Abstract：To prevent from or relieve sand abrasion of hydroturbines in hydropower stations on the Yellow River in a more scientific manner, it is necessary to investigate the abrasion characteristics with real sands in that river. The sediment sand in that river bed located at Huayuankou in Zhengzhou was applied into the sand abrasion characteristics measurements of the steels 1Cr18Ni9Ti and ZG0Cr16Ni5Mo in the laboratory. The flow conditions were based on the actual situation of flow in Sanmenxia Hydropower Station sited on the Yellow River. The weight loss and its rate against time of these two kinds of materials for hydroturbine were measured at three sand concentrations, six different water steam velocities. The correlations such as material weight loss to time, steam velocity and sand concentration were obtained through the analyses on the experimental results. Eventually, the mathematical models of sand abrasion characteristics were established by using the regression methods for these two materials. It was shown that weight loss is increased with increasing stream velocity for all the materials, the weight loss rises with increasing sand concentration at a constant velocity, also, the longer the time is lasted in measurements the more the weight loss gets. The obtained regression equations suggest that the material weight loss is approximately proportional to the third power of stream velocity, the first power of both sand concentration and time under those experimental conditions.
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