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Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin
 
2024 Vol.42 Issue.3
Published 2024-03-25
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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 1- [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 24655KB] ( 64 )
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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 2- [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1142KB] ( 75 )
217 Influence of guide vane installation angle on structural characteristics of centrifugal pump impeller
PEI Ji*,LIU Zongshuai,WANG Wenjie,HAN Zhenhua
To enchance the operation stability of a volute centrifugal pump with guide vanes, the impact of varying guide vane installation angles on both the performance and structural mechanical response of the centrifugal pump was studied. Taking a volute pump with guide vanes as the research object, first conduct numerical simulation of its flow field. Then, employing the static and transient structural analysis modules, the hydrostatic pressure load was introduced into the impeller structure to achieve one-way fluid-solid coupling analysis. This analysis aimed to explore the variation patterns in impeller deformation and equivalent stress under different installation angles of the guide vanes. Finally, the vibration characteristics of the impeller structure would be studied through modal analysis. The results show that when the installation angle of the guide vane decreases, there is a notable shift in the high-efficiency region of the pump towards lower flow rates. Moreover, it is observed that the maximum efficiency of the pump gradually increases, exhibiting a maximum improvement of 2.1%. The steady-state obtained from one-way fluid-structure interaction are consistent with the transient results. Furthermore, both the maximum deformation of the impeller and the maximum value of equivalent stress value decrease with the flow rate increases. Near the design operating point, reducing the installation angle of the guide vane results in a maximum difference of 3.3% in these values, and the change in the maximum equivalent stress is relatively small. The influence of prestress on the natural frequency of the impeller in the dry mode is negligible. The natural frequency in the wet mode has a significant decrease when compared to the dry mode.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 217-222 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4880KB] ( 84 )
223 Effect of sand mass fraction on wear of flow passage components in oil-gas multi-phase pump
SHI Guangtai,GUO Xin*,QIU Fushou,ZHANG Li
In order to study the influence of sand mass fraction on the wear of the flow passage components of the oil-gas multi-phase pump, the sand movement inside the oil-gas multi-phase pump was numerically calculated based on the DPM model, and the Finnie wear model was used to calculate the wear rate of the flow passage components of the oil-gas multi-phase pump. The results show that when the sand mass fraction is small, the sand particles and the fluid medium are mixed evenly. With the increase of sand mass fraction, the local concentration of sand particles in the pressurization unit significantly increases. The sand particles are concentrated on the pressure surface of the impeller and the middle of the diffuser channel. An increase of sand mass fraction will increase the wear area and wear rate sharply. In the impeller domain, the wear first occurs at the outlet of the pressure surface, and the suction surface undergoes punctate and strip wear at the outer edge of the inlet. In the diffuser domain, the wear of the pressure surface mainly occurs at the outer edge, and the wear of the suction surface mainly occurs at the inlet hub. From the quantitative analysis perspective, the wear rate of the impeller blade surface is generally greater than the wear rate of the diffuser blade surface, and the most serious wear position is the impeller blade inlet near the hub. The research results can provide some reference for improving the anti-wear performance of oil-gas multiphase pump and improving the actual operating life of oil-gas multi-phase pumps.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 223-229 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 29 )
230 Finite element analysis of disc spring compression of lubricating for aviation-engine oil pump assembly
WANG Yong*,ZHANG Xu,WANG Xiaolin,DONG Yun
To ensure the stable compression of the key components of the lubricating oil pump assembly, such as the port plate and the eccentric pump body, as well as the safety of the pump cover, according to the GB/T 1972—2005 standard, two single-piece disc springs to be installed on the lubricating oil pump assembly in an accurate alignment method. Considering the potential impact of thermal deformation in the temperature field, a thermal-solid coupled method was used to perform finite element analysis of the lubricating oil pump set based on the Workbench platform under different initial compression amounts(0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 mm)of the disc springs. The results show that when the initial compression amount is less than 0.7 mm, the main components of the lubricating oil pump receive a smaller compressive force and are mainly affected by the circumferential thrust of the oil. As the initial compression amount increases from 0.7 mm to 0.9 mm, the deformation of the pre-compressed end shows a corresponding increase trend. At the same time, the axial force borne by the baffle of the oil pump body also exhibits a linear growth characteristic with the increase of compression. In this process, the axial thrust of the port plate and the eccentric pump body gradually increases with the increase of compression, ensuring that they can be effectively compressed and the pump cover remains intact and undamaged. