Experimental study on composite insulating plastic board of preventing channel seepage and frost heave
HE Wu-Quan, ZHENG Shui-Rong, SHEN Chang-Yue
(1.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A ＆ F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; 3.Faculty of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi′an, Shannxi 710072, China)
Abstract：A composite insulating plastic board of polyurethane foam, in which the powders of broken corn stalks have been stuffed, was invented; its formula and preparation technology were primarily decided as well. Effects of the size and content of broken corn stalks power (0＜D≤0.45 mm,0.45＜D≤1.50 mm，1.50 mm＜D≤4.00 mm), on the density, compression strength and thermal conductivity of the polyurethane foam plastic were experimented. Meanwhile, their influences on the foaming time, foam molding of the plastic were observed too. The results showed that when the corn stalk broken powder size is fixed, the density of the foam plastic increase, its compression strength drops off with increasing content of the powders stuffed. When the broken corn stalks powder size and filled content are 0.45 mm＜D≤1.50 mm and 30%, the compression strength (compressed by 10%), heat conductivity (－40-＋70 ℃) and dimension change of the composite polyurethane foam plastic board are 85 kPa, 0.038 W/(m·K) and ±1%, respectively, suggesting the board can satisfy the requirements on the performance preventing seepage in channel lining applications and damage on channels caused from frost heave. According to estimates, using this composite insulating foam board in projects can reduce their cost by about 25%. Moreover, waste products of agriculture can be made full use, reducing pollution on the environment caused from disposal or incineration of those wastes.
［1］金宏智,严海军,钱一超.国外节水灌溉工程技术发展分析［J］.农业机械学报,2010,41(S0):59-63.Jin Hongzhi,Yan Haijun,Qian Yichao. Overseas development of watersaving irrigation engineering technology［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(S0):59-63.(in Chinese)［2］何武全,孔东.渠道衬砌与防渗工程技术［M］. 郑州:黄河水利出版社,2011.［3］ Phogat V, Malik R S, Kumar Sanjay. Modelling the effect of canal bed elevation on seepage and water table rise in a sand box filled with loamy soil［J］. Irrigation Science, 2009,27(3):191-200.［4］ Kahlown M A, Kemper W D. Reducing water losses from channels using linings: Costs and benefits in Pakistan［J］. Agricultural Water Management, 2005,74(1):57-76.［5］何武全,刘群昌. 我国渠道衬砌与防渗技术发展现状与趋势［J］. 中国农村水利水电,2009(6):3-6.He Wuquan,Liu Qunchang.The present development status and trends of canal lining and seepage control techniques in China［J］. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2009(6):3-6.(in Chinese)［6］Akagawa Satoshi, Nishisato Kohei. Tensile strength of frozen soil in the temperature range of the frozen fringe［J］. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2009,57(1):13-22.［7］吴蓁,孙揭阳,郭青,等.建筑保温用聚氨酯泡体结构与性能的研究［J］.新型建筑材料,2009(8):54-57.Wu Zhen, Sun Jieyang, Guo Qing, et al. The study on the structure and property of polyurethane foam for the building thermal insulation［J］. New Building Materials, 2009(8):54-57.(in Chinese)［8］Maslov A N, Smirnova L A, Ryabov S A, et al. Mechanical properties of polyurethane foams modified by polymerpolyols［J］. Polymer Science Series B, 2006,48(4):190-193.［9］李世新,扬长征,杜彬,等.新疆山口水电站混凝土坝保温保湿方案分析［J］. 水力发电学报, 2008,27(3):43-47.Li Shixin, Yang Changzheng, Du Bin, et al. Analysis of heat and moisture insulation schemes for a concrete dam of Shankou hydropower station in Xinjiang Province［J］. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2008,27(3):43-47.(in Chinese)［10］吴鸿欣,曹洪国,韩增德,等.中国玉米秸秆综合利用技术介绍与探讨［J］. 农业工程, 2011,1(3):9-12.Wu Hongxin, Cao Hongguo, Han Zengde, et al. Introduction and discussion of cornstalk utilization technology in China［J］. Agricultural Engineering, 2011,1(3):9-12.(in Chinese)［11］ 中华人民共和国水利部. GB／T 50600—2010 渠道防渗工程技术规范［S］. 北京:中国计划出版社,2011.
