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| Method for optimal spatial and temporal allocation of water in irrigation districts |
| PENG Shi-Zhang, WANG Ying, CHEN Yun, GAO Xiao-Li, ZHANG He-Xi |
| (1. State Key Laboratory of HydrologyWater Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; 2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering and Architecture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; 3. CSIRO, Land and Water, Canberra 2601, Australia; 4.Guizhou Hydraulic Research Institute, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China) |
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Abstract The optimization of allocation of water in irrigation districts is very important for improving irrigation water management and alleviating the pressure of irrigation water availability as well as maintaining agricultural sustainability. Therefore, a new method was proposed to optimize allocation of water in irrigation districts by combining the traditional optimization method, in which the model for optimal allocation of water among different crops is used, and the optimization model with a multiobjective function for canal scheduling as well as GIS. In this method, the spatial difference in crop, soil, meteorological station and canal network pattern and the temporal difference in water required by corps in various growth stages. Compared with the traditional optimization method, in the new method the number of optimization variables can be chosen flexibly according to the accuracy of optimization by an irrigation district manager. As a result of this, not only the optimization of allocation of water in irrigation districts was simplified but its results can be displayed in various ways. The decision support system for optimization allocation of water established here has a friendly interface and high computational efficiency; further, it is transplantable and universal. The results of a case study have shown that the water productivity, crop yield and irrigation net benefit are increased by 0.5 kg/m3, 24.3%, 16.8%, respectively, while the irrigation water volume is reduced by 29.6% after optimization. Additionally, a tendency that the limited water resources are allocated to highvalue crops was shown in the optimized allocation of water. This approach provides a new way for spatial and temporal allocation of water in irrigation districts.
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Received: 22 October 2012
Published: 31 March 2013
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