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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2010 Vol.28 Issue.1
Published 2010-01-30

article
Article
1 Design optimization for suction structure of multi-stage vertical barrel pump
Zhuang Baotang, Luo Xianwu, Yu Weiping, Zhu Lei, Li Yingnan, Xu Hongyuan
The cavitation performance and cavitating flow field for a multi-stage vertical barrel pump was investigated by experiment and numerical calculation. The effects for several geometrical parameters of impellers on cavitation were analyzed so as to improve the cavitation performance of the pump. Through the present study, the following conclusions can be drawn: by applying a first stage impeller with double suction and large passage section area at impeller inlet, and an inducer at each suction side of the impeller, the cavitation performance was improved considerably. The cavitation specific speed for the pump was 1 479; the cavitation model based on the homogeneous mixture assumption reasonably predicted the average cavitation performance for the pump. The simulated cavitating flow field is helpful for understanding the effect of the hydraulic design factors on cavitation development inside the pump; choosing large blade inlet angles for the inducer and the first stage impeller was beneficial for improving the cavitation performance as well as making full use of the inducer.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 2707 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 419KB] ( 1424 )
7 Numerical simulation on cavitating flow within jet pump
Long Xinping, Cheng Qian, Han Ning, Cai Biaohua, Wang Fengjing
Based on Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation(Urans), the unsteady vapor-liquid two-phase cavitating flow at different cavitation stages within a jet pump of area ratio of 8.16 was calculated. The cavitation process including inception cavitation, developing cavitation and intensive cavitations were all well simulated. Phenomena including the bubble incepting from the jet boundary layer and wobbling downstream with the main flow, bubble spliting, bubble converging, bubble inflating and bubble disappearing were captured. These simulation results are consistent with the experimental observations. The incipient cavitation number is also basically consistent with the experimental data. The simulated distribution of the volume fraction of vapor phase under different outlet pressure and the variation of the cavitation flow ratio indicate that the intensity of cavitation is varied with the outlet pressure of the jet pump when driving pressure and suction pressure are fixed. As outlet pressure decreases, the cavitation flow rate ratio decreases and approaches the real flow rate ratio. Hence, the cavitation is more intensive.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 7-11 [Abstract] ( 2380 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 507KB] ( 1343 )
12 Design on variable-pitch inducer based on numerical simulation for cavitation flow
Kong Fanyu, Zhang Hongli, Zhang Xufeng, Wang Zhiqiang
To study the relationship between the variable-pitch coefficient and the inducer performance, based on the hydraulic calculation method of the inducer, the formula of variable-pitch inducer were programmed by Visual Basic 6.0 software to provide three groups of parameters with different variable-pitch coefficient. The flow field of three variable-pitch inducer models was numerically simulated by cavitation flow model and mixing two-phase flow model by Fluent software. The distribution of pressure and the cavitation volume fraction at suction surface were taken out. The main characteristics of the interior flow field were described by comparing with three groups of data, the relation between variation regularity of inducer pitch and the inducer performance was given. The anti-cavitation performance was worse with the variable-pitch coefficient increasing, the static pressure decreased with the axial length of inducer increasing. The performance of mode 1 was greater, the results of test showed that the pump unit with the model 1 variable-pitch inducer can improve the anti-cavitation performance.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 12-17 [Abstract] ( 2222 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 476KB] ( 1808 )
18 Rapid development of centrifugal pump impeller with splitting vanes based on RE /CFD
Ren Naifei, Jiang Jie, Gu Jiafang, Xu Meiling, Luo Yan
The structure of centrifugal pump impellers with splitting vanes is complex and the traditional hydraulic design is depend on experience, so their development needs long cycle and high costs and it is difficult to adapt to fierce competition in the market. A method of rapid development impeller is introduced with combination of reverse engineering and CFD technology. The model studied is an IS80-50-200 pump. Under the ideological guidance in the reverse engineering, the date of impeller was measured by ATOS mobile optical scanners, and the three-dimensional model of impeller was reconstructed by CATIA. Then reconstruction model was evaluated by Fluent. The evaluation results show that the reconstruction of the matches meets the requirements. This design method can effectively shorten the product development cycle, reduce the cost of impeller design,so it has a strong practical value in engineering.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 18-21 [Abstract] ( 2334 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 367KB] ( 1831 )
22 Improvement design and numerical simulation of ship cooling pump
Liu Jianrui, Wang Dongmei, Su Qiqin, Xu Yonggang, Zhang Lisheng