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the initial installation of the oil pump assembly, but also helps guide the installation operation in practical engineering applications, thus ensuring the normal operation and service life of the lubricating oil pump assembly.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 230-235 [Abstract] ( 1 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3709KB] ( 73 )
236 Dynamic stress calculation and fatigue life prediction of CAP1400 reactor coolant pump impeller
WANG Jiaqiong,WANG Ruizhi,FU Qiang*,ZHU Rongsheng,XU Wei,WANG Dandan
To achieve fatigue life prediction reactor coolant pump impeller, a calculation model based on fluid-thermal-structure interaction was established considering the harsh operating conditions of high temperature and high pressure of the impeller. The pressure load and temperature load of the internal flow field of the reactor coolant pump at different times were numerically simulated using ANSYS CFX software. The transfer of pressure load and temperature load to the structure was realized in ANSYS Workbench, and then the research on the dynamic response fatigue load of the impeller was carried out. Statistical analysis was conducted on the load data of dangerous parts of the impeller using the rain-flow counting method, and further combining with Palmgren-Miner theory, the minimum fatigue life cycle of the impeller of the reactor coolant pump was predicted. The results show that the impeller is subjected to periodic alternating stress during rotation. There are four stress concentration areas on the impeller, which are the interfaces between the inlet and outlet edges of the blade and the shroud and hub. The maximum stress occurs at the interface of the blade outlet and the shroud, with a maximum value of 142.57 MPa. The occurrence time of stress wave crest and wave trough of dangerous parts of blade is basically the same. The fatigue on the impeller is high cycle fatigue, and the fatigue failure first occurs at the interface between the inlet edge of the blade and the hub. The calculated fatigue life of the impeller is 277.84 years. The research results can provide useful reference for the dynamic strength optimization and fatigue design of impellers.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 236-242 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5026KB] ( 52 )
243 Sensitivity analysis and orthogonal optimization design of air tank parameters in long-distance water transmission pump stations
ZHAO Binjuan,CAO Kefan,LIU Yulu,SONG Yingnan,CHEN Huilong*,DAI Bin
A long-distance water transmission project in Northwest China was taken as an example to explore the optimization design method of air tanks in long-distance water transmission pump stations. The maximum positive pressure and minimum negative pressure of water hammer of the pump station were selected as the optimization objectives. The initial gas pressure, height-diameter ratio, connecting pipe diameter, inlet and outlet resistance coefficient were selected as optimization variables. Based on the orthogonal optimization design method and KYPipe software, the range analysis method was used to obtain the influence of various parameters of the air tank on the maximum positive pressure and minimum negative pressure of water hammer. Simultaneously, the obtained results were sorted, compared and the optimal parameter combination was found. The results show that the initial gas pressure, connecting pipe diameter and outlet resistance coefficient have a great influence on the maximum positive pressure and minimum negative pressure of water hammer. Among which the initial gas pressure is the most sensitive parameter and has the greatest impact on the maximum positive pressure and minimum negative pressure. After comparison, it is found that the parameter combination of the optimal scheme is initial gas pressure 50 m, height diameter ratio 4, connecting pipe diameter 250 mm, inlet resistance coefficient 10 and outlet resistance coefficient 5. Compared with the original scheme, the optimized scheme reduces the maximum positive pressure of water hammer by 4.98% and increases the minimum negative pressure by 64.00%.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 243-249 [Abstract] ( 4 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1932KB] ( 64 )
250 Water hammer protection measures for long-distance water transmission projects during pump stop with multiple water diversions outlets
YANG Chunxia*,LI Qian,MA Jingtong,ZHENG Yuan,GENG Weiqiang,ZHANG Zhen
