation based on Reynolds-averaged and the standard k-ε model were used in the optimization process to predict head, efficiency and cavitation margin va-lue required of impellers. Performance curves of impellers with different hub/tip ratios were calculated by numerical simulation, and then the effects of hub/tip ratio on the hydraulic performance of axial-flow impellers with the same specific speed were analyzed. The results show that the larger the hub/tip ratio, the higher the efficiency of impellers, and the worse the cavitation performance, but the effects on cavitation performance are more significant, the biggest difference of NPSHR is 0.9 m, in contrast, the hub/tip ratio has less effects on efficiency, the highest difference between efficiency is only around 0.3%. The larger the hub/tip ratio, the larger the slope of head performance curve; the higher the maximum head, the larger the range of head of saddle area, at the same time, with the increasing of hub/tip ratio, the range of efficient area will become narrower, and distribute to the side of a small flow.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1045-1050 [Abstract] ( 820 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1790KB] ( 1187 )
1051 Environmental measurement scheme of underground powerhouse in large pumped storage power station
XUE Xiaobing, SONG Jinhong, JIANG Kun, DI Hongwei, LU Ting, ZHOU Yang, WANG Pei, XU Chang, ZHENG Yuan
In order to evaluate the temperature and humidity control effects in the underground powerhouses for a huge pumped storage power station, increase the design levels of operation environmental comfort and effects on the electromechanical equipment safety. These were analysed for the structure characters of the underground main powerhouse, generatrix cavern, main transformer cavern and air exhaust channel from Yixing pumped storage power station. Due to the performance parameters analysis requirements for the ventilation, inner air circulation and the temperature and humidity controls for the underground main powerhouses and main caverns, suitable measurement instruments were respectively chosen for the temperature, humidity and noise parameters, the measurement schemes were also designed respectively. After preliminary measurement and analysis, it is obtained that the measurement instruments chosen in the project are moderate price, high precision and convenient to use, meanwhile, measurement system and schemes could be satisfied with the temperature and humidity evaluation. Measurement instruments and schemes should be combined with powerhouse structure and air condition system requirements, and this paper can provide references for similar power station ventilation and air conditioning system measurement and performance analysis.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1051-1057 [Abstract] ( 848 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1450KB] ( 1101 )
1058 Numerical simulation of dry gas seal performance with sawtooth spiral grooves
SONG Pengyun, DENG Chengxiang
In order to research the performance characteristic of the sawtooth spiral groove dry gas seal, whose performance has been analyzed by the numerical simulation of the gas film flowing by Fluent, the ratio of the opening force to the leakage has been taken as a performance parameter to evaluate the seal performance influenced by the featured angles β1 and β2 of the sawtooth spiral groove. The results show that the ratio of the opening force to the leakage of the sawtooth spiral groove dry gas seal is mainly influenced by the featured angle β1. The sawtooth spiral groove with the featured angles β1=8° and β2=30° and the common spiral groove dry gas seal have been selected as the examples, whose gas film pressure distribution, the opening force, the leakage, the ratio of the opening force to the leakage and stiffness have been calculated respectively. The results show that the sawtooth spiral groove dry gas seal has less leakage and less opening force, and the ratio of the opening force to the leakage is larger, and higher gas film stiffness when the gas film thickness is barger.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1058-1064 [Abstract] ( 789 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1974KB] ( 1075 )
1065 Simulating cavitation erosion of cylinder liner caused by wall vibration
DU Huiyong, LI Pengtao, LI Min, LIU Jianxin, WANG Zhancheng, XU Bin
To study the cylinder wall vibration cased by the knocking piston to cylinder liner cavitation which is near the cooling water flow field by wall vibration, using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method, based on Eulerian multiphase cavitation models provided by AVL-Fire computational fluid software, combined with the dynamic mesh technology to build multiphase cavitation models in the flow field region near the wall, the cylinder wall vibration characteristics of the cavitation erosion of cylinder liner are analyzed, coupled with the flow field characteristics, getting cavitation characteristics of flow field under the condition of cylinder wall vibration attenuation. From the cavitation field picture, we can come to the conclusion that the cylinder wall surface vibration is the decisive factor of the cylinder liner cavitation. The cavitation bubbles caused by the vibration effected to wall will be aggregated on the narrow gap arc wall and collapsed, causing more serious cavitation near here. The simulation results are in agreement with the experimental results of the cylinder linering.Compared with cavitation erosion characteristics at different inlet velocity under the cyclinder wall vibration, the flow field produces cavitation area easily at the large flow velocity.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1065-1069 [Abstract] ( 763 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2384KB] ( 1047 )
1070 Experiment on substrate cultivation of cherry tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse with drip irrigation
FEI Liangjun, WANG Aike, WANG Longfei, YIN Changqing, WANG Jinhui
In order to provide a reference for the development of the substrate cultivation and irrigation system in sunlight greenhouse, the experiment with drip irrigation on cherry tomatoes as the experimental object was carried out, with total of 5 irrigation treatments, each repeated 3 times. Experiment determined cherry tomato plant height, yield, irrigation water use efficiency and water consumption. The results show that the plant height, water consumption and water consumption intensity in the whole growth period increased with the increase of irrigation. T1 yield was the lowest, T3 yield was the hi-ghest, and water use efficiency was maximized. Yield, irrigation water use efficiency and water use efficiency were characterized by the changing law of “small at both ends and big in the middle”.It came to the conclusion that the optimum water supply in the whole growth period of the winter and spring crop of cherry tomatoes is 305.66 mm, and that the relationship between the yield and water consumption can serve as cherry tomato water production function at the whole growth stages.This study analyzed the relationship between cherry tomatoes of the substrate cultivation in sunlight greenhouse and water consumption, which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable guidance of crop irrigation in greenhouse.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1070-1076 [Abstract] ( 802 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1384KB] ( 944 )