The CB80-65-125 ship pump was optimized to match the improving progress. The Fluent software was used to simulate the flow field in the pump for the optimization. The profile of static pressure in z=0 plane and the relative velocity on both the pressure and the suction surface were simulated at design point for the impellers before and after optimized. According to the results, the impeller can be optimized by changing the inlet angle of blade and the blade shape. By comparing between the impellers before and after the optimization, it can be obtained that interior flow field and the relative velocity profile in the optimized impeller are improved. And the optimized impeller shape matches the flow characterictic. It can satisfy the request both in head and flow rate, and the high efficiency area is wide. Beside, the efficiency of the design point is raised 3.56 percentage points, the performance is optimized. It can be proved that the optimization method combined with simulation technology is feasible.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 22-24 [Abstract] ( 1574 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 327KB] ( 1617 )
25 Research on centrifugal pump with double curvature blade
Wang Yang, Jiang Qisong
The full flow numerical simulation was carried out with Fluent software to predict the pump performance. The modification efforts on IS65-40-200 centrifugal pump were proposed to analyze the method of the modification and change law of centrifugal pumps with double curvature blades. The short blade′s effect on centrifugal pump with double curvature blade was analyzed. Head is much higher as short blade added, and efficiency is almost the same. By contrasting different models′ performance with different changing proportion, the best proportion was founded. The method used to design centrifugal pumps with double curvature blades is proposed: A centrifugal pump is designed firstly with the best efficiency point at lower flow rate point and then is modified. A double curvature centrifugal pump is designed and tested, and the results validate the method. It is proved that the radial size of centrifugal pump with double curvature blade is smaller than the normal one of common design as well as the axial force.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 25-30 [Abstract] ( 2098 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 469KB] ( 1779 )
31 Analysis of numerical simulation method for flow inside micro-machined spiral-channel pump
Tang Xuelin, Li Linwei, Su Yanwen, Wang Fujun, Li Yaojun, Shi Xiaoyan
Under different conditions of slip boundary and non-slip boundary, numerical simulations for the flows inside micro-machined spiral-channel viscous pump are investigated using laminar model and various two-equation turbulence models of standard k-ε, RNG k-ε model and realizable k-ε,respectively. All the simulation results in the spiral channel show that the velocity distributions with slip boundary are more uniform than those with non-slip boundary, and both the pressure distributions are similar. For performance curves of flow rate and pressure difference, the comparisons between the calculated results and the experimental data show that, for the non-slip boundary, all the calculated results deviate considerably from the experimental and the laminar model predicts better than the turbulence ones, whereas for the slip boundary, all the models predict effectively and well, and standard k-ε and RNG k-ε model predict a bit better than laminar one, especially in high rotating speed.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 31-37 [Abstract] ( 1759 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 469KB] ( 2377 )
38 Numerical simulation of flow in centrifugal pump impeller at offdesign conditions
Zhang Wei, Yu Yunchao, Chen Hongxun
Based on ANSYS CFX 11.0, the three dimensional numerical simulations of  flow in a low specific speed pump impeller under off-design condition are performed using the RANS equations with turbulence model of standard k-ε and SST. Both two models captured the “alternative stall” phenomena as in the reference paper. The comparison of velocity profile has been taken at different diameters for this computations, PIV and LES results in reference paper. It resumes that using standard k-ε and SST can simulate the flow in a low specific speed pump impeller under off-design condition accurately, but there are some errors compared with PIV measurements and LES results of the flow field in the impeller. The models need further study.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 38-42 [Abstract] ( 3218 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 559 )
43 Optimal selection for stage number of high pressure multi-stage pump for 10 k ton-scale reverse osmosis desalination systems
Hu Jingning, Jiang Wei, Ye Xiaoyan, Liu Sanhua
The high pressure pump for seawater reverse osmosis desalination systems is an axial suction segment multi-stage pump. In order to improve the efficiency and stability of rotor system, the rotor-bearing system for different stages high pressure pump of seawater reverse osmosis desalination systems is mode analyzed using ANSYS. The rotor system critical speed are calculated, and the relationship between the stage number and the critical speed as well as the logarithmic decay rate is studied. The optimal selection for stage number is discussed under consideration of the relationship between pump efficiency and stage number. The results show that 6 stages is more reasonable for rotor system stability and efficiency. Some references on selecting reasonable parameters for this type pump design are proposed.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 43-46 [Abstract] ( 2378 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 308KB] ( 1676 )
47 Analysis and experiment on cavitation of semi-open vortex pump
Cong Xiaoqing, Zhang Xiaowei, Chen Xiangyang, Wang Guanjun, Yuan Danqing