In order to effectively avoid the potential harm caused by negative water hammer in unprotected pumping and power outage in multi pump and multi outlet water delivery systems, a mathematical model of a large water supply project with a total length of 106.46 km was established to calculate the transition process of the system. The joint protection scheme of air valve and two-stage liquid-controlled butterfly valve and the one-way tower protection scheme were studied respectively, and the latter was optimized after the former was far from the ideal protection effect. After determining the number, location, and height of unidirectional towers in combination with engineering practice, multiple schemes were compared and selected for the bottom area of unidirectional towers at different positions. Finally, the bottom area of Tower 1# was selected as 28.26 m2, and the bottom area of Tower 2# was selected as 176.63 m2, respectively. It is found that in order to prevent the one-way tower leakage, it is needs to be closed with the diversion port and water supply terminal regulating valve. On the pre-mise of ensuring that the maximum pressure of the pipeline does not exceed its pressure-bearing capacity, an innovative diversion port regulating valve and the water supply terminal regulating valve closing time law for the effect of comparison was conducted, so that the water transmission system can be more economical and safe stable operation.An optimization direction for water hammer protection in such long-distance multi-outlet and multi-pump water supply projects is provided.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 250-255 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1921KB] ( 67 )
256 Optimization and regulation control of pump units based on differential characteristics
YAN Jing,ZHANG Zhao*,WEI Wentao,SI Qiaorui,LI Yueqiang,XUE Ping,GAO Zhongyang,DU Mengying,
In order to effectively reduce the scheme error of the pumping station due to the deviation of the theoretical pumping unit efficiency from the actual situation, on the basis of the clustering method, the characteristic curves of the pumping units in the pumping station were corrected by using the histo-rical monitoring data. At the same time, the results of the correction were applied to the pumping station optimization and scheduling model, and the optimization and scheduling model of the pumping station based on the pumping units with different characteristics would be constructed to achieve the intelligent preference optimization and control of the pumping units in the station. The results of the study show that the theoretical pumping unit efficiency after the calibration curve is 18.8% higher than the accuracy before the calibration, which is more in line with the engineering practice. Compared with the manual empirical scheduling scheme, the energy consumption of the optimization scheme of the pumping unit with different characteristics based on the calibrated curve is reduced by an average of 9.08%, and costs by an average of 3.59%, which is superior to the manual empirical scheduling. Comparison of the corrected performance curves of multiple pumping units found that, due to the installation location, cumulative operating hours and wear and tear, resulting in differences in the pumping efficiency of the pumping unit of the same type of pumps in the pumping station, with a maximum deviation of 14.63%. This demonstrates that the pumping station cannot directly divided into the optimal distribution of the flow rate for long periods of time, which further proving the necessity of the research on the differential characteristics of the pumping unit.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 256-264 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4464KB] ( 50 )
265 Numerical simulation of starting performance of vertical axis wind turbine with B-Spline curve wind gathering devices
LI YAN,*,MA Yunfei,TONG Guoqiang,YANG Shengbing,XIAO Zhenjun
In order to further improve the static start-up performance of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines(SB-VAWT), a wind gathering device(WGD)with convex streamline profile was proposed based on the B-spline curve generation method. It was installed at the top and bottom of the wind wheel respectively to improve the incoming wind flow velocity near the wind turbine, make the wind wheel to absorb more wind energy and achieve the characteristics of easier start-up. Five design structural parameters were selected for the WGD including: the clearance distance between WGD and wind turbine ΔL, Bottom circle radius R1, top circle radius R2, entrance angle α1 and outlet angle α2. The design method adopts a quadratic rotation orthogonal combination to screen the optimal model. The influence of WGD parameters on the static starting performance of SB-VAWT was studied through three-dimensional numerical simulation, and the optimal combination of shape parameters was obtained. In addition, a static three-dimensional numerical simulation of SB-VAWT with or without WGD was carried out. The results show that the static starting performance of SB-VAWT is significantly improved by adding WGD with convex streamline profile. The starting performance of a SB-VAWT has been significantly improved. Under low wind speeds, the performance improvement is more significant. The WGD can increase the average starting torque coefficient of SB-VAWT by a maximum of 38.8%, and the peak average starting torque coefficient can be increased by a maximum of 31.2%.

