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| Effects of water and fertilizer regulation modes on water fertilizer and utilization efficiency of Spring Maize in coastal saline-alkali land |
| LI Yihan, ZHOU Beibei*, REN Peiqi, SHAN Yuyang, XUE Wenqiang |
| State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi′an University of Technology, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710048, China |
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Abstract In order to explore the effects of different irrigation methods and nitrogen fertilizer application rates on water, fertilizer and salt migration process and crop growth in coastal saline-alkali land, based on the field experiments, the effects of different irrigation methods and irrigation amounts(F: flood irrigation, 360 mm; D1: drip irrigation, 360 mm; D2: drip irrigation, 288 mm; D3: drip irrigation, 216 mm), effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment(N1: 280 kg/hm2, N2: 196 kg/hm2, N3: 112 kg/hm2)on soil water, fertilizer and salt distribution in saline alkali land and growth indexes of Spring Maize. The results show that under the drip irrigation mode, the average water content of profile N1 is the lowest,the salt washing point appears in D1 and D2 treatment and there is a shallow salt area suitable for crop growth. After irrigation, the nitrate content of D1N1 increased most significantly and the content was the highest. There was no obvious nitrate accumulation point in the low nitrogen treatment corresponding to drip irrigation treatment. Under the same irrigation amount, the effective nitrogen content of flood irrigation treatment was higher than that of drip irrigation, but its effective nitrogen utilization rate was lower than that of drip irrigation treatment. The difference of dry matter of spring maize under different nitrogen application increased with the increase of irrigation. There were significant differences between water use efficiency and fertilizer partial productivity in each treatment. The partial productivity of high water and low nitrogen fertilizer was improved significantly, but its water use efficiency was low,and the yield of D1N1 was the highest. When considering crop yield and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, drip irrigation is adopted. The irrigation amount is between 288-360 mm and the nitrogen application amount is 196 kg/hm2.
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Received: 12 April 2021
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