Semi-open vortex pump has one new kind of semi-open impeller. In order to study the cavitation performance, a numerical simulation was conducted to analyze internal flow field of semi-open vortex pump. One-phase model based on Reynolds time-averaged equations and RNG k-ε turbulence model was used. The distributions of pressure and velocity on blade surface were obtained. The bottom of semi-open impeller is crucial area for cavitation. Based on summarizing the detection of cavitation, the method combined sound and flow-head way was adopted for cavitation experiment. The results show that the semi-open vortex pump performance is steady and the semi-open impeller improve the cavitation performance. Under the same conditions, semi-open vortex pump performance is better than that of closed one. This provides basis of theoretical research and design for semi-open vortex pump.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 47-50 [Abstract] ( 1631 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 309KB] ( 1625 )
51 Pressure pulsation of model test in large-size axial-flow pump
Zheng Yuan, Liu Jun, Zhou Daqing, Mao Yuanting, Liu Meiqin
In order to study the rules and characteristics of pressure fluctuation under different blade angle and head in an axial-flow pump, the method of physical model test was used to study a new pumping station in South-to-North water diversion. Three measuring points were arranged in impeller inlet, outlet and outlet conduit. By changing head of model pump, the pressure pulsation signals were collected for blade angle of ±4° and 0°. The amplitude distribution and frequency was analysed. The test results show that pressure pulsation of impeller inlet responses more strongly than that of impeller outlet. The pulsation of the three measuring points are increased with blade angle increasing, but the changes are small both in impeller inlet and outlet. In condition of small head, the frequency of blades are dominant. In the condition of large water head, the pulsation whose frequency is smaller than blades frequency is dominant and its amplitude increase with the flow decreaseing.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 51-55 [Abstract] ( 2144 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 356KB] ( 1643 )
56 Optimal operation of water-supply pumping station by chaos
Yan Bipeng, Cheng Li
Aimed at the minimal energy consumption, pump unit commitment and adjusting-speed selected as variables, and pumping flow and speed-adjusting range as constraint condition,the optimal mathematical model for mixed pumping stations was established. Used the method of chaos and Matlab, the optimization program was given.The method of penalty function and scale transformation were used in equality constraints and inequality constraints, respectively. Operation date of a pumping stations was also studied, showing that 3.67% energy could be saved comparing with its actual energy consumed in the same day. The new method is simple and easy to implement, with high accuracy and reliability,so it is an effective way for solving the optimization problem in mixed pumping station.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 56-58 [Abstract] ( 1759 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 195KB] ( 1871 )
59 Gravity-fed manifold subunit hydraulic design
Zhu Delan, Wu Pute, Li Lanbin, Zhang Chen, Wang Jian
In order to find design method of gravity-fed manifold subunit, the emitters discharge variation rate caused by hydraulic variation, emitter manufacturing variation and micro-topography variation were used as the criteria of irrigation uniformity. Then, the emitter discharge variation rate caused by hydraulic factor, the pressure head variation, and the maximum pressure head for different pressure sections were determined. By analyzing water pressure head relationship of different pressure units, the distribution coefficient of manifold pressure head variation for different pressure area was calculated, and the manifold subunit design was divided into independent processes for laterals and manifold. In the manifold design, a two-stage optimal design method was used. The size of each of the pressure sections was determined according to the pressure head distribution along the manifold. The different emitter types were chosen according to the nominal design pressure which best matches the available pressure at the entrance of each lateral. The design procedure can be applied in a spreadsheet application on a personal computer.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 59-62 [Abstract] ( 2353 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 277KB] ( 1389 )
63 Application of numerical simulation in optimizing parameters of reciprocating pump valve
Gao Xiyan, Wang Yan, Fang Wu
In order to optimize the spring of the reciprocating pump valve and establish the best spring factor matching, the unsteady opening-closing process of the poppet valve was simulated. The simulation based on computational fluid dynamics approach, and the dynamic-grid technology and User Defined Function was conducted to depict the law of motion of the poppet valve. The simulation results show that the spring stiffness and initial force have important effect on the poppet valve′s opening displacement, the delay-closing time and the closing velocity, and there must be an optimal matching between those two spring factors. With the help of performance test of reciprocating pump, the design for the spring was validated. An experiment-bed was also built to test the poppet valve′s lift displacement. The testing results prove that the simulation was in a correct way. The research method could be applied in the designing and optimizing of reciprocating pump valve.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 63-67 [Abstract] ( 2360 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 382KB] ( 1516 )
68 Experiment on electrostatic spray two-phase flow
Wang Zhentao, Luo Tiqian, Cen Qigang