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2024 Vol. 42 (3): 265-272 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6098KB] ( 55 )
273 Experimental study on dynamic stress of blades with different materials under wind direction change
WANG Jianwen,ZHAO YuSymbolj@@,ZHANG Peng,REN Biao,YIN Jiujun
In order to understand the stress changes of wind turbine blades with different materials du-ring the process of wind direction change, S-shaped wind turbine blades with wood, glass fiber, and carbon fiber materials were used as the research object. Wind tunnels and dynamic rotating platforms were used to simulate the wind direction changes and experimental methods were used for research. The results show that under the same wind speed and the same tip speed ratios, the stress value at the lea-ding edge of the blade root of carbon fiber blade with larger elastic modulus is much higher than that of glass fiber blades and wood fiber blades. The strain value at the leading edge of the blade root of the glass fiber blade with larger weight is much higher than that of the carbon fiber blades and wood fiber blades. The distribution of root and spreading stress and strain of different materials is diffe-rent, but the overall trend shows basic decrease from leading edge(0.25C)to trailing edge(0.90C)and from root(0.20R)to tip(0.90R). At the beginning of wind direction changes, the stress and strain values of carbon fiber blades with high stiffness show an obvious downward trend at each measuring point due to their strong resistance to elastic deformation, followed by glass fiber blades and wood blades. The stress and strain values at each measuring point of the three material blades show an inverse S-shaped downward curve. Different blade materials can lead to significant diffe-rences in tensile or extrusion action and azimuth of maximum principal stress at the same airfoil and the same measuring point, which result in significant differences in the maximum principal stress azimuth.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 273-281 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5774KB] ( 56 )
282 Calculation and simulation method for water hammer in gravity flow pipeline inhilly areas
SHI Xiaowu,HE Wuquan,*,LI Bo,DUAN Xiaoning,TIAN Yufeng
In order to accurately predict and protect the water hammer damage of gravity flow pipelines in hilly areas, and improve the safety and reliability of water transmission pipeline. In respective of the characteristics of large drop, long distance and topographic relief of the gravity flow pipeline in hilly areas, it is proposed to divide the water transmission pipeline into curved sections and straight sections with inclined angles. Using the limit idea, the curve fitting vectorization method based on tangent of the curved section is fitted to multiple equivalent short pipes with the same flow section along the center line of the pipeline. The combination of fitting equivalent short pipes and inclined straight pipes is used to calculate the water hammer, the numerical calculation model of gravity flow pipeline is established. A gravity flow pipeline water conveyance project in Qianyang County, Shaanxi Province is taken as an example to verify and analyze. By simulating the change law of water hammer pressure of the valve at the end of the pipeline at different valve closing times, it was concluded that the optimal valve closing time is 50≤T≤120 s, and corresponding water hammer protection schemes were proposed. The results show that the method has high accuracy in calculation and simulation, and it can provide reference for the construction and management of long-distance gravity flow pipeline water conveyance projects in hilly areas.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 282-287 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1812KB] ( 80 )
288 Research on speed characteristic curve of self-driving rotary energy recovery device
YANG Dazhuang*,YUAN Danqing,LI Hui
In order to investigate the characteristic curve of self-driving rotary displacement energy recovery device, a new speed prediction model is proposed by using the method of theoretical analysis. And applying the Fluent 6DOF model, a numerical model for the rigid passive rotation of the rotor of a self-driving rotating energy recovery device was constructed by defining physical parameters such as mass and moment of inertia of the solid rotor through UDF files. The velocity distribution of the rotor under the condition of an inlet flow rate Q was about 70.2 m3/h,and an outlet high pressure p was 6 MPa, as well as the condition and the variation relation of the rotor driving torque with time under each condition were obtained. The variation law of the rotor speed during the starting process was summarized. The results show that the starting time of the rotor under all operating conditions is less than 2 s, and the rotor speed is proportional to the flow rate. The theoretical model and numerical model have high degree of agreement, with relative error under condition of Q was 26.3 m3/h is the highest(14.9%), and the relative error under condition of Q was 61.4 m3/h is the smallest(0.77%).