1077 Effect of water and nitrogen regulation on the growth of Jatropha curcas L. under different concentrations of lead stress
WANG Weihua, WANG Qijian,, LEI Longhai,, YANG Qiliang, WU Zhenzhong, ZHANG Zhipeng
An interaction experiment was conducted to study the effect of water and nitrogen control on seedling growth and water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas under lead stress. 2 irrigation levels(i.e., W1:50%FC and W2:75%FC), 3 nitrogen application levels(i.e., N0:0, N1:300 mg and N2:600 mg), and 5 Pb pollution levels(i.e., Pb1:0, Pb2:500 mg, Pb3: 1 000 mg, Pb4:1 500 mg and Pb5:2 000 mg)were included. The results showed that lead stress was the dominant factor when the soil lead concentration reached Pb4, significantly inhibiting the growth and development of Jatropha curcas, regardless of whether the volume of irrigation and nitrogen application varied or not. High nitrogen promoted plant growth and increased water use efficiency, while it reduced the lead content of the soil and extenuated the restraint of effective lead on Jatropha curcas. Moderate water stress inhibited the growth of Jatropha curcas, resulting in a decrease in biomass and water use efficiency. The averaged water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas was 54.8%, 46.2%, 38.4%, 27.4% and 9.8% higher for W2N2 treatment, respectively, than for W1N0, W1N1, W1N2, W2N0 and W2N1 treatments. The results indicated that W2N2 treatment could improve the biomass and water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas and phytoremediation efficiency, when soil lead level was not more than Pb4.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1077-1085 [Abstract] ( 835 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1586KB] ( 732 )
1086 Effects of different irrigation treatments on drip irrigation jujube′s yield, quality and water use efficiency
HU Jiashuai, WANG Zhenhua, ZHENG Xurong
In order to obtain the suitable drip irrigation system of red jujube in Southern Xinjiang, ta-king the desert area Jun jujube in Xinjiang First Division as the testing material and taking the two factors: irrigation amount(W1:900 mm, W2:1 050 mm, W3:1 200 mm)and irrigation frequency(F1:10 times, F2:14 times, F3:18 times)into consideration,there are 9 drip irrigation treatments and a flood irrigation treatment were used for field testing. The results show that the irrigation amount and irrigation frequency have a certain influence on the yield, quality, water use efficiency, soil moisture distribution and soil water storage capacity of desert area red jujube.The irrigation amount mainly affects the soil water storage below soil depth of 100 cm, while the irrigation frequency mainly affects the soil water storage above soil depth of 100 cm. The increase of soil water storage capacity is accompanied with the increase of irrigation amount and irrigation frequency. The water consumption, yield and water use efficiency of red jujube are regularly changed due to the effect of irrigation amount and irrigation frequency.The yield and water use efficiency treated by the irrigation amount of 1 050 mm were significantly higher than those by other treatments.Similar to the yield and quality, drip irrigation saves 30% irrigation amount compared with flood irrigation, which effectively improves 43% water use efficiency.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1086-1092 [Abstract] ( 911 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1473KB] ( 1003 )
1093 Influence of structural parameters of improved bidirectional flow channel on hydraulic performance in drip irrigation
WANG Xinduan, BAI Dan, GUO Lin, HE Jing
The size of the existing bidirectional flow channel was so large that it was difficult to produce in current drip irrigation production facility. In order to solve this problem, the structure of flow channel was redesigned by means of changing the placing ways of dividing water and the blocking water objects and reducing the size of structure parameters. To the new flow channel, 16 hydraulic tests were carried out with the orthogonal design method to research the effects of 4 key structure parameters on hydraulic performance. The results obtained from range analysis and variance analysis show that the width of flow path is the most important factor affecting the flow index, and the flow coefficient is seriously influenced by the distance between dividing water object and flow channel boundary. Then two models about flow index and flow coefficient to 4 key structure parameters are established according to the multiple linear regression method. It has been verified that the two models are able to express the relationship between the 4 key structure parameters and the hydrodynamic behaviors. These conclusions can offer guidance for the structural optimization of bidirectional flow channel and making the hydraulic performance of the new channel better.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1093-1098 [Abstract] ( 878 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1445KB] ( 834 )
1099 Experimental research and prediction of screw dosing based on least squares support vector machine
CUI Shoujuan, ZHANG Xiliang, XU Yunfeng, SU Qiang, SUN Xiang, ZHANG Yu
The feeding precision of screw feeder is determined by various factors, such as the rotational speed, filling rate and so on. It is usually difficult to calculate the accurate feeding quantity through a precise mathematical model. In this paper, we predicted the feeding quantity through machine learning based on three factors. The most important factor was the rotational angle, the other two factors were rotational speed and filling rate. The least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM)was used to learn the nonlinear relationship between the feeding quantity and these factors. To achieve the best performance, the parameters of LS-SVM were tuned through the cross-validation. A real feeding experiment was carried out to verify our method. The experimental results demonstrate that the prediction values of LS-SVM are consistent with the real values. Moreover, the precision of our LS-SVM is better than the estimation from theoretical calculation and BPNN. The prediction error of our method is only ±0.02 if the filling rate is close to 1. In summary, our method has high precision and can be applied to the control of screw feeder.
2016 Vol. 34 (12): 1099-1104 [Abstract] ( 962 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1516KB] ( 934 )
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