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Effects of straw mulching and plant density on water utilization of summer maize |
Liu Quanru, Lang Kun, Zhao Dandan, Shen Jiayin, Li Quanqi, Han Huifang |
College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong 271000, China |
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Abstract To understand the mechanization of the efficient water utilization on summer maize, field experiments involving straw mulching with 0, 0.6 kg/m2(N and M, respectively)and plant density with 10.0, 7.5, 5.5(1, 2 and 3, respectively)plants per m2 were conducted. The effect of straw mul-ching and plant density on soil moisture content under different layer, grain yield and yield components was investigated, to discuss the potential of grain yield and WUE improvement by the optimized combination of straw mulching and plant density. The results show that the yield and WUE of M2 treatment are 1 255.44 g/m2 and 3.93 kg/m3, respectively, which are higher than other treatments. Evapotranspiration has no significant difference among different straw mulching treatments in the whole summer maize growing season. Straw mulching improves the 0-30 cm soil moisture content in medium growing stage under low density treatment, ear number, 1 000-kernel weight, grain,WUE by 8.67%, 3.73%, 8.04%, 16.88%,21.94%, respectively. The yield difference is the dominant factor to influence the WUE among different straw mulching treatments. The experiment indicates that the combination of straw mulching and suitable planting density can make summer maize water saving and high yield.
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Received: 17 December 2012
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