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 288-293 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4399KB] ( 72 )
294 Current situation and development considerations of mechanized irrigation in hilly and mountainous areas
ZHU Xingye,ZHAO Ying*,YUAN Shouqi,LIU Junping,TANG Lingdi
Aiming at a series of problems such as single mechanized irrigation equipment and technology poor adaptability, lack of green and intelligent irrigation modes in hilly mountain areas, the syste-matic description of the current status of the relevant research and the future development trends was discussed. A comprehensive understanding of the current level of mechanized irrigation in hilly mountainous areas is the key to the subsequent development of the relevant research. By analyzing the current status of mechanized irrigation in hilly mountainous areas and adapting to the requirements of mechanization development in hilly mountainous areas, a systematic summary was conducted in terms of mechanized irrigation starting from the national policy to the hilly sub-districts, and finally combining with the characteristics of irrigation in hilly mountainous areas, the current status of irrigation, and relevant economic factors. Based on the national conditions of Chinas hilly mountainous areas and related policies, corresponding suggestions were put forward for mechanized irrigation in hilly mountainous areas. It can provide reference for the future mechanized irrigation transformation in hilly mountainous areas, and supplement the shortcomings of mechanized irrigation equipment and technology in hilly mountainous areas. It can also increase the attention to the mechanized irrigation aspects in hilly mountainous areas, improve the irrigation level of agriculture in hilly mountainous areas, and promote the depth of agricultural cross-field association to promote sustainable and modernized development of agriculture.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 294-303 [Abstract] ( 2 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10000KB] ( 68 )
304 Research status and prospect of health status assessment methods for rotating machinery
SU Hong,ZHU Yong*,LIU Jinhua,GAO Qiang
Rotating machinery is an important component of mechanical equipment, with complex internal structural complexity and strong coupling degree between its key components and subsystems. It is prone to easy failure under long-term complex working conditions. Once the failure occurs, it can lead to the decline overall performance of the machine, and even cause significant economic losses or personal injury. Therefore, the research on the health status assessment of rotating machinery has become one of the key points in the development of modern national defense and industrial equipment. Based on the requirements of health management and intelligent maintenance of rotating machinery, the status and role of health status assessment in intelligent operation and maintenance of mechanical equipment are firstly discussed. Secondly, the concept of health status assessment technology, the classification of status levels, and assessment indicators are introduced. Thirdly, typical assessment methods based on knowledge and experience, model-driven, and data-driven methods are illustrated. Fourth, the research achievements in the evaluation of health status of typical rotating machinery in recent years are reviewed, such as pumps, bearings, gearboxes, and aircraft engines. Finally, based on technical challenges and development trends faced by research on health status assessment methods, the development direction of health status assessment methods for rotating machinery is discussed and prospected.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 304-318 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2116KB] ( 73 )
319 Effect of water jet cavitation on microstructure and superelasticity of NiTi shape memory alloy
WANG Leibo,CHEN Jie,LIU Haixia*,OUYANG Yadong,ZOU Yang,ZHANG Yongchao
In order to investigate the influence mechanism of water jet cavitation on the microstructure and properties of NiTi shape memory alloy, a water jet cavitation experiments were carried out on it in tap water with different exposure times. The microstructure, phase and properties of the samples were characterized by using SEM, XRD, TEM, micro-Vickers hardness tester, nano-indentation instrument and laser confocal microscope. The results show that both the surface microhardness and superelasticity of NiTi shape memory alloy increase with the prolongation of cavitation time within 20 min. When the jet cavitation time is 15 min, a large number of dislocations appear in the NiTi shape memory alloy and the surface microhardness reaches the maximum value of 340.35 HV(load is 25 gf), which is about 34% higher than that of the original sample. The depth of the influence hardened layer of water jet cavitation on NiTi alloy is about 300 μm. The super elasticity of the alloy was measured by the nano-indentation energy recovery rate. The elastic energy recovery rate of the alloy increased from 38.25% to 45.70% after 15 min of water jet cavitation, indicating that water jet cavitation treatment can effectively improve the super elasticity of the sample. The increase in microhardness and super elasticity in NiTi shape memory alloy can be attributed to dislocation proliferation in the alloy.
2024 Vol. 42 (3): 319-326 [Abstract] ( 3 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8746KB] ( 50 )
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