In order to study the influence of droplet′s motion and turbulent pulsation featares on the heat and mass tranfer characteristics under the effect of electrostatic forces and fluid forces in electrostatic spray two-phase flow, Particle Dynamic Analyzer was adopted to measure the electrostatic spray two-phase flow. The relationship of droplets diameter distributions, velocity and turbulent pulsating intensity with voltages were gained for various gas liquids ratios. The droplets whose diameter is less than 10 μm was regarded as continuous phase, and the other droplets was considered as discrete one. The gas-droplets two-phase fluid information was obtained. The experiment data indicate that the droplets diameter reduces with voltages incresing, and the droplets velocity is according with the gas and is unchangeable under different voltages. The droplets turbulent pulsating intensity is differ from continuous phase, and the droplets have produced much more pulsating than continuous phase in electrostatic field.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 68-72 [Abstract] ( 1766 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 492KB] ( 1609 )
73 Design and strength calculation for plug in HF alkylation′s unit
Chai Liping, Cao Minhong, Jiang Wei, Liu Sanhua, Xu Wanguo
The structure of multi-layer and multi-sealed was studied in order to solve the problem of corrosion and leakage for the stopcock in the hydrofluoric acid alkylation unit. Cock and stem were casted with one-piece to reduce design steps and processing. A suitable Ni-Cu alloy material was used for flow passage components, and PTEE/F46 was used for static sealings. Strength calculation was carried out by ANSYS finite element to avoid the stress concentration at design stage. The results show that this plug reduces internal leakage and prevents the external leakage completely.It has function of fire prevention. The plug is anti-corrosion and antileakage strongly, and therefore can be used in the hydrofluoric acid alkylation unit safely and reliably.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 73-76 [Abstract] ( 3514 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 287KB] ( 1628 )
77 Research on deformation property of end face asperity of contact mechanical seals
Wei Long, Gu Boqin, Feng Fei, Feng Xiu
Taking account of the influence of friction, the deformation property of the end face asperity of contact mechanical seals was analyzed by fractal theory. The mathematical expressions of the critical elastic deformation micro-contact area, critical plastic deformation micro-contact area, elastic contact area between end- faces, elastic-plastic contact area, plastic contact area, and elastic contact area ratio, were obtained. The elaslic contact area ratio between the end faces of GY70 mechanical seal was also obtained by numerical simulation. Research results indicate that elaslic contact area ratio increases at first and then decreases with the increase of fractal dimension, decreases with the increasing of characteristic length scale, and decreases with the increasing of end-face friction factor. There exists an optimum fractal dimension for the contacting end-face of friction pair, corresponding to the maximum elaslic contact area ratio and minimum abrasion between the end faces of friction pair. The optimum fractal dimension of the soft ring end-face of GY70 mechanical seal fractal dimension is about 1.6.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 77-82 [Abstract] ( 1927 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 419KB] ( 1806 )
83 Pumping effect analysis of spiral groove on seal loop face based on head definition
Chen Huilong, Li Yanan, Zhao Binjuan, Zhai Xiao, Huang Jianping, Yuan Shouqi
Based on head concept for pumps, the formula for pumping capability of spiral groove on seal loop face was conducted by modifying the defined head formula with consideration of the face mechanical sealing characters, which shows the pumping capability is related with the static pressure distribution on the face. Numerical simulation for the inner flow of the mechanical face seal was carried out by using  Fluent software, and the results proved the correctness and applicability of the modified formula. The pumping capabilities of the spiral grooves were analyzed combining the simulation results and the modified formula, and the different simulation results of spiral grooves pumping capability on different loops were compared. It shows that the pumping capability on the rotating loop is better than that on the static one, and the former condition is also better for reducing the friction between the two loops.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 83-87 [Abstract] ( 2260 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 416KB] ( 1520 )
88 Application of electromagnetic bearings in vertical high-speed pump
Wang Qilei, Yang Fengyu, Yang Qian, Guan Hongyan, Chen Junhui
In order to eliminate the shortcomings of being easily damaged, short service life, high noise and slow rotating speed of traditional bearings, the electromagnetic bearings were used in the vertical high-speed pump. The basic structure, working principle, control system, electromagnetic force, stiffness characteristics and installation structure of the electromagnetic bearings were studied. Operating characteristics of the vertical high-speed pump after using electromagnetic bearings were also analyzed. It is showed that due to the properties of no contact, no lubrication and no friction, the application of electromagnetic bearings can effectively solve bearing failure problem of traditional bearings, prolong service life and slove sealing problem of high-speed pumps. Meanwhile, electromagnetic bearings have preferable stiffness characteristics, and the control system and loading capacity of electromagnetic bearings can fully meet the application requirements in high-speed pumps. After installing electromagnetic bearings, running stability, rotating speed and pump lift of high-speed pumps are obviously improved. But because of the increase of rotating speed, cavitation characteristics are more serious leading the leaf blades to be easily damaged, so the blade shape need to be further improved.
2010 Vol. 28 (1): 88-92 [Abstract] ( 2310 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 357KB] ( 2819 )
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