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| Effects of underground oxygen irrigation on soil nitrogen distribution and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of tomato |
| ZHANG Zhe1, YANG Runya2, ZHU Jinjin3, ZHANG Zhenhua4*,GENG Yajun1, SUN Junna1, ZHOU Yitang1, XU Na1 |
| 1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China; 2. School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China; 3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 4. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China |
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Abstract In order to explore the comprehensive scheme for improving the water, fertilizer and gas to tomato yield, the utilization efficiency of water and nitrogen of greenhouse tomatoes and reducing the residual soil mineral nitrogen under underground oxygen irrigation. The effects of different levels of oxygen, nitrogen application and irrigation amount on soil mineral nitrogen distribution, total nitrogen content in tomato organs, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency, irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE), partial nitrogen fertilizer productivity(PFPN)and yield were investigated. The results showed that the NO-3-N mass concentration in 30-60 cm soil layer in medium oxygen treatment(20 mg/L)increased by 46.68% and 32.47%, respectively, when compared with that in low oxygen treatment(10 mg/L)and no oxygen treatment, respectively. The increase of irrigation amount significantly increased the NO-3-N concentration in 0-20 cm soil layer. The NO-3-N concentration in 0-30 cm soil layer and the ammonium-nitrogen concentration in 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer in medium nitrogen treatment(225 kg/hm2)were higher than those in low(150 kg/hm2)and high(300 kg/hm2)nitrogen treatment, respectively. Compared with medium nitrogen and low nitrogen treatments, the total nitrogen concentration of tomato fruits under high nitrogen treatment increased by 27.33% and 33.33%, respectively. The root total nitrogen concentration under medium nitrogen treatment was the highest(29.67 g/kg). The effects of oxygen addition on IWUE and PFPN were statistically significant(P<0.05), the tomato yield of medium oxygen treatment increased by 11.20% and 18.41% compared with that of low oxygen and no oxygen treatment, respectively. Based on comprehensive consideration, under the condition of clay loam soil, it is recommended to add 20 mg/L of oxygen, apply 150 kg/hm2 of nitrogen, and take the pan evaporation coefficient of 1.00 as the most suitable scheme for the actual planting of tomatoes.
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Received: 13 September 2022
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