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| Effects of water and fertilizer on soil salinity and yield increase |
| Shi Haibin1, Zhao Qian1, Tian Delong1,2, Yan Jianwen1, Miao Qingfeng1 |
| 1.Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College of Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China; 2.Irrigation and Drainage Research Laboratory of Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China |
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Abstract In order to achieve an efficient use of fertilizer in saline soil in Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District, several different combinations between type of fertilizer and irrigation quota were made, and then their dynamic impacts on soil salinity and yield increase were studied by using field trials. It was shown that except the urea treatment all the means of soil EC(electrical conductivity)in topsoil and soil profiles under the organic fertilizer, controlled and slow-release fertilizer treatments and usual water-saving irrigation condition are decreased in some degree compared with their initial values after wheat being harvested. The organic fertilizer treatment exhibits an advantage in salt control under the conventional irrigation condition(irrigation quota=1 005 m3/hm2). Both the slow-release and controlled fertilizers have an even better salt control under the water-saving irrigation condition(irrigation quota=750 m3/hm2); as a result, the means of EC in topsoil are decreased by 16.4% and 14.3%, respectively. For the urea treatment, however, the means of EC in topsoil and soil profile are increased respectively by 3.6% and 2.7% under the conventional irrigation condition, and the salinity is slightly higher than that under the water-saving irrigation condition. Although the wheat yield is increased significantly after the four kinds of fertilizer treatments are applied, the slow-release fertilizer can result in a remarked yield increase under the routine and water-saving irrigation conditions. After the water-sa-ving, soil salinity and wheat yield increase are considered comprehensively, the optimized irrigation and fertilization module should be: slow-release fertilizer and diammonium as the basal fertilization, no topdressing during growth period, slow-release fertilizer is 800.4 kg/hm2, diammonium is 350.6 kg/hm2, irrigation amount is 750 m3/hm2. This module leads to a wheat yield as high as 374.5 kg/hm2, which is increased by 2.14% than in the conventional irrigation and fertilizer module. Furthermore, the irrigation water is saved by 25%, and the means of EC in topsoil and soil profiles have been decreased by 18.6% and 16.4%, respectively.
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Received: 21 February 2013
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