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| Effect of pit depth and irrigation volume on growth of young apple tree in quick growth stage of new branches in water storage pit irrigation |
| LI Rui1, GUO Xianghong1, SUN Xihuan1,2, MA Juanjuan1, ZHENG Lijian1, AN Jianglong1, ZHANG Yaxiong1 |
| 1.School of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China; 2.Jinzhong University, jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, China |
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Abstract Three-year-old dwarf apple trees were selected as the study object in this experiment, and influences of pit depth and upper and lower limits of irrigation volume on their growth during the quick growth stage of new branches. Meanwhile, each treatment has been evaluated by principal component analysis. The results show that the root system growth, leaf photosynthetic properties, morphological and physiological characteristics of young apple trees are better at 40 cm pit depth than those at the other pit depths(20 and 60 cm)when the upper and lower limits of irrigation are 60%-90% of field capacity under the condition of considering the total irrigation volume. At 40 cm pit depth, except the root system growth index, the other morphological and physiological indices of young apple trees are significantly better when the upper and lower limits of irrigation are 70%-100% of field capacity than those when two limits are 50%-80% and 60%-90% of field capacity. By using principal component analysis, the influences of pit depth and upper and lower limits of irrigation are scored comprehensively. It is found that 40 cm pit depth and upper and lower limits at 60%-90% of field capacity level are the optimal combination. Therefore, in water storage pit irrigation, a suitable irrigation condition can considerably promote the root system to grow, and strength the drought resistance of young apple trees, eventually both water saving and high yield purposes can be achieved.
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Received: 25 October 2016
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